scholarly journals University music teachers' exposure to noise and hearing loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
A. Delgado ◽  
F. Carvalho ◽  
R. B. Melo
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Brass Instruments ◽  
School Of Music ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Hearing Damage ◽  
High Sound

Musical instruments and singers' voices can reach high sound pressure values representing a risk to hearing health, which is of particular relevance for music teachers. Therefore, the potential risk of hearing damage among music teachers in a university school of music was assessed. Twenty teachers completed all phases of the study. Sound pressure levels were measured with a sound meter and daily noise exposure levels were computed and compared with legal reference values in force. Three types of hearing exams were administered to all teachers by health technicians. Most teachers (75%) were subjected to daily noise exposure levels below 80 dB(A). Teaching to play brass instruments appears to be the most risky activity. Only three subjects were diagnosed with noise-induced hearing loss, which cannot be exclusively ascribed to occupational activities because they are involved in extracurricular activities. Increased sample size and the use of noise dosimetry would have improved the study conclusions.

scholarly journals Sonar-induced temporary hearing loss in dolphins

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Aran Mooney ◽  
Paul E. Nachtigall ◽  
Stephanie Vlachos
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sound Exposure ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
Ocean Noise ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
High Sound

There is increasing concern that human-produced ocean noise is adversely affecting marine mammals, as several recent cetacean mass strandings may have been caused by animals' interactions with naval ‘mid-frequency’ sonar. However, it has yet to be empirically demonstrated how sonar could induce these strandings or cause physiological effects. In controlled experimental studies, we show that mid-frequency sonar can induce temporary hearing loss in a bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus ). Mild-behavioural alterations were also associated with the exposures. The auditory effects were induced only by repeated exposures to intense sonar pings with total sound exposure levels of 214 dB re: 1 μPa 2  s. Data support an increasing energy model to predict temporary noise-induced hearing loss and indicate that odontocete noise exposure effects bear trends similar to terrestrial mammals. Thus, sonar can induce physiological and behavioural effects in at least one species of odontocete; however, exposures must be of prolonged, high sound exposures levels to generate these effects.

Effects of Acoustic Treatment on Music Teachers' Exposure to Sound

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Kozłowski ◽  
Rafał Młyński
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Music Teachers ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
French Horn ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Percussion Instruments ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Teaching Music ◽  
Acoustic Treatment

Abstract In this study, music teachers' exposure to sound was tested by measuring the A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level (SPL), the A-weighted maximum SPL and the C-weighted peak SPL. Measurements were taken prior to and after acoustic treatment in four rooms during classes of trumpet, saxophone, French horn, trombone and percussion instruments. Results showed that acoustic treatment affects the exposure of music teachers to sound. Daily noise exposure levels (LEX, 8 h) for all teachers exceeded a limit of 85 dB while teaching music lessons prior to room treatment. It was found that the LEX, 8 h values ranged from 85.8 to 91.6 dB. The highest A-weighted maximum SPL and C-weighted peak SPL that music teachers were exposed to were observed with percussion instruments (LAmax = 110.4 dB and LCpeak = 138.0 dB). After the treatments, daily noise exposure level decreased by an average of 5.8, 3.2, 3.0, 4.2 and 4.5 dB, respectively, for the classes of trumpet, saxophone, French horn, trombone and drums, and did not exceed 85 dB in any case.

Design of Generator Acoustic Blanket and its Impact on Generator Cooling Performance

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tong
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Cooling Performance ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Blanket Design ◽  
High Sound

Abstract Generator noise is one of the primary concerns in generator designs. The most cost-effective way to deal with the noise issue is to incorporate the reduction of sound pressure level in an early design stage. Once a generator is manufactured, it is often expensive to modify the design for reducing noise levels. For old generators with high sound pressure levels, an effective method to lower the generator noise exposure is to employ acoustic blankets wrapped on the generator external surfaces. However, with the application of acoustic blankets, heat transfer through generator walls can be greatly reduced, leading to the higher generator core temperature and higher generator cooling load. This paper has addressed the design of generator acoustic blankets and its impact on generator cooling performance. The analysis has shown that the influence of acoustic blankets on the generator thermal performance is low or moderate. This suggests that the current acoustic blanket design is feasible. Results from this study have been used to optimize the blanket design.

scholarly journals O1B.4 Health effects of prenatal occupational noise exposure: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A5.3-A6
Author(s):  
Zara Ann Stokholm ◽  
Inge Brosbøl Iversen ◽  
Henrik Kolstad
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Occupational Noise ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Occupational Noise Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Exposure Levels

Current legislation and threshold limits for occupational noise exposure may not sufficiently account for higher vulnerability of the foetus. We conducted a systematic literature review and identified 20 relevant studies of prenatal noise exposure levels and health. Maternal tissues attenuate industrial noise by about 30 dB. The foetus responds the earliest to noise exposure from the 19th week of gestational age. There is some evidence of an increased risk of hearing loss at prenatal noise levels≥85 dBA (8 hour average) and little evidence at lower levels. Increased risks for preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age and congenital malformations are seen as single study findings at levels≥90 dBA. There is little evidence for how noise exposure may increase the risk of extra-auditive effects in the foetus. Methodological shortcomings and the scarce number of studies limit the conclusions that can be drawn. Still, we recommend pregnant women avoid working at noise levels≥85 dBA.

Temporary Threshold Shift from a Toy Cap Gun

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Marshall ◽  
John F. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sound Pressure Level ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Temporary Threshold Shift ◽  
Fixed Frequency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject

Temporary threshold shift resulting from exposure to one and five toy cap gun pistol shots was investigated using 11 normal-hearing adult subjects and one subject with a noise-induced hearing loss. The subjects fired the cap gun at arm’s length, and absolute thresholds at 4000 Hz were obtained before and after noise exposure by a fixed-frequency Bekesy technique. After exposure to one gunshot, five subjects showed a small TTS, five demonstrated no TTS, and two (including the subject with the hearing loss) exhibited negative TTS. No TTS occurred in any of the subjects after exposure to five shots. It was postulated that the small amount of TTS was due to the unexpectedly low sound pressure level produced by the cap gun and to the contraction of the middle ear muscles in some subjects prior to firing.

scholarly journals Occupational Noise Exposure of Traffic Enforcers in Selected Streets in the City of Manila

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Elinor R. Dulay ◽  
Ma. Danica Katrina P. Galvan ◽  
Rio Joana M. Puyaoan ◽  
Angel Abraham Y. Sison ◽  
Nicole S. Natanauan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Health Standards ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

Objective. The study aimed to evaluate the sound pressure levels of selected traffic enforcer sites in the City of Manila. Methods. A Brüel & Kjær Integrating Sound Level Meter type 2225 was used to measure sound pressure levels in dB(A) to estimate personal noise exposure of traffic enforcers designated at Quezon Boulevard near Quiapo Church and Recto – Rizal Avenue on a weekday and a weekend. Graphs were generated while appropriate measures were calculated for the noise exposure levels. The mean exposure levels were compared with the Philippine Occupational Safety and Health standards by computing the corresponding permissible exposure limit for each work shift using the Equal Energy Principle.17 Results. Noise exposure levels at Quezon Boulevard ranged from 75.0 dB(A) to 91.5 dB(A) with mean noise exposure level of 84.3 ± 3.7 dB(A) and 82.5 ± 2.6 dB(A) for the weekday AM and PM shift, respectively. The mean noise exposure level at Quezon Boulevard for the weekend AM shift was 82.4 ± 2.6, whereas 80.4 ± 2.8 for the PM shift. The noise exposure levels at Recto – Rizal Avenue ranged from 81.5 dB(A) to 99.3 dB(A) with mean noise exposure level of 86.7 ± 2.6 dB(A) and 86.0 ± 2.1 dB(A) for the weekday AM and PM shift, respectively. The mean noise exposure level at Recto – Rizal Avenue for the weekend AM shift was 86.7 ± 2.3, whereas 89.0 ± 4.0 for the PM shift. Conclusion. The study showed that traffic enforcers designated at Quezon Boulevard and Recto – Rizal Avenue are exposed to noise levels that do not exceed the Philippine Occupational Safety and Health standards.

Study of exposure-time dependence of formation of excessive risk of hearing loss

2020 ◽  
pp. 728-729
Author(s):  
L. V. Prokopenko ◽  
N. N. Courierov ◽  
A. V. Lagutina
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Excessive Risk

The study presents the results of studying the formation of excess risk under the action of noise during the length of service, depending on the level of noise exposure. Excess risk has linearly depending on the magnitude of the weighted sound pressure over a wide range of sound pressures.

Firecrackers Noise

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Noise ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Pressure Peak ◽  
Hearing Damage ◽  
High Sound

Fireworks are used all over the world to celebrate special occasions. Noise produced by firecrackers that are used to celebrate these occasions has been highlighted. This impulse type of noise can cause hearing damage. Noise measurements of firecrackers show that they produce high sound pressure peak levels. Typical firecracker impulse noise levels are given. Noise limits and measurement methods used for the fireworks in some countries are presented.

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