Wrażliwość bakterii beztlenowych na olejek anyżowy (Oleum anisi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Andrzej W. Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tannerella Forsythia ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Defibrinated Sheep Blood ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Introduction. Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) belong to Apiaceae family. The plant is distributed in China, Iran, Indie and America. The fruits green' lanceoled leaves, white flowers and green-yellow seeds. The fruits are used to produce an essential oils. The anise oil is widely used in folk medicine, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. The fruits consists of 6-30% volatile oil. Its the major components are trans-anethole, estragol, eugenol, linalool, α-terpineol, cis-anethole, anisaldehyde, coumarins, methylchavikol, scopoletin, umbelliferone, estrols and polyacetylenes. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of anise oil against anaerobic bacteria isolated from oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. Material and methods. A total 54 strains of anaerobic bacteria and 8 standards strains from genera Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Fusobacterium, Tannerella, Finegoldia, Peptostreptococcus, Actinomyces, Propionibacterium, Bifidobacterium and 8 standards strains Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica ATCC 29743, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ATCC 27337, Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586, Finegoldia magna ATCC 29328, Parabacteroides distasonis ATCC 8503, Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 11827 and Actinomyces odontolyticus ATCC 17929 were investigated. The susceptibility (MIC) was determined by the two-fold of plate dilution method in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. The inoculum containing 106 CFU/spot was seeded with Steers replicator upon the surface of agar containing testing oil and free oil (the strains growth control). Incubation the plates was performed in anaerobic conditions in anaerobic jars with 10% CO2 , 10% H2 and 80% N2 . The MIC was considered to be the last dilution that did not bacterial colonial growth. Results. The results showed, that the most susceptible to oils from Gram-negative anaerobes were the strains of Tannerella forsythia (MIC 0.5-< 0.12 mg/ml), Fusobacterium necrophorum, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis (MIC = 25 mg/ml). The strains from genus of Prevotella bivia and Parabacteroides distasonis were the lowest sensitive. The growth of the strains was inhibited by concentration > 2.0 mg/ml. The anise oil was more active against Gram-positive rods and cocci then Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Conclusions. The anise oil was very active against all bacterial strains tested. The most susceptible to oil was the strains from genus Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacteria necrophorum, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides uniformis. The Gram-positive-rods and cocci was more susceptible to anise oil then anaerobic Gram-negative rods.

Przeciwbakteryjne działanie olejku rozmarynowego (Oleum Rosmarini) na bakterie beztlenowe

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Andrzej W. Kędzia ◽  
Joanna Wiśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Defibrinated Sheep Blood ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity

Introduction. Rosmarinus officinalis L. a member of family Lamiaceae is widely found in many countries of North Africa, America and Europa. It grown to 2-3 m high. The plant produced of essential oils. The composition of rosemary oil based on genotype, climate, geography, and method of preparation. The major constituents of the oil are 1-8 cineole, α-pinene, camphene, α-terpineol, borneol, camphor, β-myrcene, geraniol, eugenol, p-cymen, linalool, romarinic acid and caffeic acid. Rosmarinic acid is well adsorbed from gastrointestinal tract and from the skin. The oil is used in medicine as an anti-inflammation, anticancer, analgesic, antidiabetic, antiulcerogenic, hepatoprotective, antirheumatic, antiepileptic, diuretic and anti Alzheimer disease. The extracts and essential oil have antimicrobial activity towards bacteria, fungi, viruses and insects. Aim. The goal of this work was to test the antimicrobial activity of rosmarinic oil on anaerobic bacteria. Material and methods. The bacterial strains were isolated from oral cavity. A total 33 strains of anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients and 6 reference strains were investigated. The susceptibility (MIC) was determined by the two-fold of plate dilution method in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. The rosmarinic oil (Semifarm) was dissolved at first in DMSO and afterwards in distilled water. Concentrations of oil used were 0.06, 0.12, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml. The inoculum containing 106 CFU/per spot was seeded with Steers replicator upon the surface of agar with oil and without the oil (the strains growth control). Incubation the plates was performed in anaerobic conditions in anaerobic jar, at 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentrations of rosmarinic oil that completely inhibited the growth of tested anaerobic bacteria. Results. The results indicated that the tested bacteria were high sensitive to the essential oils. The most susceptible from Gram-negative bacteria were the rods from genus of Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, Prevotella levii and Bacteroides uniformis (MIC ≤ 0.06 mg/ml). The strains from genus Prevotella buccalis and Bacteroides vulgatus were less sensitive (MIC = 0.5 mg/ml). Remainded Gram-negative rods were susceptible to the oil in concentrations in range from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/ml. The rosmarinus oil was more effective against the Gram-positive bacteria. The most susceptible from the cocci were strains from the genus of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Parvimonas micros (MIC 0.25-≤ 0.06 mg/ml) and from rods Gram-positive rods genus of Actinomyces viscosus and Bifidobacterium breve (MIC 0.12-≤ 0.06 mg/ml). Conclusions. The results indicated that the rosmarinic oil showed high antibacterial activity against all tested anaerobic bacteria. The more susceptible to oil were the Gram-positive bacterial strains than Gram-negative anaerobic rods.

Wpływ olejku świerkowego (Oleum Picea excelsa) na bakterie beztlenowe

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Elżbieta Hołderna-Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Tannerella Forsythia ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Picea Excelsa ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction. Spruce (Picea abies L.) is a member of family Pinaceae. It was known and used in ancient. The tree grown to 50 m height. Produced by conifers etheric oil possesses antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. The major compounds of the spruce oil are: pinene, cadinene and felandrene. It is obtained hydro distillation method. Aim. The aim of the date was to investigate activity of spruce oil against anaerobic bacteria. Material and methods. The 53 of anaerobic bacteria isolated from oral cavity and upper respiratory tract, in it 32 strains of Gram-negative rods, 12 Gram-positive rods and 9 Gram-positive cocci were tested. Moreover investigated 8 reference strains. Susceptibility (MIC) was determined by two-fold dilution technique in Brucella agar with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. The spruce oil was dissolved in DMSO and distillated water to obtained a final concentrations 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mg/ml. The inoculums containing 106 CFU/ml was seeded with Steers replicator upon the surface of agar with oil or without tested essential oil (strains growth control). Incubation the agar plates was performed in anaerobic conditions in anaerobic jars containing 10% C02 , 10% H2 and 80% N2 , palladic catalyst and anaerobic indicator, at 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was established as the lowest concentration of the spruce oil that inhibiting the growth of tested anaerobes. Results. The results of these investigations indicated that the most susceptible to spruce oil from Gram-negative bacteria were the strains Prevotella intermedia (MIC 5.0-10.0 mg/ml) and Porphyromonas levii (MIC = 7.5 mg/ml). The growth of strains from genus Bacteroides fragilis was inhibited by concentration > 20.0 mg/ml, and Tannerella forsythia in ranges from 15.0 to > 20.0 mg/ml. The Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible. The growth of 50% of this rods was inhibited in concentration 2.5-7.5 mg/ml. From Gram-positive rods from genus of Actinomyces odontolyticus were the most susceptible. The 75% of the rods were inhibited by spruce oil in concentrations 2.5-7.5 mg/ml. The least sensitive was the strain Actinomyces viscosus (MIC = 15.0 mg/ml). The tested oil was more active on account Gram-positive cocci. The growth was inhibited by concentrations in ranges 2.5-7.5 mg/ml. The Gram-positive cocci were more susceptible than Gram-positive rods. The data indicated that the spruce oil was more active towards Gram-positive rods than Gram-negative anaerobes. Conclusions. From the Gram-negative bacteria the Prevotella rods were the more susceptible to spruce oil. The oil was the less active towards Gram-negative rods from genus Tannerella forsythia. From Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria the Gram-positive cocci were the more susceptible to spruce oil then Gram-positive rods.

Aktywność olejku pichtowego (Oleum Pichtae) wobec bakterii beztlenowych

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Andrzej W. Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Tannerella Forsythia ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Prevotella Bivia

Introduction. Abies whitebark (Abies sibirica L.) belonging to the family Pinaceae. The tree grown in Mongol, China and Siberian taiga. Produced the pichtae oil, which is obtained by hydrodistillation method. It contain: α-pinene, β-pinene, β-caryophyllene, bornyl acetate, camphene, mircene and cineole. The oil exhibiting expectorant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antialergic, liver restorative, adaptogenic and antioxidant properties. It has antimicrobial activity. Aim. The aim of the date was to determine the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients to pichtae oil. Material and methods. The investigated 49 strains of bacteria isolated from patients from genus Bacteroides (7 strains), Parabacteroides (1), Prevotella (8), Porphyromonas (5), Tannerella (1), Fusobacterium (6), Finegoldia (4), Parvimonas (2), Peptostreptococcus (4), Actinomyces (4), Bifidobacterium (1), Propionibacterium (6), and 10 reference strains. The concentrations the oil were the following: 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mg/ml. The pichtae oil was added to Brucella agar with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. Inoculum containing 106 CFU/ml was seeded with Steers replicator upon the agar with oil or without oil (strains growth control). The incubation was carried out in anaerobic jars containing 10% C02 , 10% H2 and 80% N2 , palladic catalyst and anaerobic indicator, at 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of the pichtae oil that completely inhibited growth the anaerobic bacteria. Results. The results investigation indicated that from Gram-negative rods Tannerella forsythia (MIC = 5.0 mg/ml), Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides uniformis (MIC = 7.5 mg/ml) were the most susceptible to pichtae oil. The growth of Prevotella strains were inhibited by concentrations in ranges 5.0-15.0 mg/ml. The Prevotella bivia (MIC 10.0-15.0 mg/ml) and Prevotella buccalis (MIC = 15.0 mg/ml) were the most resistant. The tested oil was active on account genus of Fusobacterium strains in concentrations 5.0-10.0 mg/ml. The Gram-positive cocci were the more sensitive then rods. The growth was inhibited by concentrations in ranges ≤ 2.5-10.0 mg/ml. The oil was equally effective against Gram-positive rods (MIC ≤ 2.5-10.0 mg/ml). From this bacteria the more susceptible were the strains of Actinomyces (MIC ≤ 2.5-7.5 mg/ml) and the least a rods from genus of Bifidobacterium (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml). The date indicated, that the Gram-positive anaerobes were the more susceptible to pichtae oil than Gram-negative rods. Conclusions. From among the Gram-negative bacteria the more susceptible to pichtae oil were the rods from genus Tannerella forsythia, Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides uniformis. Gram-positive anaerobic cocci were the more susceptible then Gram-positive rods. The pichtae oil was the more active towards Gram-positive bacteria then Gram-negative anaerobic rods.

Działanie in vitro olejku cyprysowego (Oleum Cupressi) na bakterie beztlenowe

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Elżbieta Hołderna-Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Tannerella Forsythia ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci ◽  
Porphyromonas Levii

Introduction. Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) belongs to the family Cupressaceae. It is evergreen, and grows in Mediterranean region. The Cypress leaves and young branches are utilized to produce the essential oil. Cypress oil contain a number of components, in it α-pinene, Δ3-carene, α-terpinyl acetate, cedrol, α-terpinolene, β-myrcene, limonene, α-terpineolene, terpinen-4-ol, β-pinene, δ-cadinene and sabinene. The oil is used in therapy different diseases. It to have antimicrobial activity. Aim. The aim of the date was evaluation the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to Cypress oil. Material and methods. The anaerobic bacteria were isolated from patients. The 62 microorganisms, in it 36 strains of Gram-negative rods, 14 Gram-positive cocci and 12 Gram-positive rods, and 7 reference strains were tested. Susceptibility (MIC) was determined by means of plate dilution technique in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. The Cypress oil was dissolved in DMSO and distilled water to obtain final following concentrations: 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 mg/ml. Inoculum containing 106 CFU per 1 ml was seeded with Steers replicator upon the agar with oil or without the oil (strains growth control). The agar plates was incubated in anaerobic condition in anaerobic jar in 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was interpreted as the lowest concentration of Cypress oil inhibiting the growth of tested bacteria. Results. The results indicated that from among Gram-negative rods the most susceptible to Cypress oil was the strains from genus Tannerella forsythia (MIC < 2.5-5.0 mg/ml), Bacteroides uniformis (MIC = 5.0 mg/ml), Bacteroides vulgatus and Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (MIC 5.0-7.5 mg/ml) and Porphyromonas levii (MIC = 7.5 mg/ml). The strains from genera Fusobacterium and of Bacteroides fragilis were the susceptible to 2.5-≥ 20.0 mg/ml. The Cypress oil was least active towards Prevotella and Parabacteroides strains (MIC ≥ 20.0 mg/ml).The tested Gram-positive cocci were more susceptible. The growth of the strains were inhibited by concentrations in ranges ≤ 2.5-7.5 mg/ml. The oil was minor active towards Gram-positive rods (MIC ≤ 2.5-20.0 mg/ml). Among the strains the genus of Actinomyces odontolyticus (MIC = 5.0 mg/ml) and Actinomyces viscosus (MIC ≤ 2.5-7.5 mg/ml) were the most susceptible. The growth of rods of Bifidobacterium breve was inhibited by concentrations 10.0 mg/ml. The data indicates that the Gram-negative rods were the less susceptible than Gram-positive bacteria to cypress oil. Conclusions. Among Gram-negative rods the most susceptible were the strains Tannerella forsythia, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Porphyromonas levii. The oil was more active against Gram-positive cocci. Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria demonstrate the more susceptible to Cypress oil then Gram-positive rods.

Ocena działania olejku majerankowego wobec bakterii beztlenowych

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Andrzej W. Kędzia ◽  
Henry O. Meissner ◽  
Joanna Wiśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Tannerella Forsythia ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction. Sweet majoram (Origanum majorana L.), green plant from family Lamiaceae is common used in traditional medicine. Herba majoranae containing from 1 to 3.5% essential oil. The main components of the oil depend on the geographic origin of the plant and include: terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol, terpinene, γ-terpinene, cis-sabinene hydrate, p-cymene, triterpenic acid, phenolic acid, flavonoids glycosides, tanins, diterpenoids and triterpenoids. The oil is used for treatment of lung diseases, spleen, kidneys, hepatitis, alimentary tract and headaches. It has antiemetic, anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated from oral cavity to majoram oil. Material and methods. A total of 57 anaerobic bacteria belonging to the genus of Porphyromonas (4 strains), Prevotella (9), Bacteroides (11), Parabacteroides (1), Tannerella (2), Fusobacterium (7), 11 strains of Gram-positive cocci, 12 strains of Gram-positive rods and 6 reference strains were tested. Investigation was carried out using the plate dilution technique in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemine. Inoculum containing 106 CFU per spot was seeded with Steers replicator upon the agar with various oil concentrations as well as upon that no majoram oil (Semifarm, Elbląg). The concentrations oil were: 0.06, 0.12, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml. The plate were incubated in anaerobic conditions, in anaerobic jars for 48 hours in 37°C. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was interpreted as the lowest concentrations oil inhibiting the growth of strains of anaerobes. Results and discussion. The results of investigations indicated that the from Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genus of Bacteroides uniformis, Tannerella forsythia and Bacteroides vulgatus were the most susceptible to the essential oil (MIC <0.06-0.5 mg/ml). But the 89% strains from genus of Prevotella was sensitive to 2.0 mg/ml and more. Tested oil was less active against the strains from genera of Fusobacterium. MIC of the strains were in ranges 1.0-> 2.0 mg/ml. The rods from the genera Prevotella bivia, Prevotella buccalis, Prevotella loescheii, Bacteroides fragilis, Parabacteroides distasonis and Fusobacterium nucleatum were the lowest sensitive (MIC > 2.0 mg/ml). The oil was very active vs. Gram-positive cocci. MIC for 50% this strains was in ranges < 0.06-0.25 mg/ml. But the Gram-positive rods were less sensitive. The growth of the strains were inhibited by concentrations in ranges 1.0-> 2.0 mg/ml (without Actinomyces viscosus – MIC 1.0 mg/ml). It appears that Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria were more susceptible to majoram oil than Gram-negative rods. Conclusions. The most susceptible to majoram oil from Gram-negative bacteria were rods of Bacteroides uniformis, Tannerella forsythia and Bacteroides vulgatus. The oil was very active against Gram-positive cocci and rods. The Gram-negative anaerobes were less susceptible to majoram oil than Gram-positive anaerobes.

Oddziaływanie na bakterie beztlenowe olejku jałowcowego (Oleum Juniperi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Elżbieta Hołderna-Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Propionibacterium Granulosum ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction. Juniper berries have been used in ancient in folk medicine for treatment infections, as a spice for meat, and preparation of gin and raki. Juniper (Juniperus communis L.) belongs to the Cupressaceae family. It is an evergreen tree or shrub and achieve from 2 to 10 m high. Its berries produced essential oil, which contain α-pinene, camphene, limonene, cadinene, terpinen-4-ol, myrcene, β-pinene, sabinene, flavonoids, resins, organic acids, and tannins. The oil is used for treatment various diseases. It demonstrate antimicrobial properties. Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria of oral cavity to juniper oil. Material and methods. The 56 of anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients, in it Gram-negative rods (31 strains), Gram-positive cocci (13) Gram-positive rods (12) and 8 reference strains were tested. Investigation was carried out using the plate dilution technique in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. Inoculum containing 106 CFU per spot was seeded with Steers replicator upon the agar with oil or without the oil (strains growth control). Concentration of dated oil were: 2,0, 5,0, 7,5, 10,0, 15,0 and 20,0 mg/ml. The plate was incubated in anaerobic condition in anaerobic jar in 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was interpreted as the lowest concentration of juniper oil inhibiting the growth of tested bacteria. Results and discussion. The results of the experiments indicated, that rods from Gram-negative anaerobes, the strains belonging to the genera of Prevotella and Porphyromonas, were the most susceptible to essential oil. The MIC’s for the strains be within from 5,0 to 10,0 mg/ml. The lowest sensitive were the rods from genera Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Tannerella (MIC > 20,0 mg/ml). From among Gram-positive cocci the most sensitive to oil were the strains from genus Finegoldia magna. The oil was active towards half of the strains in concentration < 2,5 mg/ml. The tested Gram-positive rods were the less sensitive (MIC 5,0-> 20,0 mg/ml). From this group, the strains Actinomyces viscosus demonstrated the sensitivity on 5,0 to 7,5 mg/ml. The most resistance were the rods Actinomyces odontolyticus and Propionibacterium granulosum (MIC > 20,0 mg/ml). Conclusions. The lowest susceptible to juniper oil from Gram-negative bacteria were genus of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Tannerella. The oil was the most active against strains of Prevotella and Porphyromonas. The cocci were the more susceptible than Gram-positive rods. The Gram-positive anaerobes showed high susceptibility to juniperus oil than Gram-negative rods.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Antibacterial activity of certain Saudi Arabian medicinal plants used in folk medicine against different groups of bacteria

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-395
Author(s):  
ABDULLAH A. AL-GHANAYEM ◽  
SANAD M. AL SOBEAI ◽  
MOHAMMED S. ALHUSSAINI ◽  
BABU JOSEPH ◽  
ABDULMONEIM MOHAMMAD SAADABI
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive

Al-Ghanayem AA, Al Sobeai SM, Alhussaini MS, Joseph B, Saadabi AM. 2017. Antibacterial activity of certain Saudi Arabian medicinal plants used in folk medicine against different groups of bacteria. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 392-395. Medicinal plants from Saudi Arabia has been used in folk medicine for treatment of many diseases. The present research is on medicinal plants, which are locally available such as Acacia ehrenbergiana (Arabic: Salam) (Fabaceae), Calotropis procera (Arabic: Ausher) (Apocynaceae), Haloxylon salicornicum (Arabic: Rimth) (Amaranthaceae), Panicum turgidum (Arabic: Thuman) (Poaceae), Tamarix arabica (Arabic: Athal) (Tamaricaceae), Rhazya stricta (Arabic: Harmal) (Apocynaceae) Rumex vesicarius (Arabic: Humeid) (Polygonaceae) for antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) has been determined by broth micro dilution method. A. ehrenbergiana was active against Klebsiella pneumoniae. R. vesicarius and T. arabica showed antibacterial activity against Proteus vulgaris. C. procera showed a moderate inhibitory activity against the bacterial pathogens tested. H. salicornicum extract was more effective towards Gram-positive bacteria. However, other extracts such as P. turgidum and R. stricta were less active against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria tested. The results will be helpful in discovering new phytochemical components with antibacterial activity that can be used against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains.

Ocena aktywności olejku imbirowego (Oleum Zingiberis) wobec bakterii beztlenowych

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Andrzej W. Kędzia ◽  
Joanna Wiśniewska ◽  
Marek Ciecierski
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction. Zingiber officinale from family Zingiberaceae is known as ginger. Its common names are African Ginger, Cocchin Ginger, Jamaican Ginger, Black Ginger, Gan jiang, Ingwer, Gegibre and Rice Ginger. It was used in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine to treat headaches, nausea and colds. In Mexican medicine have been used to treat gastrointestinal complaints. It is one of the frequently used spices in many countries of the world. It can be consumed as a fresh or dried to prepared tea, soft drinks and bread. The plant grown to 1 m high. The rhizome contain volatile oil. The major components of ginger are mono- and sesquiterpens, in it zingiberene and zingiberol. Futhermore oil contain borneol, cyneole, citral, camphene, β-phellandrene, zingerone, shogaol, geranyl acetate, geraniol, curcumene, terpineol, limonene, linalool, α-farnesene, neral and 6-gingerol. Research carried out on ginger indicated, that components to have antiinflammatory, antiplateled aggregation, antioxidant, antidiabetic, cholesterol-lowering, blood pressure-lowering and anticancer properties. Aim. The goal of this dates was to test the antimicrobial activity of ginger oil against anaerobes. Material and methods. The anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated from oral cavity. A total 53 strains isolated from patients and 6 reference strains were examined. The members of following genera were tested: Porphyromonas (4 strains), Prevotella (9), Bacteroides (8), Parabacteroides (1), Tannerella (2), Fusobacterium (7) and after 11 strains of Gram-positive cocci and Gram-positive rods and 6 reference strains from genus: Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica ATCC 29743, Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586, Finegoldia magna ATCC 29328, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ATCC 27337 and Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 11827. Susceptibility (MIC) was determined by the two-fold dilution technique in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. The inoculum containing 106 CFU/per spot was seeded with Steers replicator upon the surface of agar with ginger oil (Semifarm, Gdańsk) or without the oil (the strains growth control). Concentrations of oil used were 20.0, 10.0, 7.5, 5.0, 2.5 and 1.2 mg/ml. Incubation the plates was performed in anaerobic conditions in anaerobic jar, at 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentrations of ginger oil that completely inhibited the growth of tested anaerobes. Results. The results showed, that the most susceptible from Gram-anaerobic bacteria to ginger oil in ranges ≤ 1.26-5.0 mg/ml were the strains from genus of Tannerella forsythia and Bacteroides uniformis. The others of Gram-negative rods were susceptible to oil in ranges 10.0-≥ 20.0 mg/ml. The strains belonging to the genus of Prevotella bivia, Prevotella buccalis and Parabacteroides distasonis were the lowest sensitive to tested oil (MIC ≥ 20.0 mg/ml). The ginger oil was very active against Gram-positive cocci. MIC’s for all the tested strains were to the concentrations from 5.0 to 10.0 mg/ml. The oil characterized similarly of activity in case Gram-positive rods. The date showed, that 82% this strains were susceptible to concentration – 10.0 mg/ml. Conclusions. The results indicated that the ginger oil showed antibacterial activity against all tested anaerobic bacteria. The more susceptible to oil were the Gram-positive cocci and rods then Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Ramoplanin, Teicoplanin, Vancomycin, Linezolid, Bacitracin, and Four Other Antimicrobials against Intestinal Anaerobic Bacteria

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 2334-2338 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Citron ◽  
C. V. Merriam ◽  
K. L. Tyrrell ◽  
Y. A. Warren ◽  
H. Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Fusobacterium Varium

ABSTRACT By using an agar dilution method, the in vitro activities of ramoplanin, teicoplanin, vancomycin, linezolid, and five other agents were determined against 300 gram-positive and 54 gram-negative strains of intestinal anaerobes. Ramoplanin was active at ≤2 μg/ml against 287 of 300 (95.7%) gram-positive organisms, including 18 strains of Clostridium difficile for which MICs of ramoplanin were 0.25 to 0.5 μg/ml; for 3 of these, linezolid MICs were 8 to 16 μg/ml. Nineteen Clostridium innocuum strains for which the vancomycin MIC at which 90% of strains were inhibited was 16 μg/ml were susceptible to ramoplanin at 0.06 to 0.25 μg/ml and to teicoplanin at 0.125 to 1.0 μg/ml. All strains of Eubacterium, Actinomyces, Propionibacterium, and Peptostreptococcus spp. were inhibited by ≤0.25 μg of ramoplanin per ml and ≤1 μg of vancomycin per ml. Ramoplanin was also active at ≤4 μg/ml against 15 of 22 of the Prevotella and Porphyromonas strains tested, but ramoplanin MICs for all 31 strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group, the Fusobacterium mortiferum-Fusobacterium varium group, and Veillonella spp. were ≥256 μg/ml. Ramoplanin displays excellent activity against C. difficile and other gram-positive enteric anaerobes, including vancomycin-resistant strains; however, it has poor activity against most gram-negative anaerobes and thus potentially has a lesser effect on the ecological balance of normal fecal flora.

Przeciwbakteryjna aktywność olejku tatarakowego (Oleum Calami) wobec bakterii beztlenowych

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kędzia ◽  
Andrzej W. Kędzia
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction. The plants have been used for many thousands of years in medicine ancient Roma and Egypt. Among usage a herb was calamus. It was importation to Poland probably in XIII age. Calamus to grown on lowlands, on pond and lakes shares. Acorus calamus belongs to the family Araceae. The herb having rhizome with many nodes, elongated leaves with intensive smelling. In etheric oil are components as: α- and β-azarone, cyperenone, cyperole, acorine, acorytine, caryophylene, isoasarone, saflor, eugenol, camphor, geranyl acetate, cyperdone, spathulenol, borneol, linalool and linolenic acid. The oil has various pharmacological and antimicrobial activities. Aim. The goal of the investigation was to test activity calamus oil against anaerobic bacteria. Material and methods. The anaerobic bacteria were isolated from oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. The strains of following genera were tested: Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Fusobacterium, Finegoldia, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium, Propionibacterium. The data volume 9 reference strains. The concentration the calamus oil (Semifarm) were: 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.12 and 0.06 mg/ml. The investigations was carried out using plate dilution technique method in Brucella agar supplemented with 5% defibrynated sheep blood, menadione and hemin. Inoculum containing 106 CFU per 1 ml was seeded with Steers replicator upon the agar with oil or without the oil (strains growth control). The agar plates was incubated in anaerobic condition in anaerobic jar in mixed of gases (10% C02 , 10% H2 i 80% N2) with palladium catalyst and anaerobiosis indicator, in 37°C for 48 hrs. The MIC was recorded by reading the lowest concentration the inhibited growth of anaerobic bacteria. Results. The results showed, that the most susceptible from genus of Bacteroides were the rods of Bacteroides uniformis (MIC ≤ 0.06-0.25 mg/ml). The strain Bacteroides ureolyticus and Bacteroides vulgatus were susceptible to 0.5 mg/ml, and Bacteroides fragilis to ≥ 20.0 mg/ml. The growth rods from genus Porphyromonas was inhibited by concentrations ≤ 0.06-0.25 mg/ml. The calamus oil was active against Gram-positive rods in range 0.25-0.5 mg/ml. The growth of Actinomyces, Bifidobacterium and Propionibacterium was inhibited by oil concentration 0.25-0.5 mg/ml. The Gram-positive cocci was susceptible to concentrations with ranges from ≤ 0.06 to 1.0 mg/ml. The most susceptible from the cocci was the strains Parvimonas micra (MIC < 0.06 mg/ml). The results other authors to confirm that Gram-positive rods are more susceptible to calamus oil than Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Conclusions. The calamus oil was high activity towards tested anaerobic bacteria. The most susceptible among Gram-negative rods was Bacteroides ureolyticus, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Porphyromonas levii. Gram-positive cocci were more susceptible on calamus oil than Gram-positive rods. The tested oil demonstrated the more activity towards Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative anaerobic rods.

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