scholarly journals Observations on Stela Metropolitan Museum 12.183.8

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Arkady E. Demidchik
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Museum ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
First Intermediate Period ◽  
The Right ◽  
Official Status

The ancient Egyptian false-door stela of Neferiu from the Denderite nome has several unusual features: on the right jambs he boasts that “nourished (even) the great in the year of famine” and claims that the god Iqer awarded him prosperous longevity; on the left he is depicted as a portly old man; etc. How can these peculiarities be explained? During the First Intermediate Period in the Denderite nome false-door stelae were a luxury appropriate only for top officials and their nearest relatives. However, the false door of Neferiu is an exception to this rule. He is not said to have held any office, and although his ranking titles seem relatively high, we know that at that period such titles were often appropriated by provincials devoid of top positions. Thus, on account of his low “official status” (if any at all), Neferiu needed to inventively justify his moral right to his prestigious false door, and this is the purport of his inscription on its right jambs. The reference to “nourishing (even) the great” implies that in the year of famine Neferiu, owing to his wealth and generosity, turned out to be a more useful person for his town than even its top officials. His claims that he “was aggrandized beyond great men and officials” and praised by “the entire town” also put him on a par with local magnates. His prosperous longevity, “documented” by his “elderly” representation on the left, is said to have been granted by the god Iqer (in gratitude for the salvation of his townspeople, the god’s flock and providers). Meanwhile, it was mostly nomarchs and overseers of priests who attributed their good fortune to the favor of a local god. So, since Neferiu was a man useful for his town no less than its top officials, was he not – just like them – also worthy of a false-door?

scholarly journals Realignments of Memory: Legitimacy of the Egyptian Past in the Prophecies of Neferty

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
Victor Braga Gurgel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Narrative Frame ◽  
Egyptian Literature ◽  
First Intermediate Period

The Prophecies of Neferty, whose sole complete copy is preserved on Papyrus Hermitage 1116B recto, has a narrative frame situated during Sneferu’s reign. A great part of it describes the time of chaos (isft) during the First Intermediate Period, with order (mAat) finally being redeployed by Amenemhet I. Considering the above, in this paper we aim to comprehend the ways maet is used to construct an idealized image of the past in Neferty. In order to pursue these tasks, we define our theoretical approaches to “ancient Egyptian literature”, as well as a brief introduction to cultural memory, according to Jan Assmann, settling its connection with Neferty. Subsequently, we give a description of the source, discussing the dating of the text, along with its content. Finally, we proceed with content analysis of the text, focusing on maet and its relation to the pharaoh and an ideal vision of the past.

scholarly journals Reconstructing Ancient Egyptian Diet through Bone Elemental Analysis Using LIBS (Qubbet el Hawa Cemetery)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Darwish Al-Khafif ◽  
Rokia El-Banna
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Middle Kingdom ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
First Intermediate Period

One of the most important advantages of LIBS that make it suitable for the analysis of archeological materials is that it is a quasi-nondestructive technique. Archeological mandibles excavated from Qubbet el Hawa Cemetery, Aswan, were subjected to elemental analysis in order to reconstruct the dietary patterns of the middle class of the Aswan population throughout three successive eras: the First Intermediate Period (FIP), the Middle Kingdom (MK), and the Second Intermediate Period (SIP). The bone Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios were significantly correlated, so the Sr/Ca ratios are considered to represent the ante-mortem values. It was suggested that the significantly low FIP Sr/Ca compared to that of both the MK and the SIP was attributed to the consumption of unusual sorts of food and imported cereals during years of famine, while the MK Sr/Ca was considered to represent the amelioration of climatic, social, economic, and political conditions in this era of state socialism. The SIP Sr/Ca, which is nearly the same as that of the MK, was considered to be the reflection of the continuity of the individualism respect and state socialism and a reflection of agriculture conditions amelioration under the reign of the 17th Dynasty in Upper Egypt.

scholarly journals Identification of proteins from 4200-year-old skin and muscle tissue biopsies from ancient Egyptian mummies of the first intermediate period shows evidence of acute inflammation and severe immune response

2016 ◽  
Vol 374 (2079) ◽  
pp. 20150373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Jones ◽  
Mehdi Mirzaei ◽  
Prathiba Ravishankar ◽  
Dylan Xavier ◽  
Do Seon Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
First Intermediate Period ◽  
Microscopy Data

We performed proteomics analysis on four skin and one muscle tissue samples taken from three ancient Egyptian mummies of the first intermediate period, approximately 4200 years old. The mummies were first dated by radiocarbon dating of the accompany-\break ing textiles, and morphologically examined by scanning electron microscopy of additional skin samples. Proteins were extracted, separated on SDS–PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) gels, and in-gel digested with trypsin. The resulting peptides were analysed using nanoflow high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. We identified a total of 230 unique proteins from the five samples, which consisted of 132 unique protein identifications. We found a large number of collagens, which was confirmed by our microscopy data, and is in agreement with previous studies showing that collagens are very long-lived. As expected, we also found a large number of keratins. We identified numerous proteins that provide evidence of activation of the innate immunity system in two of the mummies, one of which also contained proteins indicating severe tissue inflammation, possibly indicative of an infection that we can speculate may have been related to the cause of death. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Quantitative mass spectrometry’.

The Embalming Art in the Modern Age: The Mummies of Caroline, Letizia and Joachim-Napoleon Agar as Examples of Funerary Rites in the Napoleonic Empire

Nuncius ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Marinozzi
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Kingdom Of Naples ◽  
History Of ◽  
Funerary Rites ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shed Light

In the early 1980s a systematic investigation was begun by G. Fornaciari and his staff of a series of mummies from central and southern Italy, and in particular of important Renaissance remains. The study of a substantial number of artificial mummies has shed light on the human embalming techniques connected with the methods and procedures described by medical and non-medical authors in the early modern period. This has made it possible to reconstruct the history of the art of mummification, from the ‘clyster’ techniques to the partial or total evisceration of the corpse, to the intravascular injection of drying and preserving liquors. In addition to the bodies of Aragonese princes and members of the Neapolitan nobility, interred in the Basilica of San Domenico in Naples are the remains of important French personages dating to the modern age. Among the tombs arranged in two parallel rows to the right of the balcony are four sarcophagi containing the bodies of the wife and three children of Jean Antoine Michel Agar, who served as the Minister of Finance of the Kingdom of Naples from 1809 to 1815. The type of wrapping used for the corpses of the children presents strong analogies to those of ancient Egyptian mummies.

Autobiographische Textüberlieferung im Alten Reich anhand phraseologischer „Cluster“

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Nicole Kloth
Keyword(s):  
Common Source ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
Intermediate Period ◽  
Lower Ranking ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
First Intermediate Period

Summary There exists a group of texts among the autobiographical inscriptions of the Old Kingdom that, due to their close phraseological relationship, must go back to a common source, and which can be described as “Saqqara group” according to their place of origin. It dates back to the turn from the 5th to the 6th dynasty. This group can now be extended by additional autobiographies and furthermore differentiated. The classical creation of a stemma cannot be used, but instead different significant text sequences, which are called “clusters” here, are examined. The texts of this autobiographical cluster, starting from Saqqara, find their prolongation at the beginning of the 6th dynasty in El-Hawawish and it can be observed that they are transferred from higher-ranking officials at the end of the Old Kingdom to lower-ranking officials in the First Intermediate Period.

Mock Research Proposal on Unregistered Syrian Climate Refugees in Jarraheih Camp of Bekaa, Lebanon

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Silverberg
Keyword(s):  
Community Organization ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Official Status ◽  
Climate Refugees

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century, displacing a global annual average of 26.4 million people due to climate-related disasters. Currently, over 1.1 million Syrian refugees have fled to Lebanon due to climate-related drought and subsequent war, with 320,000 who remain unregistered by the UNHCR. Unregistered refugees are restricted from accessing services, shelter, and financial means for survival and risk arrest, detention, and deportation by Lebanese authorities for not having proper documentation and paid residency fees. These consequences are felt the most in refugee camps along the Syrian-Lebanese border region such as Bekaa, Lebanon. Despite the presence of humanitarian aid, refugees in camps are left in legal limbo, deprived of accessing the right to have rights. Specifically, for climate refugees, international treaties or future mitigation mechanisms are lacking, exacerbating their vulnerability. Therefore, this research questions the physical and social experiences of unregistered Syrian climate refugees in the Jarrahieh camp, Bekaa, Lebanon. The intention is to determine how these refugees, without official status, are impacted and coping with current federal and international legislative measures. By working with the refugees and key local actors, this research aims to understand how solidary and community organization can be formed within the current legal system to facilitate smoother adaptation and resettlement for climate refugees. Using participatory observation, focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and archival research, the practical outcome is a solidarity group that is established, run, and evaluated by a sample of unregistered Syrian climate refugee men and women aged 18-65.

scholarly journals «Мертвые Цари всегда должны по смерти своей быть судимы»: Посмертная судьба одного древнеегипетского обычая в русской и европейской словесности XVI – XIX вв. [“Dead Kings Must Always be Judged after Their Demise”: The Afterlife of an Ancient Egyptian Custom in the Russian and European Literature of the 16th to 19th Centuries]

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 9-47
Author(s):  
Maria Neklyudova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
French Literature ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Diodorus Siculus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Generous Support ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right

In his Bibliotheca historica, Diodorus Siculus described a peculiar Egyptian custom of judging all the dead (including the pharaohs) before their burial. The Greek historian saw it as a guarantee of Egypt’s prosperity, since the fear of being deprived of the right to burial served as a moral imperative. This story of an Egyptian custom fascinated the early modern authors, from lawyers to novelists, who often retold it in their own manner. Their interpretations varied depending on the political context: from the traditional “lesson to sovereigns” to a reassessment of the role of the subject and the duties of the orator. This article traces several intellectual trajectories that show the use and misuse of this Egyptian custom from Montaigne to Bossuet and then to Rousseau—and finally its adaptation by Pushkin and Vyazemsky, who most likely became acquainted with it through the mediation of French literature. The article was written in the framework (and with the generous support) of the RANEPA (ШАГИ РАНХиГС) state assignment research program. KEYWORDS: 16th to 19th-Century European and Russian Literature, Diodorus Siculus (1st century BC), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712—1778), Alexander Pushkin (1799—1837), Prince Pyotr Vyazemsky (1792—1878), Egyptian Сourt, Locus communis, Political Rhetoric, Literary Criticism, Pantheonization, History of Ideas.

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