Ground surface subsidence as effect of underground mining of the thick coal seams in the Jiu valley basin / Osiadanie gruntów wskutek wybierania pokładów o dużej miąższości w kopalniach zagłębia w dolinie Jiu

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilie Onica ◽  
Dacian Marian
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Longwall Mining ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Surface Subsidence ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Elasto Plasticity ◽  
Ground Surface Subsidence ◽  
Time Dependent Analysis

Abstract In the case of the thick and gentle coal seam no. 3 of the Jiu Valley Coal Basin (Romania), the mining methods are by use of the longwall mining technologies with roof control by caving or top coal caving. In this paper, it is presented the analysis of the complex deformations of the ground surface, over time, as a consequence of the coal mining in certain mining fields of the basin. Also, it is analysed the ground surface subsidence phenomenon using the CESAR-LCPC finite element code. The modelling is made in the elasticity and the elasto-plasticity behaviour hypothesis. Also, the time dependent analysis of the ground surface deformation was achieved with the aid of an especial profile function. The obtained results are compared with the in situ measurements data basis.

Analysis of the Ground Surface Settlement of Metro Tunnel by Using Peck Formula

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Xiong Fei Yang ◽  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Jia Yu Wu ◽  
Hou Mei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Surface Subsidence ◽  
Central Point ◽  
Surface Settlement ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Linear Regression Method ◽  
Tunnel Excavation ◽  
Ground Surface Settlement ◽  
Ground Surface Subsidence

Based on the peck formula, this paper has analyzed measured data of ground surface subsidence, and get the regression curve of ground surface subsidence. Expression for degree of reliability of the maximum ground surface settlement is derived analytically by using central-point method. On the basis of a certain section of tunnel of Guangzhou subway constructed by mining excavation method, linear regression method can be effectively fitting the ground surface deformation data due to tunnel excavation. The central-point method provides a new way for reliability analysis of the ground surface settlement of shield construction.

scholarly journals Surface Subsidence Prognosis above an Underground Longwall Excavation and Based on 3D Point Cloud Analysis

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Pal ◽  
Janez Rošer ◽  
Milivoj Vulić
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Longwall Mining ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Surface Subsidence ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
And Control

Impacts of underground mining have been reduced by continuous environmental endeavors, scientific, and engineering research activities, whose main object is the behavior and control of the undermined rock mass and the subsequent surface subsidence. In the presented Velenje case of underground sublevel longwall mining where coal is being exploited both horizontal and vertical, backfilling processes and accompanying fracturing in the coal layer, and rock mass are causing uncontrolled subsidence of the surface above. 3D point clouds of the study were acquired in ten epochs and at excavation heights on the front were measured at the same epochs. By establishing a sectors layout in the observational area, smaller point clouds were obtained, to which planes were fitted and centroids of these planes then calculated. Centroid heights were analyzed with the FNSE model to estimate the time of consolidation and modified according to excavation parameters to determine total subsidence after a certain period. Proposed prognosis approaches for estimating consolidation of active subsidence and long term surface environmental protection measures have been proposed and presented. The C2C analysis of distances between acquired 3D point clouds was used for identification of surface subsidence, reclamation areas and sink holes, and for validation of feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed prognosis.

Simulation and validation of long-term ground surface subsidence in continuous permafrost, western Arctic Canada

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Brendan O'Neill ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Surface Subsidence ◽  
Active Layer Thickness ◽  
Mackenzie Delta ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Nest Model ◽  
Elevation Changes ◽  
Ice Content ◽  
Ground Surface Subsidence

<p>Ground surface subsidence caused by the melt of excess ice is a key geomorphic process in permafrost regions. Subsidence can damage infrastructure, alter ecology and hydrology, and influence carbon cycling. The Geological Survey of Canada maintains a network of thaw tubes in northwestern Canada, which records annual thaw penetration, active-layer thickness, and ground surface elevation changes at numerous sites. Measurements from the early 1990s from 17 sites in the Mackenzie Delta area have highlighted persistent increases in thaw penetration in response to rising air temperatures. These increases in thaw penetration have been accompanied by significant ground surface subsidence (~5 to 20 cm) at 10 ice rich sites, with a median subsidence rate of 0.4 cm a<sup>-1</sup> (min: 0.2, max: 0.8 cm a<sup>-1</sup>). Here we present preliminary results comparing these long-term field data to simulations for two observation sites using the Northern Ecosystem Soil Temperature (NEST) model. NEST has been modified to include a routine that accounts for ground surface subsidence caused by the melt of excess ground ice. The excess ice content of upper permafrost in the simulations was estimated based on ratios between thaw penetration and subsidence measured at each thaw tube. The NEST simulations begin in 1901, and there is little ground surface subsidence until the 1980s. The simulated rate of ground surface subsidence increases in the 1990s. The modelled ground surface subsidence is in good agreement with the measured annual magnitudes and longer-term patterns over the measurement period from 1992 to 2017. This preliminary assessment indicates that the modified NEST model is capable of predicting gradual thaw subsidence in ice-rich permafrost environments over decadal timescales.</p>

scholarly journals LAND SUBSIDENCE MONITORING USING PS-InSAR TECHNIQUE FOR L-BAND SAR DATA

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B7 ◽  
pp. 995-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thapa ◽  
R. S. Chatterjee ◽  
K. B. Singh ◽  
D. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Subsidence Monitoring

Differential SAR-Interferometry (D-InSAR) is one of the potential source to measure land surface motion induced due to underground coal mining. However, this technique has many limitation such as atmospheric in homogeneities, spatial de-correlation, and temporal decorrelation. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry synthetic aperture radar (PS-InSAR) belongs to a family of time series InSAR technique, which utilizes the properties of some of the stable natural and anthropogenic targets which remain coherent over long time period. In this study PS-InSAR technique has been used to monitor land subsidence over selected location of Jharia Coal field which has been correlated with the ground levelling measurement. This time series deformation observed using PS InSAR helped us to understand the nature of the ground surface deformation due to underground mining activity.

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