NEM schemes analysis based on installed grid-connected PV system for residential sector in Malaysia

Most of the nation demand is from the residential sector. Thus, the objective of this paper is to supply the required energy from the same demand point from the solar PV installed in the residential sector that is technically feasible for the given sector. The survey is conveyed on Star Homes(Residential Sector) situated at Sitapaila, Kathmandu. The total potential for installation of PV on useable areas of the rooftop of Stars Homes is calculated to be 253.2 kWp. For the comparative analysis in this paper, the isolated PV system is designed/ analysed using PV-SYST and the grid tied PV including/excluding battery is designed/analysed using SAM(System Advisory Model) software for one of the Type 1 home with annual demand of 2208 kWh. In grid interactive PV system with battery, the peak shaving and backup power during outage is facilitated and also the excess energy is supplied to the grid as well.Theenergy generated from the designed system for type I system with 3.9 kWp grid tied system is 6483 kWh and with 3.9 kWp grid interactive system with battery size of 5.2kWh Lithium Ion is 6454 kWh annually. Similarly, energy generated from designed system of standalone with 1.62 kWp PV and battery size26V, 322Ah system is 3066.6 kWhannually out of which 795kWh is lost annually due to full battery charged conditions. The LCOE considering 25 years life time with 7.5 % loan interest for 15 years for type I with standalone system is 21 cents/kWh, grid tied PV system is 4.94 cents/kWh and with grid tied PV battery system is 6.73 cents/kWh. The peak shaving obtained from the grid tied with battery system compared to the grid tied system is 0.8 kW. The net saving on electricity bill for grid tied system is 516$ and for grid tied system with battery is 526$ annually considering net metering.

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Income Maximisation in a Maltese Household Photovoltaic System by Means of Output and Consumption Simulations

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14237934 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (23) ◽

pp. 7934

Author(s):

Daniele Zingariello ◽

Marija Demicoli ◽

Luciano Mule’ Stagno

Keyword(s):

Electricity Generation ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

Photovoltaic System ◽

Pv System ◽

Residential Sector ◽

Pv Systems ◽

Maltese Islands ◽

High Consumption ◽

Inclination Angles

The installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems in the Maltese Islands plays an important role in allowing Malta to increase its share in renewable energy to meet the set European Union targets. In the Maltese residential sector, PV systems are generally installed on rooftops of households with a south-facing orientation and a 30° inclination angle. The scope of this study is to present a methodology to maximise the income for residents from electricity generated, by comparing the output of electricity generation with the electricity consumption patterns of different household types and consequently identifying the most favourable installation configurations of these PV systems. The research was carried out by simulating the monthly electricity generation of a 3 kilowatt-peak PV system for a year, as well as the hourly electricity generation for a day in each season of the year using the PVsyst software package. A total of 21 configurations were studied by altering the orientation and inclination angles used to install the PV system. This study confirms that a south-facing PV system inclined at 30° generates the most electricity in a year. However, when compared with electricity consumption patterns of low-, medium- and high-consumption households, it is shown that a south-facing PV system inclined at 40° provides a better income for residents.

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Operation experiences of the PV system of an office building utilising environmental energy

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/51/2086 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 179-182

Author(s):

Imre Török

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Short Description ◽

Office Building ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Important Research ◽

Total Energy Consumption ◽

Pv System ◽

Research Directions ◽

Residential Sector

One of the most important research directions in the building sector is reducing the energy consumption. In Hungary the residential sector is the biggest energy consumer with 40% from the total energy consumption of the country. One possibility to decrease the energy consumption is using renewable energy sources. In this work I show a short description of PV cells and some measurements.

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04/00769 Technoeconomic assessment of a building-integrated PV system for electrical energy saving in residential sector

Fuel and Energy Abstracts ◽

10.1016/s0140-6701(04)93151-7 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 101

Keyword(s):

Energy Saving ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Pv System ◽

Residential Sector

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Influence of FIT Rate on the Adoption of Residential PV System in China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.121 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 805-806 ◽

pp. 121-124

Author(s):

Qiong Wu ◽

Hong Bo Ren ◽

Wei Jun Gao ◽

Jian Xing Ren

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Energy Technology ◽

Pv System ◽

Fossil Energy ◽

Promotion Policy ◽

Residential Sector ◽

Payback Time ◽

Simulation Results ◽

The Cost

The energy consumption in residential sector is increasing rapidly these years in China. The searching for a substitute for fossil energy sources has increased the interest in photovoltaic (PV) system as a friendly and reliable energy technology. In this study, as a promotion policy for PV system, the suitable feed-in tariff (FIT) rates are calculated assuming the cost payback time is within twenty years. Five cities, Harbin, Beijing, Shanghai, Kunming and Guangzhou located in different climate areas in China are selected for study. According to the simulation results, except Shanghai, the optimal FIT rate is close to the grid electricity rate especially in Beijing when there is no subsidy; on the other hand, the optimal FIT rates based on a 1/3 subsidy are less than the situation without a subsidy especially in Shanghai, the optimal FIT rate even reaches to zero when partly access to the grid.

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