scholarly journals Effect of Meditation and Breathing Exercises on the Well-being of Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection under Institutional Isolation: A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kiran Mahendru ◽  
Anuja Pandit ◽  
Vishwajeet Singh ◽  
Nandan Choudhary ◽  
Anant Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Randomized Control

Objectives: The corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected every domain of human health be it physical or mental. The uncertainty of disease progression in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to major psychological and psychiatric concerns that should not be overlooked. The interventions should be directed to the vulnerable population to help them mitigate the stress and anxiety caused by the infection and isolation. We evaluated the effect of meditation and breathing exercises on the well-being of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection under institutional isolation. Materials and Methods: We conducted a randomized control trial on 84 subjects, 18 years and above, asymptomatic, or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected patients under institutional isolation. Subjects were randomly and equally divided into a control group and interventional group. We measured the depression, anxiety, and stress levels as well as quality of sleep in patients after 7 days of meditation and breathing exercises in the intervention group versus standard care in the control group. Results: Mediation and breathing exercises had a statistically significant effect on the depression level (P < 0.001), stress level (P = 0.004), and the quality of sleep [trouble falling asleep (P = 0.007), trouble staying asleep (P = 0.004), and feel tired after waking up in the morning (P = 0.003)]. Further, the positive effect of intervention on the level of anxiety in patients under isolation was also observed; however, the difference was not found to be statistically significant (P = 0.528). Conclusion: Meditation and breathing exercises have positive effects on depression, stress levels, and quality of sleep in COVID-19 positive patients under strict institutional isolation.

scholarly journals Direct Relationship Between Sleep Disorder and Depression Severity in Iranian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azar Pirdehghan ◽  
Somayeh Babaveisi ◽  
Soheila Panahi
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Sleep Pattern ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Falling Asleep

Background: Sleep pattern is one of the most important issues which can affect mental development in adolescents. Objectives: This study was designed to asses sleep pattern and its relationship with depression in order to obtain information for planning interventional programs and health promotion in adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on high school students in Hamadan, Iran in 2019. Mean age of the students was 16.53 ± 0.69 years (Min - Max: 15 - 19), and 290 (50.3%) students were girls. Samples were selected by multiple cluster sampling method in which 576 students were enrolled in the study. Two standard, valid and reliable self-reported questionnaire was used for recording sleep pattern (PSQ) and depression (Beck). After data collection, SPSS was used for data analysis. All P values less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Results: Nearly 70% of the adolescents had problems in some subscales of sleep disorder included in mental quality of sleep, delay in falling asleep and daily dysfunction. Among them in 10% sleep duration was less than 5 hours and in 69% usual bedtime was after midnight (24 o’clock). Severe sleep problem in boys and students with fine educational status was more than others (P value < 0.001) and there was a statically significant correlation between sleep disorder and depression score (Pearson correlation: r = 0.42; P < 0.001) and in students with severe sleep disorder, 48.9% were severely depressed. Conclusions: Problems in mental quality of sleep was notable in Iranian adolescents, almost half of them had some degree of depression symptoms. Being boy and having severe problem in sleep pattern were predictors for depression. This information might be applied for well-being as well as physical and mental development interventional programs such as sleep health screening and adolescents and their parents’ educational programs in adolescents’ health promotion sector.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Impact of Ethics of Yoga in the Psychological Health of College Students: A Randomized Control Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 995-1005
Author(s):  
Wen Xu ◽  
◽  
Itagi R Kumar ◽  
Thaiyar M Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
T Test ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group Comparisons

Background/Objectives: The foundational ethical principles of yoga have not been of focus and not widely known. This study was to evaluate the yoga ethics that could reduce the level of stress in college students. Methods/Statisticalanalysis :A randomized control trial was conducted. One hundred participants were randomly assigned to control group and experiment group with a duration of three months intervention and one month follow-up. The outcome measures of stress level were assessed through Bio-Well instrument. A parametric independent sample t-test for the between-group analyses and paired sample t-test for within-group analysis compared the means of two groups. Findings: There was a statistically significant reduction in the stress after the intervention (p<0.001) and follow up (p=0.035) between the group comparisons. The within-group comparisons showed high reduced in the level of stress after the intervention (p<0.001) and follow-up (p<0.01). Novelty: The current study provides preliminary evidence that the practice of ethical principles of Yama and Niyama effectively reduces the stress and may improve psychological health and well-being. Keywords: Yoga ethics; Yama; Niyama; Stress; Psychological wellbeing; BioWell

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF HIGH AND LOW INTENSITY REHABILITATION PROGRAMME IN CHRONIC PHASE OF GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME PATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gourav Kumar ◽  
Lalit Arora ◽  
Reena Arora
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercises

Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to conduct a randomized control trial to compare the effectiveness of high and low intensity rehabilitation programme in chronic phase of GBS patient. Methodology: 20 Patients were included in the study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. A written informed consent was signed by the subjects in their native language. The subjects were divided into two groups by simple random sampling. Group (A) Experimental Group (N=10): got treatment with High intensity rehabilitation exercises and Group (B) Control Group (N=10): got treatment with Low intensity rehabilitation exercises. Total rehabilitation program was for 12 months. The outcome measures for the both groups were Functional Independence Measure (FIM), World health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF), Perceived Impact of Problem Profile (PIPP). Results: Intention to treat analysis of data from 20 patients (experimental n=10, control n=10) showed reduced disability in the treatment group in post-treatment FIM domains (self- care, sphincter control, transfers, locomotion; all p<0.001) and WHOQOL-BREF domains (quality of life; all p<0.001) and PIPP domains (self-care, mobility; all p<0.001). The treatment group compared with control group showed significant improvement in function (FIM scores): 72% vs. 50%. Conclusion: High intensity rehabilitation programme compared with Low intensity low intensity rehabilitation programme is effective in reducing motor disability (mobility, self-care, continence) in chronic phase of GBS patients. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0720/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals KONTAKT© in Australian Adolescents on the Autism Spectrum: Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Afsharnejad ◽  
Marita Falkmer ◽  
Melissa H Black ◽  
Tasha Alach ◽  
Fabian Lenhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract Background: Individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience impairing challenges in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts. While social skills group training (SSGT) has shown moderate effects on various sociability outcomes in ASD, there is a need for (i) replication of effects in additional clinical and cultural contexts, (ii) designs which employ active control groups, (iii) calculation of health economic benefits, (iv) identification of the optimal training duration, and (v) measurement of individual goal and quality of life outcomes. Method: With the aim of investigating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a SSGT, KONTAKT©, a two-armed randomized control trial with adolescents aged 12 to17 years (N=90) with ASD and an intelligence quotient (IQ) of over 70 will be undertaken. Following stratification for centre and gender, participants will be randomly assigned to either KONTAKT© or to an active control group, a group-based cooking program. Participants will attend both programs in groups of 6 to 8 adolescents, over 16 one and a half hour sessions. The primary outcome examined is adolescent self-rated achievement of personally meaningful social goals as assessed via Goal Attainment Scaling during an interview with a blinded clinician. Secondary outcomes include adolescent self-reported interpersonal efficacy, quality of life, social anxiety, and loneliness, face emotion recognition performance and associated gaze behaviour, and parent proxy reports of autistic traits, quality of life, social functioning, emotion recognition and expression. Cost-effectiveness will be investigated in relation to direct and indirect societal and health care costs. Discussion: The primary outcomes of this study will be evidenced in the anticipated achievement of adolescents’ personally meaningful social goals following participation in KONTAKT© as compared to the active control group. This design will enable rigorous evaluation of the efficacy of KONTAKT©, exercising control over the possibly confounding effect of exposure to a social context of peers with a diagnosis of ASD. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): ACTRN12617001117303, registered 31 July 2017, anzctr.org.au; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03294668 registered 22 September 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov. Keywords: Social Skills, Adolescents, KONTAKT, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Training.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Smartphone-based Application on Stress Reduction: a Randomized Control Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunchan Hwang ◽  
Sun Mi Kim ◽  
Bo Netterstrøm ◽  
Doug Hyun Han
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Randomized Control

BACKGROUND Stress management within the workplace is important for a healthy mental and physical state. Due to technological advancements, individual-tailored therapy as well as online cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is on the rise. OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the efficacy of a smartphone application based on third-wave CBT tailored to the individual. METHODS A randomized control trial was conducted on 126 participants who were divided into two groups. The intervention group used the smartphone application “BetterLife” for 10 weeks whilst the control group was put on a waiting list for the same duration. The Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS), Korean Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment, abbreviated (WHOQOL), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were conducted at baseline and after 10 weeks in both groups. RESULTS Out of the 126 particiapnts, 11 dropped out during the trial. Two-way repeated measure analysis of covariance was conducted controlling for baseline BDI. There were greater improvements in PSS (F=24.33, P <.001, η2=0.17) and UWESK scores (F=8.32, P =.0046, η2=0.06) in the intervention group compared to the control group. WHOQOL scores exhibited statistically significance interactions in the intervention group in the overall quality of life (F=8.19, P =.0049, η2=0.06), and physical health (F= 8.87, P =.003, η2=0.07), psychological (F=13.32, P <.001, η2=0.10), social relationship (F= 19.43, P <.001, η2=0.14), and environmental domains (F= 10.14, P =.002, η2=0.08) but not in overall health (F= 1.68, P =.20). BDI showed a statistically significant improvement in the intervention group (F=7.17, P =.008, η2=0.06) as well as BAI (F=6.00, P =.02, η2=0.05), but this significance did not survive the Bonferroni’s correction (P <.005). CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence that a smartphone application-based CBT is a viable option for reducing stress in the workplace. CLINICALTRIAL This trial has been registered in the Clinical Research Information Service (KCT0003231), a member of the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.

scholarly journals The effect of music therapy on chronic pain, quality of life and quality of sleep in adolescents after transthoracic occlusion of ventricular septal defect

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. E305-E310
Author(s):  
Ze-Wei Lin ◽  
Jian-Feng Liu ◽  
Wen-Peng Xie ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Hua Cao
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Quiet Time ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Sf 36

Objective: To investigate the effect of music therapy on chronic pain, quality of life, and quality of sleep in adolescent patients after transthoracic occlusion of ventricular septal defects. Methods: Patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether they received music therapy: a control group and a music group. The music group received 30 minutes of music therapy every day for 6 months after surgery. Patients in the control group received standard treatment and had 30 minutes of quiet time every day for 6 months after surgery. The short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ), the SF-36 scale and the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire (KSQ) was used as the evaluation tool for chronic pain, quality of life, and quality of sleep, respectively. Results: In terms of the degree of postoperative chronic pain, the Pain Rating Index (PRI) emotion item score in the SF-MPQ evaluation of the music group was significantly lower than that of the control group (1.6 ± 1.1 versus 2.2 ± 0.9). The role emotional (RE) scores of the SF-36 in the music group were significantly higher than that in the control group (77.35 ± 18.55 versus 42.66 ± 22.63). KSQ scores were significantly higher in the music group than in the control group for sleep status (4.1 ± 1.0 versus 3.3 ± 0.9), falling asleep (3.9 ± 1.1 versus 3.1 ± 1.0), and not feeling refreshed by sleep (3.6 ± 1.3 versus 2.7 ± 0.9) (P < .05). Conclusion: This study preliminarily showed that music therapy could effectively reduce patients’ chronic pain and improve quality of life and sleep after surgery. These results suggest that music therapy may be an essential therapy worth considering in managing patients’ postoperative recovery after cardiovascular surgery.

scholarly journals Innovative Strategies to Reach Diverse Elders: Using Age-Tastic to Improve Health and Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
Jacquelin Berman ◽  
Manoj Pardasani ◽  
Madison Gates ◽  
Mebane Powell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Falls Prevention ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This session will present the findings of a randomized control trial evaluating the impact Age-Tastic has on behavioral change. Age-Tastic is an eight-week intervention that uses game play, group facilitated discussion, and at home activities to promote positive behavioral change. There are five behavioral change domains: emotional well-being, nutrition, financial exploitation, falls prevention, and health literacy. A randomized control trial was conducted in New York City senior centers and include a diverse group of older adults. There were 98 older adults assigned to an experimental or control group. Participants in both groups completed a baseline survey, which was repeated at the end of the intervention and at week sixteen. The experimental (n = 64) and control (n = 34) groups did not significantly differ at baseline in regard to behaviors; however, upon completion of the intervention, the experimental group had significantly changed health behaviors (p &lt; .05) compared to the control group. The behavior change reported by the experimental group was maintained at week sixteen (p &lt; .001) with a medium effect size (ε2 = .17). In addition the experimental group also reported significant improvements at weeks eight (p &lt; .001) and sixteen (p &lt; .001) with large effect sizes (r2 = .62 and .52, respectively). This study found that Age-Tastic is an effective intervention for engaging older adults holistically about their health and wellness and for promoting positive behavioral change among diverse racial and ethnic populations.

scholarly journals KONTAKT© in Australian Adolescents on the Autism Spectrum: Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Afsharnejad ◽  
Marita Falkmer ◽  
Melissa H Black ◽  
Tasha Alach ◽  
Fabian Lenhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract Background: Individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience impairing challenges in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts. While social skills group training (SSGT) has shown moderate effects on various sociability outcomes in ASD, there is a need for (i) replication of effects in additional clinical and cultural contexts, (ii) designs which employ active control groups, (iii) calculation of health economic benefits, (iv) identification of the optimal training duration, and (v) measurement of individual goal and quality of life outcomes. Method/design: With the aim of investigating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a SSGT, KONTAKT©, a two-armed randomized control trial with adolescents aged 12 to17 years (N=90) with ASD and an intelligence quotient (IQ) of over 70 will be undertaken. Following stratification for centre and gender, participants will be randomly assigned to either KONTAKT© or to an active control group, a group-based cooking program. Participants will attend both programs in groups of 6 to 8 adolescents, over 16 one and a half hour sessions. The primary outcome examined is adolescent self-rated achievement of personally meaningful social goals as assessed via Goal Attainment Scaling during an interview with a blinded clinician. Secondary outcomes include adolescent self-reported interpersonal efficacy, quality of life, social anxiety, and loneliness, face emotion recognition performance and associated gaze behaviour, and parent proxy reports of autistic traits, quality of life, social functioning, emotion recognition and expression. Cost-effectiveness will be investigated in relation to direct and indirect societal and health care costs. Discussion: The primary outcomes of this study will be evidenced in the anticipated achievement of adolescents’ personally meaningful social goals following participation in KONTAKT© as compared to the active control group. This design will enable rigours evaluation of the efficacy of KONTAKT©, exercising control over the possibly confounding effect of exposure to a social context of peers with a diagnosis of ASD.

scholarly journals KONTAKT© for Australian adolescents on the autism spectrum: protocol of a randomized control trial

Trials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahareh Afsharnejad ◽  
Marita Falkmer ◽  
Melissa H. Black ◽  
Tasha Alach ◽  
Fabian Lenhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract Background Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience impairing challenges in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts. While social skills group training (SSGT) has shown moderate effects on various sociability outcomes in ASD, there is a need for (1) replication of effects in additional clinical and cultural contexts, (2) designs that employ active control groups, (3) calculation of health economic benefits, (4) identification of the optimal training duration, and (5) measurement of individual goals and quality of life outcomes. Method/design With the aim of investigating the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a SSGT, KONTAKT©, a two-armed randomized control trial with adolescents aged 12–17 years (N = 90) with ASD and an intelligence quotient (IQ) of over 70 will be undertaken. Following stratification for centre and gender, participants will be randomly assigned to either KONTAKT© or to an active control group, a group-based cooking programme. Participants will attend both programmes in groups of 6–8 adolescents, over 16 one-and-a-half-hour sessions. The primary outcome examined is adolescent self-rated achievement of personally meaningful social goals as assessed via the Goal Attainment Scaling during an interview with a blinded clinician. Secondary outcomes include adolescent self-reported interpersonal efficacy, quality of life, social anxiety, loneliness, face emotion recognition performance and associated gaze behaviour, and parent proxy reports of autistic traits, quality of life, social functioning, and emotion recognition and expression. Cost-effectiveness will be investigated in relation to direct and indirect societal and healthcare costs. Discussion The primary outcomes of this study will be evidenced in the anticipated achievement of adolescents’ personally meaningful social goals following participation in KONTAKT© as compared to the active control group. This design will enable rigorous evaluation of the efficacy of KONTAKT©, exercising control over the possibly confounding effect of exposure to a social context of peers with a diagnosis of ASD. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). ACTRN12617001117303. Registered on 31 July 2017. anzctr.org.au ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03294668. Registered on 22 September 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov

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