response indicators
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Land ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Antonio Sánchez-Navarro ◽  
Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta ◽  
Aldara Girona-Ruiz ◽  
Iris Alarcón-Vera ◽  
María José Delgado-Iniesta

Agriculture practices developed since the middle of the last century have led to the degradation of different resources and made it necessary to promote agricultural models that are less aggressive towards nature. Sustainable agricultural growth requires a more efficient use of land. An experimental model was designed with four treatments in the Campo de Cartagena area (SE Spain): biosolarization with manure (BSM), biosolarization with brassicas (BB), solarization (S), and a pilot test (PT). The general objective was to determine by means of rapid response indicators the changes occurring in soil properties as a consequence of the implementation of these solarization or biosolarization practices and their influence on the quality and yield of a lettuce crop. The results show that there was no significant response in the physical and biological properties of the soil. Physicochemical properties such as pHw, and electrical conductivity (ECe), as well as chemicals such as total nitrogen (TN) and the content of some macro and micronutrients, can be considered as rapid response indicators. The highest yields (Yc) and highest commercial quality (Mc) of lettuce were obtained in the BB and BSM treatments (Yc > 23,000 kg ha−1; Mc > 413 g). These treatments resulted in biological NO3− sequestration and, in the case of BB, salt immobilization (ECe: 6 dS m−1). According to these results, BSM and BB can be recommended for sustainable agriculture and even as valid methods for the recovery of soils affected by salts and NO3−. Our results should increase the feasibility of these techniques in semiarid areas.


2022 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Alimonti ◽  
Luigi Mariani ◽  
Franco Prodi ◽  
Renato Angelo Ricci

AbstractThis article reviews recent bibliography on time series of some extreme weather events and related response indicators in order to understand whether an increase in intensity and/or frequency is detectable. The most robust global changes in climate extremes are found in yearly values of heatwaves (number of days, maximum duration and cumulated heat), while global trends in heatwave intensity are not significant. Daily precipitation intensity and extreme precipitation frequency are stationary in the main part of the weather stations. Trend analysis of the time series of tropical cyclones show a substantial temporal invariance and the same is true for tornadoes in the USA. At the same time, the impact of warming on surface wind speed remains unclear. The analysis is then extended to some global response indicators of extreme meteorological events, namely natural disasters, floods, droughts, ecosystem productivity and yields of the four main crops (maize, rice, soybean and wheat). None of these response indicators show a clear positive trend of extreme events. In conclusion on the basis of observational data, the climate crisis that, according to many sources, we are experiencing today, is not evident yet. It would be nevertheless extremely important to define mitigation and adaptation strategies that take into account current trends.


2021 ◽  
pp. 183-192
Author(s):  
Gong Xun ◽  
Bai XueWei ◽  
Huang HaiBo ◽  
Zhang FengYu ◽  
Gong YuanJuan ◽  
...  

Taking hybrid biomass sawdust as the material, carry out the simulation calibration experiment with JKR contact model based on DEM principle. The Plackett-Burman factorial experiment is carried out by Design-Expert for 10 related factors. Combined with the steepest climbing test scheme, according to the Box-Behnken experiment, the parameter calibration of the multi-response Indicators is completed. The results are as follows: the Poisson's ratio of hybrid sawdust is 0.30, the density is 399.22kg·m-3, the recovery coefficient between sawdust particles is 0.47, the rolling friction coefficient between sawdust particles is 0.39, and the parameter of surface energy density between sawdust particles (JKR) is 0.29J·m-2. Through the comparative verification experiment, it can be seen that the relative error of the repose angle is 3.41%, and the relative error of the stress-time response curve is less than 6.36%, which verifies the reliability of the calibration method, and provides a theoretical reference for the study of the constitutive characteristics of biomass materials and the densification mechanism.


Author(s):  
Владислав Александрович Маштаков ◽  
Евгений Васильевич Бобринев ◽  
Елена Юрьевна Удавцова ◽  
Андрей Александрович Кондашов

Проведено изучение показателей оперативного реагирования (скорости следования, времени прибытия первого подразделения, уровня прикрытия) подразделений пожарной охраны для населенных пунктов Краснодарского края и Свердловской области. Выделены города, в которых следует особое внимание уделить совершенствованию функционирования пожарной охраны с целью доведения времени прибытия первого подразделения до нормативного значения. There was carried out the investigation of operational response indicators (speed of movement, first unit arrival time, coverage rate) of fire service units at settlements of the Krasnodar Region and the Sverdlovsk Region. There were highlighted the cities in which it is necessary to improve fire service activities in order to make the first unit arrival time closer to the normative value.


PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12541
Author(s):  
Jeongmin Ha ◽  
Dahye Park

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed our lives in many ways, including school closures and social distancing practices. These abrupt life changes may have led to psychosocial problems in college students. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with psychosocial problems in South Korean nursing and non-nursing students. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted with 139 nursing and 147 non-nursing students (N = 286) between August 6 and October 30, 2020. We investigated participants’ general characteristics (that is, sociodemographic and health-promoting behaviors), sensitivity to COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 pandemic response indicators, and psychosocial problems. The factors associated with psychosocial problems were determined using multiple regression analysis. Results Among the COVID-19 pandemic response indicators, perceived health status during the COVID-19 pandemic was verified as a factor associated with psychosocial problems in nursing (β =  − 5.831, p < .001) and non-nursing students (β =  − 8.513, p < .001). Perceived stress (β = 1.263, p = .045), trust in policy (β = .892, p < .001), and religion (β =  − 1.424, p = .004) were verified as correlates of psychosocial problems in non-nursing students. Conclusion As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the stakeholders can use our study results to identify students experiencing psychosocial problems and subsequently as a theoretical background for developing intervention programs for those at a high risk of psychosocial problems. Additionally, it can be used as primary data for future research and practice regarding COVID-19 guidelines among students.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Hsiao Tseng

AbstractThis retrospective cohort study used the nationwide database of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance to investigate whether metformin would reduce the risk of acute appendicitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We first identified 423,949 patients newly diagnosed of diabetes from 1999 to 2005. After excluding patients having type 1 diabetes mellitus, missing data, previous history of acute appendicitis, aged < 15 years, aged > 80 years and followed up for < 6 months, 338,172 ever users and 21,861 never users of metformin were followed up from January 1, 2006 until December 31, 2011. Incidence of acute appendicitis was estimated for never users, ever users and subgroups (divided by median, tertiles and quartiles, respectively) of dose–response indicators including cumulative duration (months), cumulative dose (mg) and average daily dose (mg/day) of metformin therapy. We used Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity score to estimate the overall hazard ratio for ever versus never users, and the hazard ratios for subgroups of dose–response indicators versus never users. Results showed that new-onset acute appendicitis was diagnosed in 1558 ever users and 179 never users during follow-up. The incidence was 98.15 per 100,000 person-years in ever users and was 189.48 per 100,000 person-years in never users. The overall hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.514 (0.441–0.600) suggested a lower risk of acute appendicitis associated with metformin use. A dose–response pattern was consistently observed in the analyses of different subgroups of dose–response indicators and the reduced risk associated with metformin use was consistently observed in various sensitivity analyses. An average daily dose of 1000–1500 mg/day can significantly reduce the risk by > 50%. The benefit did not differ between different formulations of metformin, and the estimated hazard ratio for conventional/immediate-release metformin versus never users was 0.516 (0.441–0.603) and was 0.509 (0.421–0.615) for prolonged/slow-release metformin versus never users. It is concluded that metformin use is associated with a reduced risk of acute appendicitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baofang Sun ◽  
Wentao Zhu ◽  
Qiangpu Chen ◽  
Changxi Zhang ◽  
Qiang Wei ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction is a new prescription designed by the author to add astragalus, frankincense and myrrh on the basis of the classic Xiaochengqi Decoction based on the characteristics of biliary tract surgery, and it has been used for clinical differentiation.Therefore, in order to evaluate the clinical effect of Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction in perioperative period of cholelithiasis, this study conducted a prospective randomized controlled study. Methods A total of 162 patients with cholelithiasis were randomly divided into three groups. Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction group: ERAS process + Modified Xiaochengqi decoction. Xiaochengqi Decoction group: ERAS process + Xiaochengqi decoction. Control group: ERAS process + warm boiled water 50ml.Compare the clinical indicators, immune indicators and acute inflammatory stress response indicators between the three groups, and observe the adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine. Results Clinical indicators In the Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction group, the postoperative VAS pain scores was decreased, the postoperative activity time and activity distance was increased, the feeding time was advanced, the recovery of gastrointestinal function was advanced, the postoperative cost and postoperative hospital stay was reduced and the incidence of nausea and vomiting was reduced (P <0.05).There was no serious adverse reaction in Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction. Immune indicators On the 1st and 2nd day after operation, the expression of CD3+,CD4+,CD19+ and the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 + in the Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction group was higher than that in the Xiaochengqi Decoction group and the control group.The expression of CD8+ and NK cell was not statistically different between the three groups (P>0.05). A cute inflammatory stress response indicators On the 1st and 2nd day after the operation, the expression of IL-6, CRP and SAA in the Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction group was lower than that in the control group, and the expression of substance P was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in IL-10 expression between the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction relieved the inflammatory response and improved the immune function in the perioperative period, and promoted postoperative rehabilitation. Moreover, there was no serious adverse reaction in Modified Xiaochengqi Decoction.Trial registration This study is registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry.The registration identification number is ChiCTR2000033125.Registered 25 May 2015 Retrospectivelyregistered,http://www.medresman.org.cn/ChiCTR2000033125.


Author(s):  
Choidorj Adiyabazar ◽  
F. Gonzalez-Longatt ◽  
Martha N. Acosta ◽  
J.L. Rueda ◽  
P. Palensky

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinwei Sun ◽  
Qingyu Liu ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Ge Diao ◽  
Zhiqing Liang

Abstract Background: Serous ovarian cancer (SOC) is a main histological subtype of ovarian cancer (OC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs), with self-renewal and differentiation potential, are considered to be the cause of chemoresistance in SOC. However, the underlying modulation mechanisms of chemoresistance led by cancer stemness are still undefined. Results: We found that mRNAsi and corrected mRNAsi (by tumor purity) scores were both greater in tumors of Grade 3 and 4 than that of Grade 1 and 2, indicating a stronger stemness in cancer cells of higher grades. A total of 42 key genes were obtained from the most significant mRNAsi-related gene module. Functional annotation revealed that these key genes were mainly involved in mitotic division and were closely related to cell proliferation. A total of 13 potential platinum response indicators were selected from the genes enriched to platinum-response associated pathways. Among the 13 key genes, we identified 11 genes with prognostic value of progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced-stage SOC patients treated with chemotherapy containing platinum and 7 prognostic genes in patients treated with the combination of platinum and taxol. The expression of the 13 key genes was also validated between platinum-resistant and sensitive SOC samples of advanced stages in two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Conclusion: The results revealed that CDC20 was a potential platinum-based chemotherapeutic response indicator in advanced-stage SOC and the findings may provide new insight into the prediction of drug response thus to guiding the use of chemotherapies in patients of advanced-stage SOC in the clinic.


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