scholarly journals The effects of oral isotretinoin (13-Cis retinoic acid) on the inner ear: A prospective clinical study

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akdag ◽  
Zeynep M Akkurt ◽  
Aylin Gul ◽  
Derya Ucmak ◽  
Beyhan Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Tone ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oral Isotretinoin ◽  
Pre Treatment

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral isotretinoin, a drug used in the treatment of acne vulgaris, on hearing function determined by serial audiology examinations. Methods: Forty patients with acne vulgaris were included in this study. Nine patients were excluded from the study because of inconsistent follow-up. The hearing of each participant was tested with pure tone audiometry and transient evoked autoacoustic emissions before and two and four weeks after treatment with isotretinoin (0.3-0.6 mg/kg/day) in the remaining 31 patients (62 ears). Results: The differences between the mean values of the pre-treatment and post-treatment pure tone hearing thresholds at 1000, 2000, 4000 and 6000 Hz frequencies were statistically significant (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment values at 250 and 500 Hz frequencies (p > 0.05). The difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment signal–noise ratio values of the transient evoked autoacoustic emissions was not significantly different (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the use of isotretinoin may cause bilateral hearing threshold changes. Further animal and human studies are required to investigate and characterize isotretinoin-induced neurophysiological alterations in hearing.

Urinary Steroids in Depressive Illness

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Balfour Sclare ◽  
J. K. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Source Of Information

A longitudinal study of urinary 17-OHCS in 16 depressive patients showed mean values within the accepted normal range. There were no significant differences between pre-treatment and post-treatment values; only the female patients showed a tendency to have somewhat lower post-treatment levels. 17-KS output was measured in 18 depressive patients. The mean values were within the normal range. There was no significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment values although the female patients displayed a tendency towards somewhat lower levels following treatment. DHA and EA excretion were measured in 9 depressive patients. There was a very wide variance in the findings. There was no significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment levels. The significance of the above findings is discussed. It is considered that measurements of urinary excretion of corticosteroids in affective disorders constitute a limited source of information.

scholarly journals Is exposure to personal music players a confounder in adolescent mobile phone use and hearing health studies?

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 4527-4534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geza Benke ◽  
Christina Dimitriadis ◽  
Berihun M. Zeleke ◽  
Imo Inyang ◽  
Dean McKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
The Difference

Objective This study was performed to determine whether exposure to personal music players (PMPs) in the immediate morning prior to hearing testing confounds the association between mobile phone use and hearing thresholds of adolescents. Design In this cohort study of cognitive function in year 7 students (median age 13 years, range 11–14), information regarding the weekly use of mobile phones and the use of PMPs was assessed by a questionnaire. Pure-tone audiometry was used to establish hearing thresholds for all participants. Results Among a cohort of 317 adolescents (60.9% females), 130 were unexposed to PMP use while 33 were exposed to PMP use in the morning prior to hearing testing. No statistically significant difference in hearing threshold shifts was found between adolescents who were and were not exposed to PMP use prior to hearing testing. Likewise, the difference in the use of mobile phones according to the PMP use status was not statistically significant. Conclusion Exposure to PMPs prior to hearing testing did not introduce confounding in the present study of mobile phone use and hearing loss among adolescents.

scholarly journals Evaluation of hearing acuity in patients with chronic renal failure by pure tone audiometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2046
Author(s):  
Netra A. Pathak ◽  
Sanjana V. Nemade ◽  
Kiran J. Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Disease

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hearing loss is common in patients with chronic renal failure. It is well known that chronic renal failure (CRF) causes different systemic and otorhinolaryngologic manifestations due to the accumulation of nitrogenous waste products. The aim of the study was to evaluate hearing threshold and the severity of hearing loss at different frequencies in patients of chronic renal failure (CRF), and to analyse the role of duration of disease on hearing threshold in patients of CRF.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifty two patients of CRF were included in the study. Pure tone audiometry was done in all cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of the patients were in 21 to 40 year age group (mean: out of 52 patients, 38 patients (73.07%) had sensorineural hearing loss and 14 patients (26.93%) had normal hearing. Majority of the patients with hearing loss had mild (44.73%) or moderate (42.11%) sensorineural hearing loss. On comparison of the mean hearing threshold Group II (duration of disease more than five years- 17 patients) showed a statistically significant difference (P&lt;0.05) in mean hearing threshold at 250 Hz.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Hearing loss is present in majority of the patients of CRF. Most of the cases have mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss. High frequency hearing loss in chronic renal failure is related to the duration of the disease, duration of haemodialysis’ and internal homeostasis, namely hyponatremia.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of mobile phone use on hearing on pure tone audiometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Priya Malik ◽  
Aditi Singla ◽  
Raman Wadhera ◽  
Navdeep Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Introduction: Mobile phones as fastest means of communication, indispensable for daily life globally. The widespread use has given rise to concerns about the potential health hazards of its electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human health. The present study was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of mobile phone usage on auditory functions and to study the pattern of hearing threshold in mobile phone users. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the effect of mobile phone on average pure tone audiometry (PTA) threshold of the person and to study the changes in the pure tone threshold at high frequencies such as 2 kHz, 4 kHz, and 8 kHz among the students with prolonged exposure to mobile phones. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 medical and paramedical students who have been using mobile phones for one year or more, divided in two groups. Group A- less than one hour per day and GroupB- more than one hour per day. The effect of mobile phones on the PTA threshold in the exposed ear and the nonexposed ear was also assessed. Results: The study shows that there is a significant difference in average air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC) hearing threshold among the exposed and the nonexposed ears (P < 0.05) especially at high frequency. A significant rise of both AC and BC threshold in group B more than group A also noted in this study. Conclusion: The study conducted shows changes in the hearing threshold with mobile usage. The technology along with comfort also brings some hazards, hence to limit the duration of usage of mobile phones.

scholarly journals The importance of central auditory evaluation in Friedreich's ataxia

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Simone Zeigelboim ◽  
Hélio A. G. Teive ◽  
Michèlli Rodrigues da Rosa ◽  
Jéssica Spricigo Malisky ◽  
Vinicius Ribas Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Tone ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Friedreich’S Ataxia ◽  
Friedreich's Ataxia ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potential ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central Auditory Function

ABSTRACT Objective To assess central auditory function in Friedreich's ataxia. Methods A cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out. Thirty patients underwent the anamnesis, otorhinolaryngology examination, pure tone audiometry, acoustic immittance measures and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) assessments. Results The observed alterations were: 43.3% in the pure tone audiometry, bilateral in 36.7%; 56.6% in the BAEP test, bilateral in 50%; and 46.6% in the acoustic immittance test. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the comparison between the tests performed. Conclusion In the audiological screening, there was a prevalence of the descending audiometric configuration at the frequency of 4kHz, and absence of the acoustic reflex at the same frequency. In the BAEP test, there was a prevalence of an increase of the latencies in waves I, III and V, and in the intervals of interpeaks I-III, I-V and III-V. In 13.3% of the patients, wave V was absent, and all waves were absent in 3.3% of patients.

scholarly journals Study of Adverse Effect Profile of Zoledronic Acid Infusion Among Patients with Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Elsalem ◽  
Haneen A. Basheer ◽  
Ayat Alshoh ◽  
Abdullah Abu-Aqoulah ◽  
Hussein Alsa'di ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background: Zoledronic acid (ZA) is widely used in the management of cancer-related bone events. It, however, might be associated with serious adverse effects. Objectives: To evaluate ZA adverse effects and changes in biochemical parameters related to ZA toxicities among patients with cancer. Methods: Ninety-eight oncology patients, who were prescribed ZA intravenous (IV) infusion, were interviewed to assess whether they experienced ZA related symptoms, including acute events and serious adverse effects. ZA’s effects on the serum levels of different biochemical parameters were retrospectively assessed by checking patients’ electronic medical records. Results: The most commonly reported adverse effects were: myalgia (48%), bone pain (36.7%), influenza-like symptoms (34.7%), headache (31.6%), and pyrexia (22.45%) with decreasing frequency of such adverse effects upon repeated infusions. Serious side effects including jaw osteonecrosis, cardiac, and renal problems were not reported. A small, but statistically significant reduction in serum calcium, creatinine, and total protein levels was observed upon comparing levels before and after the first IV infusion of ZA (P ≤ 0.031). No significant change was recorded with other serum electrolytes including phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium as well as urea levels (P ≥ 0.271). No significant difference was determined in terms of final serum levels of all parameters in comparison to pre-treatment (P ≥ 0.059), except for potassium, where a significant reduction was observed (P = 0.003). Notably, the mean values of all parameters were within the normal range. Conclusions: ZA acute events resolved with symptomatic treatment and reduced with repeated IV infusions. ZA appears as a safe treatment modality for skeletal-related events among patients with cancer and the reported adverse effects should not affect patients’ compliance.

OCT-Angiography as a reliable prognostic tool in laser-treated proliferative diabetic retinopathy: The RENOCTA Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212096345
Author(s):  
Marco Lupidi ◽  
Ramkailash Gujar ◽  
Alessio Cerquaglia ◽  
Jay Chhablani ◽  
Daniela Fruttini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Induced Changes

Purpose: To quantitatively assess retinal neovascularizations (RNVs) in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) before and after photocoagulative laser treatment (PLT) using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A). Methods: Consecutive patients with PDR were examined with fluorescein angiography (FA) and OCT-A before and after PLT. Baseline and after-treatment FA images were quantitatively analyzed to assess both the RNVs area and leakage area. On OCT-A RNVs area, vascular perfusion density (VPD), vessel length density (VLD) and fractal dimension were computed. VPD of the full-retina OCT-A underneath the RNV was determined to evaluate potential laser-induced changes in vascular perfusion. Results: Fifteen eyes of 13 patients with PDR were enrolled. The mean area of the RNVs was 0.47 ± 0.50 mm2 in the baseline OCT-A and 0.32 ± 0.40 mm2 in the post-treatment assessment ( p = 0.0002). The mean RNV VPD of RNV was 2% ± 4% in pre-treatment and 1% ± 1% for the post-treatment ( p = 0.0001). The mean VLD of RNV was 7.26 ± 1.53 at baseline and 6.64 ± 1.65 in the post treatment ( p = 0.0002). A significant difference in terms of mean RNVs area and VPD reduction between eyes that needed additional treatment and those that did not (~40% vs ~20%; p < 0.05), was observed. Mean VPD of full-retinal thickness OCT-angiogram was 55% ± 10% for the pre-treatment and 53% ± 8% for the post treatment scan ( p = 0.02). Conclusion: The quantitative OCT-A assessment of laser-induced changes of RNVs can be a useful non-invasive approach for determining treatment efficacy. A reduction of RNVs area or VPD ⩾ 40% might reveal those eyes that won’t require additional treatment. Retinal perfusion impairment seemed to progress independently from the treatment.

scholarly journals The effect of antibiotic timing on culture yield in paediatric osteoarticular infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. van der Merwe ◽  
K. Rooks ◽  
H. Crawford ◽  
C. M. A. Frampton ◽  
M. J. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Osteoarticular Infection ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics ◽  
Culture Yield

Purpose To assess the influence of antibiotic timing on surgical culture yield in paediatric patients with haematogenous osteoarticular infection. Methods All patients aged 0 to 15 years admitted to a National Children’s Hospital with the diagnosis of acute, haematogenous, osteoarticular infection (osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis) between June 1997 and December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Only patients with positive blood cultures undergoing surgery for culture and debridement were included. Patients were allocated into pre-treatment and post-treatment groups, according to whether they received antibiotics before or after surgical cultures were obtained. Outcomes measured included baseline variables, treatment characteristics and surgical culture yield. Results A total of 131 patients were included; 107 patients in the pre-treatment group and 24 patients in the post-treatment group. There was no significant difference with respect to patient age (p = 0.870), white blood cell count (p = 0.197), ethnicity (p = 0.203) or infection multi-focality (p = 0.883) between the two groups. The administration of systemic antibiotics prior to obtaining surgical cultures had no clinically significant effect on surgical culture yield (rate of positive surgical cultures, 85% (pre-treatment) versus 54.2% (post-treatment); p = 0.002). Within the pre-treatment group, there was no significant difference in duration of pre-surgical antibiotic treatment between patients who had positive or negative surgical cultures (mean duration, 45.9 hours (positive cultures) versus 47.9 hours (negative cultures); p = 0.743). Conclusion In paediatric patients with acute, haematogenous, osteoarticular infection, antibiotic administration before surgery does not decrease surgical culture yield. Our results suggest that paediatric patients presenting with suspected osteoarticular infection should receive appropriate systemic antibiotics promptly after blood cultures are obtained. Level of Evidence Level III - retrospective case-control study

scholarly journals Can Pregnancy Lead to Changes in Hearing Threshold?

2019 ◽  
pp. 014556131987124
Author(s):  
Devanshu Kwatra ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Gautam Bir Singh ◽  
Ratna Biswas ◽  
Prabhakar Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Hearing Sensitivity ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hearing Assessment ◽  
Air Conduction

Purpose: This study explores the changes in hearing thresholds in pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A prospective hospital-based observational study was performed with a total of 69 patients in the age-group of 18 to 40 years. Patients underwent hearing assessment twice during the study period. Conventional pure tone audiometry and impedance audiometry were performed, first during the antepartum period (28-32 weeks of gestational age) and second time during the postpartum period (6 weeks postpartum). Results: Significant difference was seen between the average of air conduction threshold values at speech frequencies when antepartum values were compared with postpartum values. Conclusion: The alterations in hearing sensitivity in pregnant females which improved during the postpartum period can be attributed to pregnancy.

An Epidemiologic Study of Tinnitus in a Population in Jiangsu Province, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (09) ◽  
pp. 578-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Xu ◽  
Xingkuan Bu ◽  
Ling Zhou ◽  
Guangqian Xing ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Background: Tinnitus is a common complaint and often of no clinical significance. There are a number of unresolved issues concerning the etiology, pathogenesis, and natural history of tinnitus. There are a few current population-based estimates of the prevalence of tinnitus done in representative large geographic areas, but there is little data from multi-area, large sample studies of tinnitus in China. Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of tinnitus and related factors in a Chinese population. These data would be used to plan and evaluate health-care services. Research Design: We carried out an epidemiologic study of tinnitus as part of an epidemiologic study of ear and hearing disorders that was undertaken in Jiangsu Province, China. A question about tinnitus history was included in a comprehensive questionnaire about hearing. All participants also had both pure tone audiometry and an otological examination. Study Sample: The sample consisted of 6333 people 10 yr of age or older, selected by the methods of probability proportional to size. Data Collection and Analysis: All participants answered a questionnaire concerning their tinnitus and had pure tone audiometry testing and an ear examination. All data were entered using EPIDATD 3.0 software and analyzed by a chi-squared test and test for trends. Results: The overall prevalence of tinnitus was 14.5%, and the standardized rates were 11.4% in the whole country and 12.4% in Jiangsu province. Its prevalence increased with age. The prevalence of tinnitus was 11.9 and 15.6% in urban and rural residents, respectively There was no significant difference in prevalence between men and women. Hearing impairment, history of middle ear infections, and noise exposure were the main risk factors for tinnitus. Conclusion: Tinnitus is a common problem in the population. With the aging of the population, the prevalence of tinnitus will increase. The prevention of tinnitus should focus on hearing impairment screening, otitis media treatment, and noise exposure reduction. Health services in rural areas should emphasize prevention more.

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