scholarly journals Farklı Tahıl Türlerinin Çinko Noksanlığına Karşı Duyarlılığının Belirlenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1571
Author(s):  
Ayfer Alkan Torun ◽  
Halil Erdem ◽  
İnci Tolay ◽  
Mustafa Bülent Torun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
The Subject

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is an important mineral nutrient problem that restricts the crop yield especially that of the cereals grown in calcareous soils. This study was carried out with the aim of testing the sensitivity of various cereal species consisting of bread (BDME-10, Bezostaja), durum (Kızıltan Ç-1252) and rye (Aslım) to Zn deficiency. In experiments carried out under greenhouse conditions plants were grown at two different Zn doses (Zn 0 and Zn 5 mg kg-1). When the plants were 44 days old, Zn deficiency symptoms were observed and scored for the severity of Zn deficiency according to 1-5 scale and the plants were harvested. With respect to the severity of Zn deficiency symptoms, the most severe symptoms were observed in the C-1252 (1.0) and Bezostaja (2.0) varieties while the least mild symptoms were observed in varieties of Aslım (4.0) and Kızıltan (3.0). A distinctive increase in shoot dry matter yield has been realized with Zn application which was highest in Ç-1252 (78.8%) and BDME-10 (52.5%) varieties. Greatly differential responses have been seen to Zn deficiency among cereal species and varieties within the same species. Symptomatically and with respect to dry matter yield while durum wheat was affected severely from Zn deficiency, bread wheat was affected moderately and rye has been seen to be affected least. According to the severity of Zn deficiency symptoms and plant growth cereals which are the subject of experiment have shown a rank as as Ç1252> BDME-10> Kızıltan> Bezostaya> Aslım.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF PLANT GROWTH INHIBITORS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SORGHUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1431-1440
Author(s):  
N. M. Abood ◽  
E. M. SHALAL ◽  
M. I. HAMDAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Growth Inhibitors ◽  
Plant Growth Inhibitors

Field experiment was carried out during the spring and fall seasons of 2019 at the Abu Ghraib Research Station of the Agricultural Research Office/ Ministry of Agriculture, was aimed to investigate the effect of plant growth inhibitors on growth and yield of several sorghum varieties .Randomized Complete Block Design within split plot arrangement with three replications was used. The main plot consists of three growth inhibitors (Cycocel, Ethiphon, and Mebiquat), which were added at stages six and eight leaf stage, in addition to the control treatment (distilled water only), the sub plot was included three cultivars (Mabrouk, Buhooth 70 and Giza 113). The results showed in both seasons significant interaction between cultivars and growth inhibitors in most of the studied traits. The plants of the variety Giza 113 sprayed with Ethiphon recorded the lowest period of reaching physiological maturity, the highest average dry matter yield, and the highest weight of 1000 grains (89.00 days, 17.32 ton ha-1, and 39.33 gm) respectively. The same variety recorded the highest content of chlorophyll in the leaves and the highest grain yield due to the effect of Mebiquat (49.50 spad, 3.93 ton ha-1. The cultivar Buhooth 70 with the effect of Cycocel achieved the highest average of dry matter yield of 33.27 ton ha-1.

Influence of Farm Yard Manure, Farm Yard Manure + Urea, and Urea on Crop Yield in Prishnaparni (Uraria picta Desv. ex DC.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Usha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT To evaluate the effect of farm yard manure (FYM) alone, FYM + urea, and urea alone on the growth and yield of Uraria picta Desv. ex DC. with two physicochemically different soils of Bundelkhand region, pot experiment was conducted during 2010 to 2011 and 2014 to 2015. FYM + urea applied in 50:50 ratio of nitrogen (N) gave best results as compared with the other treatments for crop yield in both the types of soils. Highest dry matter yield of 18.62 gm/pot was obtained during the year 2010 to 2011 and 24.33 gm/pot was obtained during the year 2014 to 2015 when FYM + urea was treated in black soil. The FYM alone and urea alone yielded dry matter of 16.03 gm/pot and 15.55 gm/pot respectively, during the year 2010 to 2011. Trends for the increase in dry matter yield were similar during both the years of study. In red soil also, dry matter yield was highest (10.23 gm/pot) during the year 2010 to 2011 and (14.33 gm/pot) 2014 to 2015 when FYM + urea was applied. The FYM + urea in 50:50 ratio is the best for the growth of Uraria picta. Desv. ex DC. How to cite this article Kiran U. Influence of Farm Yard Manure, Farm Yard Manure + Urea, and Urea on Crop Yield in Prishnaparni (Uraria picta Desv. ex DC.). J Drug Res Ayurvedic Sci 2017;2(1):30-33.

scholarly journals Hydrocyanic acid content and growth rate of sorghum x sudangrass hybrid during fall

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Flávia Fernanda Simili ◽  
Maria Lúcia Pereira Lima ◽  
Maria Izabel Merino de Medeiros ◽  
Claudia Cristina Paro de Paz ◽  
Ana Claudia Ruggieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Second Year

In central Brazil after soybean or other annual agricultural species is harvested, sorghum hybrids are planted in the fall in order to establish pastures for grazing animals. This study conducted for two consecutive years aimed at quantifying the contents of hydrocyanic acid in the leaves and determining plant height, forage dry matter yield and the leaf/stem ratio for sorghum hybrid 1P400 at different ages. Statistical analysis was performed by regression analysis based on plant age. Leaf HCN content decreased with plant growth, ranging from 205.0 and 230.3 mg HCN/100 g leaf DM at two weeks old to 5.9 and 6.1 mg HCN/100 g leaf DM at five weeks old in the first and second year, respectively. The average heights measured varied from 60 and 56 cm, in the 4th week, to 117 and 151 cm, in the 8th week, during the first and second experimental year, respectively. Forage mass increased linearly with age and displayed average of 1.411 and 1.637 kg DM/ha in the first year and, 2.905 and 3.640 kg DM/ha in the second year, during the 7th and 8th week, respectively. Leaf proportion decreased while stem increased linearly with plant age. The leaf/stem ratio decreased with plant growth, elongation and increasing stem weight. The sorghum hybrid should be grazed only after five weeks or when the plant height is above 80 cm, in order to avoid the risk of cyanide poisoning.

scholarly journals POTENSI BAKTERI ENDOFIT DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI, DAN KANDUNGAN ANDROGRAFOLID PADA TANAMAN SAMBILOTO

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSMAINI GUSMAINI ◽  
SANDRA ARIFIN AZIZ ◽  
ABDUL MUNIF ◽  
DIDY SOPANDIE ◽  
NURLIANI BERMAWIE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Yield

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Bakteri endofit hidup di dalam jaringan tanaman yang sehat dan<br />berperan antara lain di dalam memacu pertumbuhan tanaman dengan<br />menghasilkan senyawa-senyawa zat pengatur tumbuh, seperti IAA, GA 3 ,<br />dan Sitokinin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi potensi bakteri<br />endofit dalam  meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kadar<br />andrografolid pada tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca<br />Balittro Cimanggu Bogor pada Oktober 2011–Mei 2012. Perlakuan<br />disusun mengikuti Rancangan Acak Kelompok, enam perlakuan dan<br />empat ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari (1) kontrol, dan perlakuan bakteri<br />endofit yaitu (2) 20BB, (3) 5MD, (4) 20BD, (5) 20CD (perlakuan 2-5<br />masing-masing terdiri dari 4 jenis isolat), dan (6) 90AA (isolat tunggal).<br />Suspensi bakteri endofit (50 ml/tanaman) diberikan 4 kali yaitu pada<br />minggu ke 3, 5, 7, dan 9 setelah tanam dengan konsentrasi 10 10 spk/ml.<br />Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit berpengaruh postif<br />dan nyata dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi herba segar dan<br />kering serta andrografolid pada tanaman sambiloto lebih baik<br />dibandingkan kontrol. Peningkatan pertumbuhan tertinggi ditunjukkan<br />pada tinggi tanaman dan jumlah cabang primer yaitu masing-masing<br />24,7% (20 CD) dan 42,2% (20 BB). Produksi herba kering meningkat 25-<br />82,81%, sejalan dengan meningkatnya serapan hara N (64,7-158,8%), P<br />(50-100%), dan K (65-155%). Peningkatan produksi herba kering dan<br />andrografolid terbaik diperoleh dari penggunaan 20 CD (82,81 dan<br />142,11%), 20 BB (88,75 dan 131,58%), dan 20 BD (65,63 dan 131,58%).<br />Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini bahwa bakteri endofit berpotensi untuk<br />dikembangkan pada budidaya tanaman sambiloto.<br />Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, bakteri endofit, andrografolid,<br />pertumbuhan, produksi</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Endophytic bacteria live within healthy plant tissue and play<br />important roles, such as producing compounds of plant growth regulators<br />substances such as IAA, GA 3 , and Cytokinin. The aims of this research is<br />to evaluate the potential of endophytic bacteria to promote the growth,<br />andrographolide content, and dry matter yield of king of bitter. The<br />research was conducted in the greenhouse of Cimanggu Balittro in October<br />2011-May 2012. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete<br />block design with six treatments and four replications. Treatments consist<br />of (1) control, and 5 kinds of endophytic bacteria isolates such as (2)<br />20BB, (3) 5MD, (4) 20BD, (5) 20CD (treatments no.2-5, consisted of 4<br />types of isolate), and (6) 90AA (single isolate). The highest presentage of<br />plant height and number of primary branches were obtained from the<br />treatment of 20CD (24.7%) and 20BB (42.2%). Increase in the dry herb<br />yield of 25-82.81% was in agreement with increasing in uptake of N (64.7-<br />158.8%), P (50-100%), and K (65-155%). The best treatment with which<br />yielding high of dry herbs and andrographolide was 20CD isolates (82.81<br />and 142.11%), followed with 20 BB (88.75 and 131.58%), and 20 BD<br />(65.63 and 131.58%). The study implies that endophytic bacteria have<br />potential for development of king of bitter cultivation.<br />Key words: Andrographis paniculata, endophytic bacteria, androgra-<br />pholide, growth, yield</p>

PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING BACTERIA EFFECTS ON DRY MATTER YIELD IN HIGH ELEVATION RANGELANDS OF TURKEY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmut DAŞCI ◽  
N. Zeynep YILDIRIM ◽  
M. Kerim GÜLLAP ◽  
Binali ÇOMAKLI ◽  
Ramazan ÇAKMAKÇI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

scholarly journals Calcium-activated Root Growth and Mineral Nutrient Accumulation of Lupinus havardii: Ecophysiological and Horticultural Significance

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Picchioni ◽  
M. Valenzuela-Vazquez ◽  
S. Armenta-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Greenhouse Production

Lupinus havardii Wats. (Big Bend bluebonnet) has received considerable attention as a new specialty cut flower crop. We studied the consequences of Ca fertigation on growth, water use, and mineral nutrient uptake of L. havardii (`Texas Sapphire') for 88 days in a greenhouse. Four Ca concentrations were included (as CaCl2) in the fertigation solution at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 mm. Calcium supply did not affect the number of racemes produced per plant or total dry matter accumulation per plant. However, root dry matter accumulation, root: shoot ratio, net root mineral nutrient accumulation (milligrams P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe per plant; micrograms Mn, B, and Cu per plant), and the preferential allocation of mineral nutrients to roots were influenced quadratically by CaCl2 supply, increasing up to 5.0 mm CaCl2 and then decreasing at 10.0 mm CaCl2. Lack of root sink response by plants exposed to 10.0 mm CaCl2 was associated with lowest daily rate of pot evapotranspiration, probably resulting from osmotic or Cl toxicity stress. Increased root sink strength for dry matter and mineral nutrients in response to CaCl2 supply up to 5.0 mm Ca is consistent with calcicole-like behavior and the native distribution of L. havardii on xeric, calcareous soils, where root growth and expansion favoring water and mineral nutrient acquisition may be of significant adaptive value for survival. The Carelated increase in root growth was reflected in up to a 5% to 20% increase in fertilizer P and K recovery per plant. Results indicate that Ca fertilization may be an effective horticultural strategy in greenhouse production of L. havardii, particularly for matching the natural edaphic habitat of the species and thus increasing efficiency of water and mineral nutrient management.

scholarly journals Study of genetic diversity in different wheat species with various genomes based on morphological characteristics and zinc use efficiency under two zinc-deficient growing conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid ABDOLI ◽  
Ezatollah ESFANDIARI ◽  
Aliasghar ALILOO ◽  
Behzad SADEGHZADEH ◽  
Seyed-Bahman MOUSAVI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Zn Efficiency ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Growing Conditions

Screening of cash crops to tolerate and grow under low levels of micronutrients is important issue in the plant breeding programs. Thus, the study screened the tolerance of 50 wheat genotypes to zinc (Zn) deficiency in the calcareous soil. The Zn treatment was carried out with application of 5 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> (+Zn) and without (-Zn) to the collected soils with initial Zn extractable of 0.5 mg Zn kg<sup>-1</sup> soil. The results revealed that the supplementary application significantly increased shoot dry matter, shoot Zn concentration and shoot Zn content compared to the without Zn application (control), but Zn utilization decreased under Zn application. There was considerable genetic variation in Zn efficiency (55 - 118 %), shoot Zn concentration (11.8 - 27.0 and 14.3 - 39.6 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> DM under deficient and sufficient Zn, respectively), shoot Zn content (0.56 - 2.02 and 0.90 - 2.83 µg plant<sup>-1</sup>, under deficient and sufficient Zn, respectively) and Zn utilization efficiency (39 - 87.2 and 31.2 - 71.5 mg DM µg<sup>-1</sup> Zn under deficient and sufficient Zn, respectively) within wheat genotypes. Cluster analysis based on Zn efficiency, and shoot dry matter at deficient and adequate Zn conditions classified the genotypes into four clusters. Over the two conditions, the most Zn-efficient and Zn-unefficient genotypes were ‘Ankara-98’ and ‘Altintoprak-98’ and ‘Pg"S’ and ‘Zarin’, respectively. Most durum genotypes had a greater Zn efficiency than modern bread wheat genotypes, therefore these genotypes could be effectively used to breed the new cultivars with high Zn efficiency for calcareous soils.

Productivity, relative yield and plant growth of forage corn intercroppedwith soybean under different crop combination ratio

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Baghdadi ◽  
Ridzwan A. Halim ◽  
Radziah Othman ◽  
Martini Mohammad Yusof ◽  
Ali Reza Mahdavi Atashgahi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Relative Yield Total ◽  
Yield Values

An experiment was carried out to evaluate influence of different crop combination ratios of corn and soybean in terms of forage yield in corn-soybean intercropping. The experiment compared both corn and soybean as monocultures and in different intercropping ratios from 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25 of corn to soybean. The crop combination ratio had significant effects on physiological traits and dry matter yield of forage. The ratio of 75:25 and 50:50 recorded DM yields similar to those of monocropped corn (14.77 t/ha). Relative yield total (RYT) values of intercropping were higher than that of monocrop corn and soybean. Mixtures with 50:50 combination ratio had higher mean total relative yield values (1.15) in comparison with the other ratios. Land equivalent ratio (LER) increased with corn-soybean intercropping and the highest total LER value was recorded with 50:50 ratio (1.13). The crop ratio of 50:50 gave the best combination based on DM yield, relative yield, LER of the combined forage.

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