2022 Bern Consensus Statement on Shoulder Injury Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Return to Sport for Athletes at All Participation Levels

Concussion is a frequent injury in many sports and is also common in para athletes. However, there is a paucity of concussion research related to para sport, and prior International Concussion in Sport (CIS) consensus papers have not substantively addressed this population. To remedy this and to improve concussion care provided to para athletes, the concussion in para sport (CIPS) multidisciplinary expert group was created. This group analysed and discussed in-depth para athlete-specific issues within the established key clinical domains of the current (2017) consensus statement on CIS. Due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the group held all meetings by video conferencing. The existing Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5) for the immediate on-field and office-based off-field assessment of concussion was evaluated as part of this process, to identify any para athlete-specific concerns. Regular preparticipation and periodic health examinations are essential to determine a baseline reference point for concussion symptoms but pose additional challenges for the interpreting clinician. Further considerations for concussion management for the para athlete are required within the remove, rest, reconsider and refer consensus statement framework. Considering return to sport (RTS), the 2017 CIS consensus statement has limitations when considering the RTS of the para athlete. Case-by-case decision making related to RTS following concussion is imperative for para athletes. Additional challenges exist for the evaluation and management of concussion in para athletes. There is a need for greater understanding of existing knowledge gaps and attitudes towards concussion among athlete medical staff, coaches and para athletes. Future research should investigate the use and performance of common assessment tools in the para athlete population to better guide their clinical application and inform potential modifications. Concussion prevention strategies and sport-specific rule changes, such as in Para Alpine Skiing and Cerebral Palsy Football, also should be carefully considered to reduce the occurrence of concussion in para athletes.

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The effect of shoulder injury prevention exercise program on shoulder joint range of motion and upper extremity dynamic balance in female adolescent volleyball players

Sports Science ◽

10.46394/iss.39.3.18 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 159-166

Author(s):

Ahhyeon Noh ◽

EunKuk Kim

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Injury Prevention ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Female Adolescent ◽

Shoulder Injury ◽

Joint Range Of Motion ◽

Joint Range

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Wearable IMU for Shoulder Injury Prevention in Overhead Sports

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s16111847 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1847 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Samir Rawashdeh ◽

Derek Rafeldt ◽

Timothy Uhl

Keyword(s):

Injury Prevention ◽

Shoulder Injury ◽

Overhead Sports

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Risk factors for, and prevention of, shoulder injuries in overhead sports: a systematic review with best-evidence synthesis

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2017-098254 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (20) ◽

pp. 1312-1319 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Martin Asker ◽

Hannah L Brooke ◽

Markus Waldén ◽

Ulrika Tranaeus ◽

Fredrik Johansson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Injury Prevention ◽

Evidence Synthesis ◽

Shoulder Injuries ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Shoulder Injury ◽

Limited Evidence ◽

Best Evidence Synthesis ◽

Overhead Sports

ObjectiveTo assess the evidence for risk factors and prevention measures for shoulder injuries in overhead sports.DesignSystematic review with best-evidence synthesis.Data sourcesMedline (Ovid), PubMed (complementary search), Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane (Wiley), SPORTDiscus (Ebsco) and Web of Science Core Collection (Thomson Reuters), from 1 January 1990 to 15 May 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies on risk factors or prevention measures for shoulder injuries in overhead sports. The eligible studies were quality assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network criteria.ResultsOf 4778 studies identified, 38 were eligible for quality review and 17 met the quality criteria to be included in the evidence synthesis. One additional quality study presented a shoulder injury prevention programme. Most studies focused on baseball, lacrosse or volleyball (n=13). The risk factors examined included participation level (competition vs training) (n=10), sex (n=4), biomechanics (n=2) and external workload (n=2). The evidence for all risk factors was limited or conflicting. The effect of the prevention programme within the subgroup of uninjured players at baseline was modest and possibly lacked statistical power.ConclusionsAll investigated potential risk factors for shoulder injury in overhead sports had limited evidence, and most were non-modifiable (eg, sex). There is also limited evidence for the effect of shoulder injury prevention measures in overhead sports.PROSPERO trial registration numberCRD42015026850.

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