scholarly journals The Transformation of International Trade Unionism in the Era of Globalization

Just Labour ◽  
1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reynald Bourque ◽  
Marc- Antonin Hennebert
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Congress ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
The One ◽  
Second World

Following the Second World Congress of the International Trade UnionConfederation (ITUC) held from June 21 to 25, 2010in Vancouver, this articleexamines the changes undergone by international trade unionism in recent years.The increasing power of multinational corporations,as a result of globalization,has led to a transformation in international tradeunionism which has produced areorganization of its structures and the emergenceof new forms of action toensure the protection of workers’ rights worldwide.The key argument of thisarticle is that the evolution of the structures andpractices of international tradeunion organizations over the last two decades has been characterized by theimplementation of strategies aimed, on the one hand, at reinforcing trade unionunity and, on the other hand, at targeting multinational corporations. Lastly,although the transformation of international tradeunionism has given rise toimportant structural changes, international trade union organizations continue toface formidable challenges in their efforts to effectively contribute to theregulation of the global economy.

Globalisation and the dilemmas of international trade unionism

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Gumbrell-McCormick
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Trade Union Movement ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
Economic Developments

This article presents the author's reflections on the possibilities of a restructuring of the international trade union movement, on the basis of a collective research project to mark the fiftieth anniversary of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) which seeks to open a debate within the movement over the lessons to be learned from its history as a guide for its future action. The most important question facing the trade union movement today is what is generally called 'globalisation', a phenomenon that goes back many years, both in terms of economic developments and labour struggles. From this perspective, the paper examines the basis for the existing divisions of the international labour movement, before going over the work of the ICFTU and of the International Trade Secretariats (ITSs) to achieve the regulation of the multinational corporations and of the international economy, and concluding on the prospects for unity of action in the unions' work around the global economy.

French trade unions and the mobilisation against the El Khomri law in 2016: a reconfiguration of strategies and alliances

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Béroud
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Central Actor ◽  
New Form ◽  
The One ◽  
Union Competition

A number of French trade unions played a determining role in the opposition to the El Khomri law (also called the ‘loi Travail’) in Spring 2016. As well as large demonstrations and sector-level strikes, the movement also gave rise to the occupation of public spaces, such as the Place de la République in Paris. This new form of protest acquired the name ‘Nuit Debout’ (‘Up All Night’). This article examines the convergences, but also the tensions, which characterised the relations between the trade unions and Nuit Debout. It shows in particular how the Confédération générale du travail (CGT, General Confederation of Labour), a central actor in the protest, was caught in a dual and sometimes contradictory rationale. On the one hand, it was confronted with the particular dynamic of social movements, and with the capacity of trade unionism to mobilise and politicise the protest being called into question during the Nuit Debout movement. On the other hand, it faced certain constraints within the field of industrial relations, related to the issues of trade union competition and representativeness.

scholarly journals The Development of Canadian-American Trade Union Relations: Some Conclusions

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-355
Author(s):  
C. Brian Williams
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Nationalism ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Church ◽  
American Trade

On one hand, binational trade unionism seems to be the product of three features in Canadian-American economic relations: international trade, labor migration and American investments in Canada. On the other hand, the origin of Canadian unionism and conflicts within can be explained by economic nationalism, by a commitment to the teachings of the Church in Québec and by an opposition to the AFL-type of craft unionism outside Québec. The boundary issue is irrelevant to the explanation of both phenomenas. In this article, the author has gathered some evidence which tends to support those hypotheses.

International trade: Research of the reasons for the fall

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Nazarov ◽  
S. S. Lazaryan ◽  
I. V. Nikonov ◽  
A. I. Votinov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Negative Contribution ◽  
Basic Commodity ◽  
The Impact

The article assesses the impact of various factors on the growth rate of international trade. Many experts interpreted the cross-border flows of goods decline against the backdrop of a growing global economy as an alarming sign that indicates a slowdown in the processes of globalization. To determine the reasons for the dynamics of international trade, the decompositions of its growth rate were carried out and allowed to single out the effect of the dollar exchange rate, the commodities prices and global value chains on the change in the volume of trade. As a result, it was discovered that the most part of the dynamics of international trade is due to fluctuations in the exchange rate of the dollar and prices for basic commodity groups. The negative contribution of trade within global value chains in 2014 was also revealed. During the investigated period (2000—2014), such a picture was observed only in the crisis periods, which may indicate the beginning of structural changes in the world trade.

Philosophical Ideas of Yanaihara Tadao:Nationalism, Pacifism and the Concept of the “Just War”

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
Anna D. Bertova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Just War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Postwar Japan ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The One ◽  
Second World

Prominent Japanese economist, specialist in colonial politics, a professor of Im­perial Tokyo University, Yanaihara Tadao (1893‒1961) was one of a few people who dared to oppose the aggressive policy of Japanese government before and during the Second World War. He developed his own view of patriotism and na­tionalism, regarding as a true patriot a person who wished for the moral develop­ment of his or her country and fought the injustice. In the years leading up to the war he stated the necessity of pacifism, calling every war evil in the ultimate, divine sense, developing at the same time the concept of the «just war» (gisen­ron), which can be considered good seen from the point of view of this, imper­fect life. Yanaihara’s theory of pacifism is, on one hand, the continuation of the one proposed by his spiritual teacher, the founder of the Non-Church movement, Uchimura Kanzo (1861‒1930); one the other hand, being a person of different historical period, directly witnessing the boundless spread of Japanese militarism and enormous hardships brought by the war, Yanaihara introduced a number of corrections to the idealistic theory of his teacher and proposed quite a specific explanation of the international situation and the state of affairs in Japan. Yanai­hara’s philosophical concepts influenced greatly both his contemporaries and successors of the pacifist ideas in postwar Japan, and contributed to the dis­cussion about interrelations of pacifism and patriotism, and also patriotism and religion.

scholarly journals Structural changes and economic growth in the world economy and Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy V. Mironov ◽  
Liudmila D. Konovalova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Preliminary Version ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of

The article considers the problem of the relationship of structural changes and economic growth in the global economy and Russia in the framework of different methodological approaches. At the same time, the paper provides the analysis of complementarity of economic policy types, which, on the one hand, are aimed at developing the fundamentals of GDP growth (institutions, human capital and macroeconomic stabilization), and on the other hand, at initiating growth (with stable fundamentals) with the help of structural policy measures. In the study of structural changes in the global economy, new forms of policies of this kind have been revealed, in particular aimed at identifying sectors — drivers of economic growth based on a portfolio approach. In a given paper a preliminary version of the model of the Russian economy is provided, using a multisector version of the Thirlwall’s Law. Besides, the authors highlight a number of target parameters of indicators of competitiveness of the sectors of the Russian economy that allow us to expect its growth rate to accelerate above the exogenously given growth rate of the world economy.

scholarly journals Clausewitz and la pensée 681*

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Éric Alliez ◽  
Maurizio Lazzarato
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
World War ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
Revolutionary Movements ◽  
The One ◽  
Second World

Abstract In the aftermath of the Second World War, revolutionary movements remained dependent on Leninist theories and practices in their attempts to grasp the new relationship between war and capital. Yet these theories and practices failed to address the global “cold civil war” represented by the events of 1968. This article will show that in the 1970s this task was not undertaken by “professional revolutionaries” or in their Maoist discourse of “protracted war” and its “generalized Clauzewitzian strategy.” Rather, the problem was addressed by Michel Foucault, on the one hand, and Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, on the other. Each produced a radical break in the conception of war and of its constitutive relationship with capitalism, taking up the confrontation with Clausewitz to reverse the famous formula such that war was not to be understood as the continuation of politics (which determines its ends). Politics was, on the contrary, to be understood as an element and strategic modality of the whole constituted by war. The ambition of la pensée 68, as represented by Foucault and Deleuze and Guattari, was not to make this reversal into a simple permutation of the formula's terms, but rather to develop a radical critique of the concepts of “war” and “politics” presupposed by Clausewitz's formula.

The Belgian national past: Between commemoration and silence

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Rosoux ◽  
Laurence van Ypersele
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The One ◽  
Memory Conflicts ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

This article examines the gradual deconstruction of the Belgian national identity. Is it possible to speak of a de facto differentiation or even ‘federalization’ of the so-called ‘national past’ in Belgium? How do Belgians choose to remember and forget this past? To contribute to an understanding of these issues, the article considers two very different episodes of Belgian history, namely the First World War and the colonization of the Congo. On the one hand, the memory of the First World War appears to provide the template for memory conflicts in Belgium, and thus informs the memories of other tragedies such as the Second World War. On the other hand, the memory of the colonial past remains much more consensual – providing a more nuanced picture of competing views on the past. Beyond the differences between the ways in which these episodes are officially portrayed, the same fundamental trend may be observed: the gradual fragmentation of a supposedly smooth and reliable national version of history.

Basaglia in France

2020 ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
Nicolas Henckes ◽  
Anne M. Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Institutional Practice ◽  
The One ◽  
Mental Health Policies ◽  
Second World ◽  
French Paradox

This chapter assesses Franco Basaglia’s enduring influence in France by focusing on the circulation of concepts and practices and their effects on French mental health policies and scattered experimentation. Despite similar origins, Basaglia’s early work contrasts with the Second World War movement of French psychiatric reformers to humanize the asylum, including through ‘psychothérapie institutionnelle’ and the subsequent development of a sectorization policy. The chapter then examines the extent to which Basaglia’s ideas took ground in France through the efforts of a small network of psychiatric practitioners and intellectuals, within roughly three periods: 1960–1980, 1980–2000, and 2000 to the present. In conclusion, the chapter asks what might explain the French paradox: the early receptivity to Basaglia’s politically-oriented, community-based, anti-institutional practice, on the one hand; and a tenacious hospital-centric psychiatric system and increased use of constraints and high-security confinement, on the other.

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