scholarly journals Bal Arılarının Koşullu Şartlandırılmasında Kullanılan Doygun Atmosfer Spreyi ve Dokunma Yöntemlerinin Dil Çıkarma Refleksi (PER) Üzerine Etkileri

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Alaeddin Yörük ◽  
Halil Yeninar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Conditioning Chamber ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Saturated Atmosphere ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Head Level ◽  
Worker Bee

It has been done conditioning experience by observing proboscis eject reflections (PER) and sting ejections (SER) on honey bees. Today, many scientists have showed that honey bees can be used by conditioning for the determination of events such as narcotics, mines, diseases, magnetic fields in the experiment (test). Saturated atmosphere spray and touching methods have been mostly used for studying of proboscis eject reflections (PER). This study was done with different honey bee races and ecotypes and in this study, aromatic plant extract containing 50 cc of atmospheric scent were used for saturated atmosphere sprey's conditioning method. The worker bees in the conditioning chamber have been presented by injecting to head level from the 5 centimeter distance approximately in 3 seconds and then they have been rewarded with a syrup mixture of containing a split a (1/1 w/w) sugar and water. In the touching conditioning method, by the touching of worker – bee, antennas with a wooden toothpick dips to oil aromatic plant extract. A single toothpick has been used for every worker bee that has been recorded whether it has showed or not proboscis eject reflections (PER) by repeating tree times of these processes with a quarter breaks. In the experiment, it has been observed that all the races and ecotypes of honey bees used in the experiment have showed conditioning in both two methods in the statistical analysis of the recorded data. An important difference has been observed in the conditioning and remembering among the application methods. At the end of the experiment, it has been observed that touching application has more conditioning and remembering rates than saturated spray application in conditioning and remembering. In statistical meaning, these two applications have occurred in two different groups.

Are Non-Target Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Exposed to Dinotefuran From Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Trap Trees?

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 2993-2996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Underwood ◽  
Brian Breeman ◽  
Joseph Benton ◽  
Jason Bielski ◽  
Julie Palkendo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quechers Method ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Lycorma Delicatula ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Worker Bee

Abstract The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula, is an introduced plant hopper that causes significant damage to host plants in the United States. Because of its affinity for tree of heaven, Ailanthus altissima, control efforts have focused on the use of the systemic insecticide, dinotefuran, in designated trap trees. There is concern about exposure to this pesticide by non-target species, especially honey bees, Apis mellifera, via lanternfly honeydew. Therefore, honey bee colonies were established in areas of high densities of trap trees and samples of honey, bees, and beeswax were collected in May, July, and October of 2017 for analysis. Samples were extracted by the QuEChERS method and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry to determine the presence and quantity of dinotefuran. Additionally, honeydew from lanternflies was analyzed for dinotefuran and informal observations of trap tree visitors were made. None of the worker bee, wax, or honey samples indicated detectable levels of dinotefuran; however, honeydew samples collected did contain dinotefuran above the detection limit with amounts ranging from 3 to 100 ng per sample. The lack of dinotefuran in honey bee products matches the general absence of honey bees at trap trees in informal observations.

scholarly journals Determination of the effect of some pesticides on honey bees

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Ahmed Karahan ◽  
Mehmet Ali Kutlu ◽  
İsmail Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees

Gross Morphological and Sex Wise Morphometrical Studies on Mandible of Adult Blue Bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sathapathy ◽  
B.S. Dhote ◽  
S.K. Bharti ◽  
I. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Average Length ◽  
T Test ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Mandibular Notch ◽  
Horizontal Ramus ◽  
Wild Life

Background: The Blue bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus) is one of the biggest antelopes in Asia and is widely distributed in both the forests and adjoining villages with enough green grass.Methods: The present study was carried out on the mandible of six specimens of adult Blue bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus) of either sex. The biometrical parameters were measured by scale, graduated tape and digital Vernier’s caliper. The statistical analysis of the recorded data was done by independent samples t-Test with Systat Software Inc, USA and SPSS 16.0 version software.Result: The mandible of Blue bull consisted of two rami, i.e. horizontal and vertical rami. The two halves of this bone fused incompletely at the mandibular symphysis, situated at the midline. The average length of horizontal ramus of mandible was found to be 24.7±1.02 cm in female, which was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than that of males, where it was recorded as 35.4±1.97 cm. Similarly, the average thickness of vertical ramus at the base was found to be 0.53±0.001 cm in female, which was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than that of males, where it was recorded as 0.80±0.002 cm. The average cranio-caudal length of mandibular notch was found to be 1.32±0.01 cm in female, which was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than that of males, where it was recorded as 1.44±0.02 cm. Most of the biometrical observations on different parameters of mandible of Blue bull were having significantly (P less than 0.05) more values in males than females. Conclusion: Most of the biometrical observations on different parameters of mandible of Blue bull were having significantly (p less than 0.05) more values in males than females. The present gross and biometrical studies would be useful to the wild life professionals for determination of sex of this animal and solving vetero-legal cases related with this species.

Determination of Carbaryl Residues in Honey Bees

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-774
Author(s):  
D P Johnson ◽  
H A Stansbury
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Yellow Substance ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract A method has been developed for detecting residues of carbaryl (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate) as well as its hydrolysis product, 1-naphthol, in dead bees. The method is based on extraction of the bees with benzene, followed by a cleanup involving liquid partitioning and chromatography on Florisil. The quantitative determination involves hydrolysis of carbaryl to 1-naphthol and coupling of the latter with p-nitrobenzenediazonium fluoborate in acetic acid to form a yellow substance. For separate analysis, free 1-naphthol is separated from methylene chloride into a basic aqueous solution. The sensitivity of the method is about 0.1 ppm; recoveries averaged 85.6 ± 6.6% for 1- naphthol and 83.8 ± 2.7% for carbaryl.

Past, present, and future of geophysical inversion—A new millennium analysis

Geophysics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Treitel ◽  
Larry Lines
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Inversion Process ◽  
Geophysical Inversion ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
Theory To Practice ◽  
Rough Model ◽  
Recorded Data

Geophysicists have been working on solutions to the inverse problem since the dawn of our profession. An interpreter infers subsurface properties on the basis of observed data sets, such as seismograms or potential field recordings. A rough model of the process that produces the recorded data resides within the interpreter’s brain; the interpreter then uses this rough mental model to reconstruct subsurface properties from the observed data. In modern parlance, the inference of subsurface properties from observed data is identified with the solution of a so‐called “inverse problem.” In contrast, the “forward problem” consists of the determination of the data that would be recorded for a given subsurface configuration and under the assumption that given laws of physics hold. Until the early 1960s, geophysical inversion was carried out almost exclusively within the geophysicist’s brain. Since then, we have learned to make the geophysical inversion process much more quantitative and versatile by recourse to a growing body of theory, along with the computer power to reduce this theory to practice. We should point out the obvious, however, namely that no theory and no computer algorithm can presumably replace the ultimate arbiter who decides whether the results of an inversion make sense or nonsense: the geophysical interpreter. Perhaps our descendants writing a future third Millennium review article can report that a machine has been solving the inverse problem without a human arbiter. For the time being, however, what might be called “unsupervised geophysical inversion” remains but a dream.

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