scholarly journals Relative and Absolute Reliability of a Vertical Numerical Pain Rating Scale Supplemented With a Faces Pain Scale After Stroke

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-ling Chuang ◽  
Ching-yi Wu ◽  
Keh-chung Lin ◽  
Ching-ju Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Numerical Pain Rating Scale ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Pain Rating Scale ◽  
Absolute Reliability ◽  
Error Of Measurement

BackgroundPain is a serious adverse complication after stroke. The combination of a vertical numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) and a faces pain scale (FPS) has been advocated to measure pain after stroke.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to investigate whether an NPRS supplemented with an FPS (NPRS-FPS) would show good test-retest reliability in people with stroke. The relative and absolute reliability of the NPRS-FPS were examined.DesignA test-retest design was used for this study.MethodsFifty people (>3 months after stroke) participating in an outpatient occupational therapy program were recruited through medical centers to rate current pain intensity twice, at a 1-week interval, with the NPRS-FPS (on a scale from 0 to 10). The relative reliability of the NPRS-FPS was analyzed with the intraclass correlation coefficient for determining the degree of consistency and agreement between 2 measures. The standard error of measurement, the smallest real difference, and Bland-Altman limits of agreement were the absolute reliability indexes used to quantify measurement errors and determine systematic biases of repeated measurements.ResultsThe relative reliability of the NPRS-FPS was substantial (intraclass correlation coefficient=.82). The standard error of measurement and the smallest real difference at the 90% confidence interval of the NPRS-FPS were 0.81 and 1.87, respectively. The Bland-Altman analyses revealed no significant systematic bias between repeated measurements for the NPRS-FPS. The range of the limits of agreement for the NPRS-FPS was narrow (−2.50 to 1.90), indicating a high level of stability and little variation over time.LimitationsThe pain intensity of the participants ranged from no pain to a moderate level of pain.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the NPRS-FPS is a reliable measure of pain in people with stroke, with good relative and absolute reliability.

Test–Retest Reliability of Skill Tests in the F-MARC Battery for Youth Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Padrón-Cabo ◽  
Ezequiel Rey ◽  
Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós ◽  
Anton Kalén
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Absolute Reliability ◽  
Error Of Measurement

This study aimed to evaluate the test–retest reliability of soccer skill tests belonging to the F-MARC test battery. To avoid bias during talent identification and development, coaches and scouts should be using reliable tests for assessing soccer-specific skills in young male players. Fifty-two U-14 outfield male soccer players performed F-MARC soccer skill tests on two occasions, separated by 7 days. After familiarization, we administered two trial sessions of five skill tests: speed dribbling, juggling, shooting, passing, and heading. We assessed absolute reliability by expressing the standard error of measurement as a coefficient of variation with 95% limits of agreement, and we assessed relative reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient and with Pearson’s correlation ( r). The results demonstrated satisfactory relative and absolute reliability for speed dribbling, right foot juggling, short passing, shooting a dead ball right, shooting from a pass, heading in front, and heading right. However, reliability values for left foot juggling, chest-head-foot juggling, head-left-foot-right foot-chest-head juggling, long pass, and shooting a dead ball left tests were not strong enough to suggest their usage by coaches in training or sport scientists in research.

scholarly journals Minimal Clinically Important Differences for Measures of Pain, Lung Function, Fatigue, and Functionality in Spinal Cord Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida Sobreira ◽  
Miguel P Almeida ◽  
Ana Gomes ◽  
Marlene Lucas ◽  
Ana Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Fatigue Severity ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Pain Rating Scale ◽  
Error Of Measurement

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to determine the MCIDs for the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), peak cough flow (PCF), peak expiratory flow (PEF), fatigue severity scale (FSS), and London chest activities of daily living scale (LCADL) in patients with SCI after rehabilitation. Methods Inpatients with SCI from two rehabilitation centres participating in a daily rehabilitation programme were recruited. The NPRS, PCF, PEF, FSS, and LCADL were collected at baseline and discharge. The global rating of change (GRC) scale was performed at discharge. MCIDs were calculated using anchor (linear regression, mean change and receiver operating characteristic curves) and distribution-based methods (0.5 times the baseline standard deviation, standard error of measurement (SEM), 1.96 times SEM, and minimal detectable change) and pooled using arithmetic weighted mean. Results Sixty inpatients with SCI (36 males; 54.5 (15.9) years) participated. On average their rehabilitation programme lasted 7.3 (1.7) weeks. Pooled MCID estimates were − 1.6 points for the NPRS, 69.8 L/min for the PCF, 77.4 L/min for the PEF, 1.1 points for the FSS, and 1.4 points for the LCADL. Conclusion Established MCIDs for NPRS, PCF, PEF, FSS, and LCADL will help health professionals to interpret results and guide rehabilitation interventions in patients with SCI.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of Two Field-Based Leg Stiffness Devices: Implications for Practical Use

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Ruggiero ◽  
Susan Dewhurst ◽  
Theodoros M. Bampouras
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Leg Stiffness ◽  
Sporting Activities ◽  
Bias Range ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Error Of Measurement

Leg stiffness is an important performance determinant in several sporting activities. This study evaluated the criterion-related validity and reliability of 2 field-based leg stiffness devices, Optojump Next® (Optojump) and Myotest Pro® (Myotest) in different testing approaches. Thirty-four males performed, on 2 separate sessions, 3 trials of 7 maximal hops, synchronously recorded from a force platform (FP), Optojump and Myotest. Validity (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r; relative mean bias; 95% limits of agreement, 95%LoA) and reliability (coefficient of variation, CV; intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC; standard error of measurement, SEM) were calculated for first attempt, maximal attempt, and average across 3 trials. For all 3 methods, Optojump correlated highly to the FP (range r = .98–.99) with small bias (range 0.91–0.92, 95%LoA 0.86–0.98). Myotest demonstrated high correlation to FP (range r = .81–.86) with larger bias (range 1.92–1.93, 95%LoA 1.63–2.23). Optojump yielded a low CV (range 5.9% to 6.8%), high ICC (range 0.82–0.86), and SEM ranging 1.8–2.1 kN/m. Myotest had a larger CV (range 8.9% to 13.0%), moderate ICC (range 0.64–0.79), and SEM ranging from 6.3 to 8.9 kN/m. The findings present important information for these devices and support the use of a time-efficient single trial to assess leg stiffness in the field.

Reliability of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt measurements using a modified digital inclinometer in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Da-In An ◽  
Jung-Eun Park ◽  
Chang-Hyung Lee ◽  
Soo-Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Subacromial Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Subacromial Impingement ◽  
Digital Inclinometer ◽  
Posterior Tilt ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Absolute Reliability ◽  
Anterior Posterior

BACKGROUD: Reliable scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt data are required for patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Only a few studies have explored the reliability of such measurements derived using a modified inclinometer. OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative and absolute reliability of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt measurements derived using a modified digital inclinometer in patients with SIS. METHOD: Seventeen SIS patients were assessed twice within 1 week. We determined the relative and absolute measurement reliability by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Both intra- and interrater reliability were determined. RESULTS: The intra-rater reliability (both measurements) was high (0.72–0.88), and the interrater ICC was high to excellent (0.72–0.98). Clinically acceptable SEM and MCID values were obtained for scapular upward rotation (SEM: 4.28–9.33∘, MCID: 5.1–11.3∘) and anterior-posterior tilt (SEM: 3.72–7.55∘, MCID: 2.5–10.8∘). CONCLUSIONS: Measurements of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt using a modified digital inclinometer reliably reveal scapular position and kinematics in patients with SIS.

Test–Retest Reliability of the Mini-BESTest in People With Mild to Moderate Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Wallin ◽  
M Kierkegaard ◽  
E Franzén ◽  
S Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Detectable Change ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Objective The mini-BESTest is a balance measure for assessment of the underlying physiological systems for balance control in adults. Evaluations of test–retest reliability of the mini-BESTest in larger samples of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) are lacking. The purpose of this study was to investigate test–retest reliability of the mini-BESTest total and section sum scores and individual items in people with mild to moderate overall MS disability. Methods This study used a test–retest design in a movement laboratory setting. Fifty-four people with mild to moderate overall MS disability according to the Expanded Disability Status scale (EDSS) were included, with 28 in the mild subgroup (EDSS 2.0–3.5) and 26 in the moderate subgroup (EDSS 4.0–5.5). Test–retest reliability of the mini-BESTest was evaluated by repeated measurements taken 1 week apart. Reliability and measurement error were analyzed. Results Test–retest reliability for the total scores were considered good to excellent, with intraclass correlation coefficients of .88 for the whole sample, .83 for the mild MS subgroup, and .80 for the moderate MS subgroup. Measurement errors were small, with standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change of 1.3 and 3.5, respectively, in mild MS, and 1.7 and 4.7, respectively, in moderate MS. The limits of agreement were − 3.4 and 4.6. Test–retest reliability for the section scores were fair to good or excellent; weighted kappa values ranged from .62 to .83. All items but 1 showed fair to good or excellent test–retest reliability, and percentage agreement ranged from 61% to 100%. Conclusions The mini-BESTest demonstrated good to excellent test–retest reliability and small measurement errors and is recommended for use in people with mild to moderate MS. Impact Knowledge of limits of agreement and minimal detectable change contribute to interpretability of the mini-BESTest total score. The findings of this study enhance the clinical usefulness of the test for evaluation of balance control and for designing individually customized balance training with high precision and accuracy in people with MS.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Strengthening and Aerobic Exercises among Geriatrics with Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 593-598
Author(s):  
Tamilselvi S ◽  
Anshu Gloria Ekka ◽  
Arul Jothi L
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Numerical Pain Rating Scale ◽  
Pain Rating Scale ◽  
Experimental Group

Joint inflammation might be a term regularly acclimated mean any confusion that influences joints. Manifestations for the most part, incorporate joint torment and firmness. Different manifestations may incorporate redness, warmth, growing, the diminished scope of movement of the influenced joints. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of strengthening and aerobic exercise among geriatrics with arthritis. A quantitative research approach with a quasi-experimental research design was used for the present study. A total of 60 arthritis clients who fall in the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling technique, among which 30 samples were in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The data were collected for both the groups, followed by the pre-test was conducted on the 1st day, the intensity level of pain was assessed by the numerical pain rating scale followed by the exercises which are effective in arthritis are a range of motion exercise, strengthening exercises (hand towel knee exercises, knee flexion, long arc quads), aerobic exercise (brisk walking) was initiated only in the experimental group. The post-test was conducted on 7th day and the level of pain was assessed by a numerical pain rating scale in both the groups. The results revealed that there was a significant reduction in the level of pain at p<0.0001 after the intervention among the experimental group. Thus, the study proves that strengthening and aerobic exercises can be used as an effective nursing intervention for reducing the arthritis pain among the geriatrics and it is easily applicable exercises, and also considered as a less cost-effective. These exercises can be practiced at home without any stress or harm and it has less side effect as compared to that of pharmacological interventions. 

scholarly journals Reliability of an isometric test for measuring the strength of the hip abductors and adductors

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoella Regina de Souza Silva ◽  
Thiago Keitiney Souza Teixeira Da Silva ◽  
Valdemi Xavier Delmondes Junior ◽  
Silvia Ribeiro Santos Araújo ◽  
Adriano Percival Calderaro Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Hip Abduction ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Dynamic Variables ◽  
Error Of Measurement ◽  
Familiarization Procedure

This study aimed to measure the reliability of a test for measuring the strength and strength imbalance of the hip abductors and adductors, using isokinetic equipment adapted for isometric testing. Thirteen healthy, physically active male individuals took part in the research. Two unilateral isometric tests were undertaken using a load cell attached to an adapted abductor bench machine: a hip abduction test and hip adduction test. Tests consisted of two maximum voluntary isometric contractions made for six seconds with a break of one minute between each. The following dynamic variables were measured: maximum force, mean force, rate of force development for each limb (right and left), and the existence of asymmetries between the limbs. For statistical analysis, the t-test, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and standard error of measurement (SEM) were applied. Results: The methodology utilized for the evaluation of the hip abductors and adductors did not show reliability in most of the parameters researched, with the ICC neither sufficient or low, and the retest performance higher than the test (p < 0.05). The applied test was not reliable for assessing strength and strength imbalances of hip abductors and adductors in most of the parameters investigated. These results indicate that the hip joints, more precisely, the abductor and adductor muscles, are complex structures to be assessed. They need to be previously familiarized with the proposed exercise, as their performance does not occur habitually. It is recommended to develop new tests in order to measure hip abduction and adduction strength adding a prior familiarization procedure.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Progressive Resisted Exercise along with Conventional Exercise and Conventional Exercise Program alone in Subjects with Text Neck Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 536-542
Author(s):  
Divya Jain ◽  
Swapna Jawade ◽  
Neha Chitale
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Pain Rating ◽  
Numerical Pain Rating Scale ◽  
Neck Disability ◽  
Pain Rating Scale

Background: "Text neck" is a term coined to describe the posture created by leaning forward for lengthy periods of time, such as when reading and texting on a cellphone which has been linked to stress injuries. Neck pain, upper back discomfort, shoulder pain, frequent headaches, and greater curvature of the spine are all dangerous indications of text neck. According to a survey, 35% of smartphone users suffer from text neck syndrome. People between the ages of 15 and 18 are more likely to have neck pain. This protocol has been created that describes the design of comparative study to evaluate effectiveness of progressive resisted exercise along with conventional exercise and conventional exercise program alone in text neck syndrome. Methods: The participants (n=80) will be recruited in the study suffering from text neck syndrome and meeting the inclusion criteria. Two groups will be formed such that patients in group A will be treated with conventional therapy and group B will be treated with progressive resisted exercise (PRE) along with conventional therapy. The protocol will cover 4 weeks of treatment. In the rehabilitation period, we will evaluate the pain intensity, strength of neck muscles and functional activity. Our outcome measures will be- Numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) and Neck disability index (NDI). Discussion: Efficacy of the intervention will be evaluated by analyzing the pain intensity by using Numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) and level of functional disability by using Neck disability index (NDI). The result of the study will significantly provide affirmation on either using combination therapy of PRE with conventional exercise or conventional exercise alone.

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