scholarly journals Technical Trend and New Technologies of the Bearings for Machine Tool

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 913-916
Author(s):  
Mitsuho AOKI ◽  
Shinya NAKAMURA
Author(s):  
Ju. G. Odegov ◽  
A. P. Garnov ◽  
E. V. Loginova

The article studies history of Russian machine-tool building, analyzes the current situation in this industry and shows prospects of its development. It provides intermediary results of import-substitution policy. We can say that dependence on import has declined, but it is still high. Industry products have low competitiveness both on foreign and home market. The authors show key problems of Russian machine-tool building industry: shortage of new, advanced equipment; deficit of investment resources; high import dependence; serious fragmentation. They identify factors influencing the establishment of modern material production, in particular fast spreading of new technologies, effective and continuous increase in knowledge-intensity of material production, etc. The authors pay attention to the fact that in global machine-tool building two revolutions took place during the last 20–30 years, they are technical and institutional. As a result of the 1st revolution the nature of machines, technology of their production and use changed; as a result of the 2nd one – the way of market organization of machine-tool building products. Russian machine-tool building industry had to catch up with other participants of the market. The authors formulated recommendations aimed at upgrading the procedure of developing machine-tool building clusters. Theypropose to set up a system of integrators that will be able to consolidate market suggestions of Russian machine-tool builders and supply to customers finished production sections and lines.


Author(s):  
Alexander Dietrich ◽  
Ron Van de Sand ◽  
Jörg Reiff-Stephan

Small and medium-sized companies increasingly turning their attention towards the fourth industrial revolution. In order to increase their own long-term competitiveness, there is a growing desire to make production smarter, more efficient, safer and more sustainable through new technologies. Often, however, existing plants cannot be easily replaced by modern equipment. The reasons for this can be high investment costs, excessive downtimes or the unavailability of an equivalent machine. An alternative solution to the purchase of new equipment is the modernisation or expansion of existing systems, also called retrofitting. Thus, this paper deals with the retrofit process of a machine tool, whereby the software architecture of the control unit is the primary concern of this work.


10.6036/10244 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 612-619
Author(s):  
Miriam Ugarte Querejeta ◽  
LEIRE ETXEBERRIA ELORZA ◽  
GOIURIA SAGARDUI MENDIETA ◽  
GORKA UNAMUNO EGUREN ◽  
IÑIGO BEDIAGA ESCUDERO

Virtual commissioning has acquired a major interest with the introduction of Industry 4.0. It is demonstrated that virtual commissioning can significantly reduce the commissioning time, error rate and costs. However, industry is still experiencing difficulties with the integration of these new technologies. This paper is one of the first empirical surveys conducted in the industry that aims at understanding the challenges and current practices with respect to virtual commissioning, with special focus on the machine tool manufacturing sector. The survey contextualizes the practice of virtual commissioning and the digital twin in industry, and benchmarks the results with academia, in which main gaps are identified. Keywords: empirical survey, virtual commissioning, digital twin, machine tool manufacturing, testing


Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters

Only recently it became possible to expand scanning electron microscopy to low vacuum and atmospheric pressure through the introduction of several new technologies. In principle, only the specimen is provided with a controlled gaseous environment while the optical microscope column is kept at high vacuum. In the specimen chamber, the gas can generate new interactions with i) the probe electrons, ii) the specimen surface, and iii) the specimen-specific signal electrons. The results of these interactions yield new information about specimen surfaces not accessible to conventional high vacuum SEM. Several microscope types are available differing from each other by the maximum available gas pressure and the types of signals which can be used for investigation of specimen properties.Electrical non-conductors can be easily imaged despite charge accumulations at and beneath their surface. At high gas pressures between 10-2 and 2 torr, gas molecules are ionized in the electrical field between the specimen surface and the surrounding microscope parts through signal electrons and, to a certain extent, probe electrons. The gas provides a stable ion flux for a surface charge equalization if sufficient gas ions are provided.


2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1247-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Dyla ◽  
Sara Basse Hansen ◽  
Poul Nissen ◽  
Magnus Kjaergaard

Abstract P-type ATPases transport ions across biological membranes against concentration gradients and are essential for all cells. They use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to propel large intramolecular movements, which drive vectorial transport of ions. Tight coordination of the motions of the pump is required to couple the two spatially distant processes of ion binding and ATP hydrolysis. Here, we review our current understanding of the structural dynamics of P-type ATPases, focusing primarily on Ca2+ pumps. We integrate different types of information that report on structural dynamics, primarily time-resolved fluorescence experiments including single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer and molecular dynamics simulations, and interpret them in the framework provided by the numerous crystal structures of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase. We discuss the challenges in characterizing the dynamics of membrane pumps, and the likely impact of new technologies on the field.


2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Fellmeth ◽  
Kim S. McKim

Abstract While many of the proteins involved in the mitotic centromere and kinetochore are conserved in meiosis, they often gain a novel function due to the unique needs of homolog segregation during meiosis I (MI). CENP-C is a critical component of the centromere for kinetochore assembly in mitosis. Recent work, however, has highlighted the unique features of meiotic CENP-C. Centromere establishment and stability require CENP-C loading at the centromere for CENP-A function. Pre-meiotic loading of proteins necessary for homolog recombination as well as cohesion also rely on CENP-C, as do the main scaffolding components of the kinetochore. Much of this work relies on new technologies that enable in vivo analysis of meiosis like never before. Here, we strive to highlight the unique role of this highly conserved centromere protein that loads on to centromeres prior to M-phase onset, but continues to perform critical functions through chromosome segregation. CENP-C is not merely a structural link between the centromere and the kinetochore, but also a functional one joining the processes of early prophase homolog synapsis to late metaphase kinetochore assembly and signaling.


2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Hey ◽  
Panagiota Anastasopoulou ◽  
André Bideaux ◽  
Wilhelm Stork

Ambulatory assessment of emotional states as well as psychophysiological, cognitive and behavioral reactions constitutes an approach, which is increasingly being used in psychological research. Due to new developments in the field of information and communication technologies and an improved application of mobile physiological sensors, various new systems have been introduced. Methods of experience sampling allow to assess dynamic changes of subjective evaluations in real time and new sensor technologies permit a measurement of physiological responses. In addition, new technologies facilitate the interactive assessment of subjective, physiological, and behavioral data in real-time. Here, we describe these recent developments from the perspective of engineering science and discuss potential applications in the field of neuropsychology.


2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-439
Author(s):  
Michele Knobel
Keyword(s):  

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