Influence of rapeseed meal, whole rapeseed, and soybean meal on fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of muscle and adipose tissue from ram lambs

The gross composition of colostrum and milk, and the fatty acid composition of colostral and milk fat were studied for 15 sows of four genetic backgrounds receiving diets containing either 0 or 8% rapeseed meal as an isonitrogenous replacement for soybean meal and wheat, during growth, reproduction or both. Dietary rapeseed meal for growth was associated with significantly higher fat levels in colostrum and an apparent increase in fat levels in milk. Total solids were higher in the colostrum of sows receiving dietary rapeseed meal during either growth or reproduction than for sows receiving soybean meal. There were no other differences in composition associated with dietary treatment or sow litter group.The gross composition of colostrum and milk as a percentage, ignoring dietary treatment was, respectively: total solids, 22.9, 19.4; solids-not-fat, 15.7, 12.2; fat, 7.3, 7.2; protein, 10.4, 5.4; lactose, 4.6, 6.0; and ash, 0.64, 0.75. The fatty acid composition of colostral and milk fat as a percent by weight was, respectively: C 10:0—0.0, 0.2; C 12:0—0.0, 0.3; C 14:0—1.5, 3.3; C 14:1—0.1, 0.2; C 16:0—23.0, 27.7; C 16:1—5.1, 8.7; C 18:0—5.1, 4.3; C 18:1—42.2, 41.2; C 18:2—20.8, 12.5; C 18:3 and C 20:0—1.7, 1.0; and C 20:4—0.5, 0.6.

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Effect of Soybean Meal Substitution by Raw Chickpea Seeds on Thermal Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Subcutaneous Fat Tissue of Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10030533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 533 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Waldemar Paszkiewicz ◽

Siemowit Muszyński ◽

Małgorzata Kwiecień ◽

Mykola Zhyla ◽

Sylwester Świątkiewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Fat Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Tissue

In this study, the effect of soybean meal substitution by raw chickpea seeds on the thermal properties and fatty acid profile of subcutaneous fat tissue of broiler chickens was examined. The experiment, performed on Ross 308 chickens, lasted for 42 days. Tight subcutaneous fat tissue was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements while the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue was determined chromatographically. There was no effect of soybean meal substitution on fat crystallization temperature or crystallization enthalpy. However, the total calorimetric enthalpy of the melting of low-melting monounsaturated and saturated triacylglycerols differed between groups. Fatty acid proportions in the subcutaneous fat tissue of broiler chickens were also altered. Among others, chickpea seed inclusion decreased the content of main saturated acid (palmitic acid) and increased the content of main monounsaturated (oleic) and tri-unsaturated (linolenic) acids. The results show that the soybean meal substitution by raw chickpea seeds in the feed can affect the structural properties of adipose tissue in broiler chickens, including the thermal transformation of unsaturated fatty acids. Due to the numerous physiological functions of subcutaneous fat tissue, understanding these mechanisms can promote the use of alternative protein both in poultry and human nutrition.

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Effects of graded replacement of soybean meal by sunflower seed meal in laying hen diets on hen performance, egg quality, egg fatty acid composition, and cholesterol content

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research ◽

10.3382/japr.2011-00437 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 367-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

S.R. Shi ◽

J. Lu ◽

H.B. Tong ◽

J.M. Zou ◽

K.H. Wang

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Sunflower Seed ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Cholesterol Content ◽

Laying Hen ◽

Seed Meal

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Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1660071 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 54 (03) ◽

pp. 563-569 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M K Salo ◽

E Vartiainen ◽

P Puska ◽

T Nikkari

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Free Living ◽

Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽

Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

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