Cellular immune response of pigeons in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic tolerance

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dudek ◽  
D. Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper Lymphocytes ◽  
Immunological Assays ◽  
Cellular Immune

Cellular immune response of pigeons in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic toleranceThe aim of this study was to investigate changes in selected parameters of cellular immune response in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic tolerance in pigeons. On the first day of observation the experimental birds (n=18) were intravenously injected withEscherichia coliLPS at a dose of 10 μg/kg b.w., while the control animals (n=6) received apyrogenic physiological saline also in the form of injection. On the second and the third day of the experiment LPS was injected additionally at 24 h intervals. Four and a half hours after the saline and pyrogen administration blood samples were collected from the control and experimental pigeons. The following immunological assays were performed: WBC, leucogram and immunophenotyping of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, i.e. CD 3+(T lymphocytes), CD 4+(T helper lymphocytes) and CD 8+(T suppressor/ cytotoxic lymphocytes) cells. In the conditions of endotoxin fever (i.e. after the first LPS injection) leucopenia, monocytopenia, heterophilia and eosinophilia were observed. Additionally, the immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes indicated an increase in percentage of CD 3+, CD 4+and CD 8+cells in response to the single injection of LPS. In contrast, the consecutive injections of LPS, which created a pyrogenic tolerance effect, caused a decrease in WBC value, heteropenia, eosinopenia and lymphocytosis. Moreover, during this state an increase in percentage of CD 3+and CD 8+cells was demonstrated in contrast to the percentage of CD 4+lymphocytes. The general tendencies in cellular immune response of the affected pigeons in the conditions of endotoxin fever and pyrogenic tolerance aim at activation of defence mechanisms against LPS for its prompt elimination from the animal's organism.

scholarly journals Low Frequency of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes against the Novel HLA-A*0201-Restricted JC Virus Epitope VP1p36 in Patients with Proven or Possible Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (22) ◽  
pp. 11918-11926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud A. Du Pasquier ◽  
Marcelo J. Kuroda ◽  
Joern E. Schmitz ◽  
Yue Zheng ◽  
Kristi Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Jc Virus ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Tetramer Staining ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT JC virus (JCV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in peripheral blood are associated with a favorable outcome in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). However, the frequency of these cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of PML patients is unknown. To develop a highly sensitive assay for detecting the cellular immune response against this virus, we performed a CTL epitope mapping study of JCV VP1 major capsid protein by using overlapping peptides. A novel HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope, the VP1p36 peptide SITEVECFL, was characterized. The cellular immune response against JCV was assessed in 32 study subjects. By combining the results of the 51Cr release assay on pooled peptides and staining with the HLA-A*0201/JCV VP1p36 tetramer, VP1-specific CTL were detected in 10 of 11 PML survivors (91%) versus only 1 of 11 PML progressors (9%, P = 0.0003). VP1-specific CTL were also detected in two of two patients recently diagnosed with PML and in four of four human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with possible PML. The frequency of CTL specific for the novel VP1p36 and the previously described VP1p100 epitopes was determined. In two patients, the frequency of CTL specific for the VP1p36 or VP1p100 epitopes, as determined by fresh blood tetramer staining (FBTS), ranged from 1/6,000 to 1/24,000 PBMC. A CTL sorting technique combining tetramer staining and selection with immunomagnetic beads allowed the detection of epitope-specific CTL in two cases that were determined to be negative by FBTS. The phenotype of these CTL in vivo was consistent with activated memory cells. These data suggest that, although present in low numbers, JCV-specific CTL may be of central importance in the containment of JCV spread in immunosuppressed individuals.

scholarly journals Splenectomy is Associated with Altered Leukocyte Kinetics after Severe Trauma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Teuben ◽  
Arne Hollman ◽  
Taco J. Blokhuis ◽  
Roman Pfeifer ◽  
Roy Spijkerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Liver Trauma ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract Background Inadequate activation of the innate immune system after trauma can lead to severe complications such as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. The spleen is thought to modulate the cellular immune system. Furthermore, splenectomy is associated with improved outcome in severely injured trauma patients. We hypothesized that a splenectomy alters the cellular immune response in polytrauma.Methods All adult patients with an ISS ≥ 16 and suffering from splenic or hepatic injuries were selected from our prospective trauma database. Absolute leukocyte numbers in peripheral blood were measured. White blood cell kinetics during the first 14 days were compared between splenectomized patients, patients treated surgically for liver trauma and nonoperatively treated individuals.Results A total of 129 patients with a mean ISS of 29 were included. Admission characteristics and leukocyte numbers were similar in all groups, except for slightly impaired hemodynamic status in patients with operatively treated liver injuries. On admission, leukocytosis occurred in all groups. During the first 24 hours, leukopenia developed gradually, although significantly faster in the operatively treated patients. Thereafter, leukocyte levels normalized in all nonoperatively treated cases whereas leukocytosis persisted in operatively treated patients. This effect was significantly more prominent in splenectomized patients than all other conditions. Conclusions This study demonstrates that surgery for intra-abdominal injuries is associated with an early drop in leucocyte numbers in peripheral blood. Moreover, splenectomy in severely injured patients is associated with an altered cellular immune response reflected by a persistent state of prominent leukocytosis after trauma.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE IN SHIGELLOSIS IN CHILDREN INFECTED WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS

World Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3(55)) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Bukiy S. M. ◽  
Olkhovska O. M.
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Full Recovery ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Response Indicators

The analysis of the cellular immune response indicators in shigellosis in 90 children aged four to ten years infected with cytomegolovirus. It was found that in the acute period of the disease in children with mixed infection, the content of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 + cells of peripheral blood decreases, and by the period of early reconvalescence, the full recovery of cellular immunity indicators in these children does not occur. The revealed features of cellular immunity in shigellosis in children infected with CMV may be the cause of an unfavorable course of the disease and require further research.

APPROACHES TO THE ESTIMATION OF SOME PARAMETERS OF HUMORAL AND CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE TO BACTERIOPHAGES

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Sergeevna Bochkareva ◽  
A. V. Karaulov ◽  
A. V. Aleshkin ◽  
I. I. Novikova ◽  
I. M. Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immune

The aim of the study was to develop some approaches to evaluate the basic parameters of the humoral and cellular immune response to a bacteriophage, taking into account the multifactorial aspects of its interaction with both the pathogen and the macroorganism. The necessary reagents were obtained and a line of diagnostic ELISA test systems was designed to allow semi-quantitative assessment of the anti-bacteriophage IgG-antibody level in serum or other biological human fluids, as well as in preparations obtained from human blood. The need for neutralization reaction to determine the effect of detected antibodies on phage activity against a target bacterium has been proven. Testing the approaches used in the investigation of patients’ blood sera showed that antibodies to bacteriophages synthesized during phage therapy are not always neutralizing. Also approaches have been developed to evaluate cell immunity reactions to bacteriophage namely to identify T-lymphocytes (T-helpers and cytotoxic lymphocytes) that can be activated in the presence of the phage under study (by expressing the early activation marker (CD69) and by the ability to produce IFNγ). Approbation of the technique in the study of lymphocytes in patients during phage therapy showed the presence of activated cells by both the CD69 expression and IFNγ production, the dynamics of which depended on the timing and frequency of therapy. The appearance of neutralizing anti-phage antibodies and corresponding activated T-lymphocytes should be taken into account in phage therapy, the effectiveness of which can directly depend not only on the activity of the phage against the target bacterium, but also on the response of the patient’s immune system to the bacteriophage.

scholarly journals Characterization of cellular immune response associated with infection intensity in chronic opisthorchiasis patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Ye. N. Ilyinskikh ◽  
N. N. Ilyinskikh ◽  
I. N. Ilyinskikh ◽  
A. V. Lepyokhin ◽  
A. Yu. Yurkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cellular Immune Response ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Cellular Immune

The aim of this work was to assess the lymphocyte transformating responses to stimulation with antigens or mitogens in chronic opisthorchiasis patients with low and high degrees of infection intensity. The heavily infected patients demonstrated the lowest levels of stimulated lymphocyte transformating response in vitro, and CD8+ or CD16+ counts in peripheral blood.

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