scholarly journals Incremental Elicitation of Rank-Dependent Aggregation Functions based on Bayesian Linear Regression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadjet Bourdache ◽  
Patrice Perny ◽  
Olivier Spanjaard
Keyword(s):  
Weighted Averages ◽  
Numerical Tests ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Aggregation Functions ◽  
Preference Queries ◽  
Bayesian Linear Regression ◽  
Choquet Integrals ◽  
Weighting Coefficients ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Support

We introduce a new model-based incremental choice procedure for multicriteria decision support, that interleaves the analysis of the set of alternatives and the elicitation of weighting coefficients that specify the role of criteria in rank-dependent models such as ordered weighted averages (OWA) and Choquet integrals.  Starting from a prior distribution on the set of weighting parameters, we propose an adaptive elicitation approach based on the minimization of the expected regret to iteratively generate preference queries. The answers of the Decision Maker are used to revise the current distribution until a solution can be recommended with sufficient confidence. We present numerical tests showing the interest of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals High Ripple-Density Resolution for Discriminating Between Rippled and Nonrippled Signals: Effect of Temporal Processing or Combination Products?

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 233121652110101
Author(s):  
Dmitry I. Nechaev ◽  
Olga N. Milekhina ◽  
Marina S. Tomozova ◽  
Alexander Y. Supin
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Noise Signal ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Masker Level ◽  
Reference Signals ◽  
Forced Choice Procedure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Density Resolution

The goal of the study was to investigate the role of combination products in the higher ripple-density resolution estimates obtained by discrimination between a spectrally rippled and a nonrippled noise signal than that obtained by discrimination between two rippled signals. To attain this goal, a noise band was used to mask the frequency band of expected low-frequency combination products. A three-alternative forced-choice procedure with adaptive ripple-density variation was used. The mean background (unmasked) ripple-density resolution was 9.8 ripples/oct for rippled reference signals and 21.8 ripples/oct for nonrippled reference signals. Low-frequency maskers reduced the ripple-density resolution. For masker levels from −10 to 10 dB re. signal, the ripple-density resolution for nonrippled reference signals was approximately twice as high as that for rippled reference signals. At a masker level as high as 20 dB re. signal, the ripple-density resolution decreased in both discrimination tasks. This result leads to the conclusion that low-frequency combination products are not responsible for the task-dependent difference in ripple-density resolution estimates.

scholarly journals Decision Optimization of Machine Sets Taking Into Consideration Logical Tree Minimization of Design Guidelines

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Deptuła ◽  
M.A. Partyka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Model ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Decision Optimization ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Logical Tree ◽  
Weighting Coefficients ◽  
Logical Functions

Abstract The method of minimization of complex partial multi-valued logical functions determines the degree of importance of construction and exploitation parameters playing the role of logical decision variables. Logical functions are taken into consideration in the issues of modelling machine sets. In multi-valued logical functions with weighting products, it is possible to use a modified Quine - McCluskey algorithm of multi-valued functions minimization. Taking into account weighting coefficients in the logical tree minimization reflects a physical model of the object being analysed much better

scholarly journals Involvement of the Anterior Commissure in Early Glottic Cancer (Tis-T2): A Review of the Literature

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Hendriksma ◽  
Elisabeth V. Sjögren
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Glottic Cancer ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Early Glottic Cancer ◽  
Weighted Averages ◽  
Detailed Classification ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of the anterior commissure (AC) involvement on prognosis in laryngeal cancer remains a topic of discussion with inconsistent results in the literature. This review examines AC involvement as a prognostic factor in patients with early glottic cancer (Tis–T2) treated with radiotherapy or transoral laser microsurgery (TLM). Methods: A systematic literature search was performed. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, no meta-analysis was implemented. Weighted averages were calculated if the appropriate data were extractable. Results: Thirty-four studies on radiotherapy and 23 on TLM fit the inclusion criteria. The majority of studies for both radiotherapy (67.7%) and TLM (75.0%) did not report a significant impact on oncological outcomes. Weighted averages were slightly lower in patients with AC involvement. The two studies that applied a more detailed classification showed a significant impact on the amount of AC involvement. Conclusions: Binary variables (yes/no) for AC involvement lead to inconsistent results. Studies that use more detailed classifications of the AC show that there is a significant impact on the outcome. To further elucidate the role of the AC, detailed stratification of tumors involving the AC need to be investigated in further studies for both treatment modalities.

scholarly journals Trust and manipulation in social networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANUEL FÖRSTER ◽  
ANA MAULEON ◽  
VINCENT J. VANNETELBOSCH
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Information Aggregation ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Opinion Leadership ◽  
Weighted Averages

AbstractWe investigate the role of manipulation in boundedly rational opinion dynamics. Agents are subject to persuasion bias and repeatedly communicate with their neighbors in a social network. They can exert effort to manipulate trust in the opinions of others in their favor and update their opinions about some issue of common interest by taking weighted averages of neighbors' opinions. We show that manipulation can connect a segregated society and thus lead to mutual consensus. Second, we show that manipulation fosters opinion leadership; and surprisingly agents with low trust in their own opinion might get more influential even by being manipulated. Finally, comparative simulations reveal that manipulation is beneficial to information aggregation when preferences and abilities for manipulation are homogeneous, but detrimental in case abilities are concentrated at few powerful agents.

scholarly journals The role of numerical tests in assessing road restraint system functionality

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Budzynski ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz ◽  
Krzysztof Wilde ◽  
Wojciech Witkowski ◽  
Lukasz Jelinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restraint System ◽  
Numerical Tests

scholarly journals Managing patterned hair loss – a hair raising task!

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Aseem Sharma ◽  
Manasi Shirolikar ◽  
Madhulika Mhatre
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Androgenetic Alopecia ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Weighted Averages ◽  
Female Pattern Hair Loss ◽  
Topical Minoxidil

Diffuse alopecia wields a significant psychosocial burden by virtue of its clinical presentation and visibility. Patterned alopecia is an umbrella term with the focus point being androgen-mediated alopecias - androgenetic alopecia/male pattern baldness/male androgenetic alopecia and female pattern hair loss/female androgenetic alopecia, both of which have a genetic susceptibility that alters the follicular sensitivity to circulating androgens. Diffuse alopecia affects nearly half the population based on weighted averages. It may present with hair shedding and hair thinning (miniaturization) or a combination. With the female variant, the role of androgens is not fully delineated; hence, the term female pattern hair loss which has replaced prior nomenclature. Managing patterned hair loss has seen a sea change in the last decade, moving well beyond the FDA-approved modalities - topical minoxidil and oral finasteride. Through this short review, the authors have attempted to condense existing information into a ready reference.

Target Duration Effects on Iconic Memory: The Confounding Role of Changing Stimulus Dimensions

1980 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Long ◽  
Barbara Sakitt
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Stimulus Duration ◽  
Iconic Memory ◽  
Target Duration ◽  
General Level ◽  
Gap Detection ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Forced Choice Procedure

Observers’ accuracy in detecting a narrow spatial gap between two brief, luminous rectangles presented successively was determined within a two-alternative, forced-choice procedure. This successive-field task requires iconic memory, because the information (rectangle position) in the two presentations must be combined for successful gap detection. On this task, the effect of varying the duration of the first rectangle was systematically investigated over several target luminance levels and for several ISI conditions between rectangles. At the long ISI conditions (100 and 300 ms), the effects of increasing stimulus duration was to improve performance. However, at the brief ISI condition (20 ms), increasing stimulus duration initially depressed task performance. It was found that, with practice, this initial performance drop largely disappeared, and the beneficial influence of increasing target duration was again obtained. These results are discussed in terms of (a) a proposed retinal locus for the iconic memory involved and (b), at a more general level, the potentially distracting role of changing stimulus dimensions on a task employing transient stimuli as in the present study.

scholarly journals On a Nonsmooth Gauss–Newton Algorithms for Solving Nonlinear Complementarity Problems

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek J. Śmietański
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Complementarity Problems ◽  
Nonlinear Complementarity Problems ◽  
Nonlinear Complementarity ◽  
Numerical Tests ◽  
Unconstrained Optimization Problem ◽  
Nonsmooth Equation ◽  
All Solutions ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

In this paper, we propose a new version of the generalized damped Gauss–Newton method for solving nonlinear complementarity problems based on the transformation to the nonsmooth equation, which is equivalent to some unconstrained optimization problem. The B-differential plays the role of the derivative. We present two types of algorithms (usual and inexact), which have superlinear and global convergence for semismooth cases. These results can be applied to efficiently find all solutions of the nonlinear complementarity problems under some mild assumptions. The results of the numerical tests are attached as a complement of the theoretical considerations.

scholarly journals Improved frequency‐domain elastic wave modeling using weighted‐averaging difference operators

Geophysics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 884-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong‐Joo Min ◽  
Changsoo Shin ◽  
Byung‐Doo Kwon ◽  
Seunghwan Chung
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Numerical Dispersion ◽  
Difference Operators ◽  
Weighted Averages ◽  
Order Scheme ◽  
Grid Points ◽  
Weighting Coefficients

We develop a new finite‐difference scheme that reduces the number of grid points per wavelength required in frequency‐domain elastic modeling. Our approach computes weighted averages of the spatial second‐order derivative and the mass acceleration terms using a 25-point computational stencil. By determining the weighting coefficients to minimize numerical dispersion and numerical anisotropy, we reduce the number of grid points to 3.3 per shear wavelength, with a resulting error in velocities smaller than 1%. Our choice of grid points reduces the computer memory needed to store the complex impedance matrix to 4% of that for a conventional second‐order scheme and to 54% of that for a combined second‐order scheme. The 25-point weighted averaging scheme of this paper makes it possible to accurately simulate realistic models. Numerical examples show that this technique can achieve the same accurate solutions with fewer grid points than those from previous frequency‐domain second‐order schemes. Our technique can be extended directly to 3-D elastic modeling; the computational efficiency will be even greater than that realized for 2-D models.

scholarly journals Recognition of Electroencephalography-Related Features of Neuronal Network Organization in Patients With Schizophrenia Using the Generalized Choquet Integrals

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Plechawska-Wójcik ◽  
Paweł Karczmarek ◽  
Paweł Krukow ◽  
Monika Kaczorowska ◽  
Mikhail Tokovarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Choquet Integral ◽  
Aggregation Operators ◽  
Aggregation Functions ◽  
Traditional Classification ◽  
The Neural Networks ◽  
Choquet Integrals

In this study, we focused on the verification of suitable aggregation operators enabling accurate differentiation of selected neurophysiological features extracted from resting-state electroencephalographic recordings of patients who were diagnosed with schizophrenia (SZ) or healthy controls (HC). We built the Choquet integral-based operators using traditional classification results as an input to the procedure of establishing the fuzzy measure densities. The dataset applied in the study was a collection of variables characterizing the organization of the neural networks computed using the minimum spanning tree (MST) algorithms obtained from signal-spaced functional connectivity indicators and calculated separately for predefined frequency bands using classical linear Granger causality (GC) measure. In the series of numerical experiments, we reported the results of classification obtained using numerous generalizations of the Choquet integral and other aggregation functions, which were tested to find the most appropriate ones. The obtained results demonstrate that the classification accuracy can be increased by 1.81% using the extended versions of the Choquet integral called in the literature, namely, generalized Choquet integral or pre-aggregation operators.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document