Effect of Electrical Current on the Osteogenesis in Alveolar Bone Defects : Application of Tricalcium Phosphate

This study was conducted to evaluate biologic responses of autogenous bone (particulate marrow and cancellous bone; PMCB) and beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramics (TCPC) to orthodontic stimuli. Nine dogs served as the experimental animals; three dogs underwent orthodontic tooth movement after grafting, three dogs received PMCB grafting without tooth movement, and three dogs received TCPC grafting without tooth movement. Immediately after extraction of the upper second and/or third incisors, the maxillary alveolar bone was resected bilaterally. Autogenous PMCB obtained from the iliac bone and TCPC were transplanted into each bone defect. Experimental tooth movement was initiated 2 to 4 weeks after the grafting and continued for 9 to 15 weeks. Sectional archwires with open-coil springs were used for distal movement of the upper first incisors into the extraction sites. Oxytetracycline and calcein were employed as bone markers. Sections of grafted areas including the teeth were prepared for light and fluorescence microscopy. The results revealed that both autogenous bone and TCPC presented similar adaptive changes to the original alveolar bone without any external stimuli. TCPC exhibited more prominent biodegradative responses to orthodontic force in association with new cementum formation. Root resorption was also less in the TCPC area than in the PMCB region. It Is shown that TCPC is biodegradative In nature and adaptive for remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. This finding indicates that TCPC may be a better biocompatible alternative to autogenous bone transplanted into bone defects subjected to orthodontic tooth movement.

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Effect of â-tricalcium phosphate and porous hydroxyapatite bone substitutes on bone regeneration in alveolar bone defects around dental implants

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.joms.2014.06.369 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 72 (9) ◽

pp. e205-e206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. Ioku ◽

H. Haeniwa ◽

K. Kakudo

Keyword(s):

Bone Regeneration ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Bone Substitutes ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Porous Hydroxyapatite

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Comparison of two β-tricalcium phosphate composite grafts used for reconstruction of mandibular critical size bone defects

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.3415/vcot-08-04-0038.r1 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

M. C. Nolff ◽

N.-C. Gellrich ◽

G. Hauschild ◽

M. Fehr ◽

K.-H. Bormann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Critical Size ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Composite Grafts

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The preparation and application of calcium phosphate biomedical composites in filling of weight-bearing bone defects

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83941-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lijia Cheng ◽

Tianchang Lin ◽

Ahmad Taha Khalaf ◽

Yamei Zhang ◽

Hongyan He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Type I ◽

Artificial Bone ◽

Thermosensitive Hydrogel ◽

Bone Repairing ◽

Histological Staining

AbstractNowadays, artificial bone materials have been widely applied in the filling of non-weight bearing bone defects, but scarcely ever in weight-bearing bone defects. This study aims to develop an artificial bone with excellent mechanical properties and good osteogenic capability. Firstly, the collagen-thermosensitive hydrogel-calcium phosphate (CTC) composites were prepared as follows: dissolving thermosensitive hydrogel at 4 °C, then mixing with type I collagen as well as tricalcium phosphate (CaP) powder, and moulding the composites at 37 °C. Next, the CTC composites were subjected to evaluate for their chemical composition, micro morphology, pore size, Shore durometer, porosity and water absorption ability. Following this, the CTC composites were implanted into the muscle of mice while the 70% hydroxyapatite/30% β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) biomaterials were set as the control group; 8 weeks later, the osteoinductive abilities of biomaterials were detected by histological staining. Finally, the CTC and HA/TCP biomaterials were used to fill the large segments of tibia defects in mice. The bone repairing and load-bearing abilities of materials were evaluated by histological staining, X-ray and micro-CT at week 8. Both the CTC and HA/TCP biomaterials could induce ectopic bone formation in mice; however, the CTC composites tended to produce larger areas of bone and bone marrow tissues than HA/TCP. Simultaneously, bone-repairing experiments showed that HA/TCP biomaterials were easily crushed or pushed out by new bone growth as the material has a poor hardness. In comparison, the CTC composites could be replaced gradually by newly formed bone and repair larger segments of bone defects. The CTC composites trialled in this study have better mechanical properties, osteoinductivity and weight-bearing capacity than HA/TCP. The CTC composites provide an experimental foundation for the synthesis of artificial bone and a new option for orthopedic patients.

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Additive Manufacturing of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Components via Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC)

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14010156 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 156

Author(s):

Steffen Esslinger ◽

Axel Grebhardt ◽

Jonas Jaeger ◽

Frank Kern ◽

Andreas Killinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Critical Size ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Healthcare Systems ◽

The Body ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Fused Deposition Of Ceramics

Bone defects introduced by accidents or diseases are very painful for the patient and their treatment leads to high expenses for the healthcare systems. When a bone defect reaches a critical size, the body is not able to restore this defect by itself. In this case a bone graft is required, either an autologous one taken from the patient or an artificial one made of a bioceramic material such as calcium phosphate. In this study β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was dispersed in a polymer matrix containing poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(ethylene glycole) (PEG). These compounds were extruded to filaments, which were used for 3D printing of cylindrical scaffolds via Fused Deposition of Ceramics (FDC) technique. After shaping, the printed parts were debindered and sintered. The components combined macro- and micropores with a pore size of 1 mm and 0.01 mm, respectively, which are considered beneficial for bone healing. The compressive strength of sintered cylindrical scaffolds exceeded 72 MPa at an open porosity of 35%. The FDC approach seems promising for manufacturing patient specific bioceramic bone grafts.

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Bone formation and bioresorption after implantation of injectable ?-tricalcium phosphate granules-hyaluronate complex in rabbit bone defects

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research ◽

10.1002/jbm.a.30094 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 70A (4) ◽

pp. 542-549 ◽

Cited By ~ 113

Author(s):

Masaaki Chazono ◽

Takaaki Tanaka ◽

Hirokazu Komaki ◽

Katsuyuki Fujii

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Rabbit Bone

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Current approach to bone augmentation with allogeneic cortical graft: A case report

International Dental Research ◽

10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.44 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽

pp. 299-302

Author(s):

Utku Nezih Yılmaz ◽

Fatma Eriş Derkuş

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Healing Process ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Current Approach ◽

Autogenous Bone ◽

Bone Augmentation ◽

Alveolar Crest

Aim: Today, dental implant applications have become the most preferred option in the treatment of tooth deficiencies. Long-term successful results in dental implant applications depend largely on the volume and quality of the hard and soft tissues in the relevant region. Insufficient soft tissues and alveolar crest resorption complicate implant applications. Grafts and additional surgical procedures are required to compensate for resorption and to provide bone augmentation. Shell technique, one of the augmentation methods used in the treatment of alveolar bone defects, is an important procedure for guided bone regeneration. The purpose of this case report is to describe the treatment of vertical and horizontal bone loss with the Shell technique using allogeneic cortical grafts. Methodology: A 58-year-old female patient without any systemic disease was admitted to our clinic with the complaint of tooth loss in the right posterior mandibular region. In the intraoral and radiological examinations, it was determined that the bone volume in the relevant region was not sufficient for dental implant. Two-stage surgical treatment was planned for the patient. First, vertical and horizontal bone defects were augmented with allogeneic cortical graft application under local anesthesia. After the healing process, dental implants were placed in the sufficient volume of the alveolar bone and the patient's treatment was completed. Conclusion: Allogeneic grafts in the treatment of alveolar crest defects; it is a good alternative to autogenous bone grafts,there is no need for a second surgical field and the resulting reduction in morbidity. How to cite this article: Eriş Derkuş F, Yılmaz UN. Current approach to bone augmentation with allogeneic cortical graft: A case report. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):299-302. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.44 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

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Periodontal disease defects and mandibular cortical index in lupus patients

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2019.v22i4.1808 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 506-512

Author(s):

Vagner Braga ◽

Lucas Morita ◽

Luciana Munhoz ◽

Silvia Lourenço ◽

Emiko Arita

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Panoramic Radiographs ◽

Cortical Index ◽

Multiple Organs ◽

Mandibular Cortical Index

Objective:Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs. It is well known that lupus patients have higher risk of osteoporosis, but if the disease affects mandibular cortical bone and alveolar bone is not fully established. The objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease defects and mandibular osteoporotic alterations in patients with lupus as compared to healthy patients using panoramic radiographs.Material and Methods:The panoramic radiographs of 72 patients with lupus and 360 healthy patients were evaluated for the presence of bone loss secondary to periodontal disease, classified as horizontal and vertical bone loss. We also assessed mandibular osteoporotic alterations by using the mandibular cortical index. Logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the risk of mandibular osteoporotic alterations as well as horizontal and vertical bone loss in patients with lupus as compared to healthy patients.Results:There were no statistically significant differences between groups in the presence of horizontal bone defects and mandibular cortical indexes. However, patients with lupus demonstrated that patients with lupus were 2.17 more likely to present vertical bone loss than healthy patients.Conclusions:Patients with lupus might have higher risk of vertical bone loss than healthy patients due to pathophysiology of their disease. Further larger prospective studies should be performed to confirm our findings.

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Filling Bone Defects after Hip Arthroplasty Revision Using Hydroxyapatite/?-tricalcium Phosphate: A Case Report with Long-term Result

Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports ◽

10.13107/jocr.2021.v11.i06.2234 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Sandris Petronis ◽

Ruta Jakusonoka ◽

Viktors Linovs ◽

Andris Jumtins

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Bone Defect ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Periprosthetic Fracture ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Femoral Bone ◽

Left Femur ◽

Arthroplasty Revision

Introduction: The increasing number of primary total hip replacements means that there is an increased need for hip arthroplasty revisions. The periprosthetic fractures which cause bone defects can occur during removal of the femoral component and healing of these fractures can be delayed. In femoral bone defects during revisions, there are no metal augments for filling these defects. Case Report: Fifty-nine-year-old female presented with infected loosening of the left hip non-cemented endoprosthesis 5 years after surgery. The patient underwent removal of endoprosthesis. In 2 months, re-implantation of non-cemented endoprosthesis was performed and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic granules with hydroxyapatite/?-tricalcium phosphate (HAp/?-TCP) were implanted in the femoral bone defects. Eleven months following the arthroplasty patient had periprosthetic fracture of the distal third of the left femur. The osteosynthesis was performed and BCP ceramic granules with HAp/?-TCP were used to fill the bone defect. Long-term follow-up showed very good functional outcome and bone defect healing. Conclusion: The BCP ceramic granules with HAp/?-TCP material adjusted to the bone defect anatomy, showed effective femoral bone defect and periprosthetic fracture healing in a patient with hip arthroplasty revision and periprosthetic fracture. Keywords: Bone defect, femoral, revision.

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