ASSESSMENT OF THE BOTTOM FAUNA BIOMASS OF THE LOWER REACHES OF THE ANGARA RIVER IN THE AREA OF THE GOREVSKY ORE MINING AND PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
I. V. Kosmakov ◽  
V. M. Petrov ◽  
S. P. Shulepina
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Average Value ◽  
River Bed

In the article, the general biomass of zoobenthos is considered on the basis of the results of studies conducted during July-September 2016 in the river bed of the Angara River in the area of the water area planned for alienation. The total biomass of benthos is the main feature in the calculation of damage to aquatic biological resources. Studies were conducted in the left half of the Angara River at a distance of 40–43 km from the estuary. The results of the work were compared with the results of a comprehensive study of the Angara in its lower reaches, conducted in 1947–1948. In this work, the species composition of the zoobenthos is not considered. The aim of the work is to estimate the average total biomass for an accurate determination of the damage to aquatic biological resources. The greatest value of the total biomass of benthos was observed in September in the aquatic vegetation near the shore, represented by river mud with sand and plant remains at very low flow velocity. This value is 28.4 g/m2 , with an average value for the study period of 6.57 g/m2 . In the river bed, the greatest value of biomass (4.39 g/m2 ) was also noted in September on the shore, consisting of sand, pebbles, boulders at significant flow velocities. The average value in the river bed during the study period was 0.57 g/m2 . The average size of the total biomass of the zoobenthos in the alienation area is calculated by the ratio of the area of the coastal parts of the river bed and the river bottom, taking into account the average values of the biomass of benthos. This value is 3.86 g/m2 . The value obtained is comparable to the value determined in 1947–1948, which is 46.9 kg/ha. The previously calculated harm was 190.8 tons, with an average biomass of 68.2 kg/ha. The calculated damage is 105.5 tons.

Ecological characteristics of plankton and aquatic vegetation in Lake Qiluhu

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1620-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Mingming ◽  
Zhou Huaidong ◽  
Wang Yuchun ◽  
Wang Yingcai ◽  
Wang Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Potamogeton Pectinatus ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Submerged Vegetation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Potamogeton Crispus ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Limnothrix Redekei ◽  
High Level

Investigations of the phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos and aquatic vegetation in Lake Qiluhu were carried out in February, 2009. Over the whole lake, 13 sampling sites were set up for the analysis of phytoplankton and zooplankton, and 22 profiles for the collection of macrophytes and zoobenthos. In the survey, 7 phyla, 65 algae species were identified. The average abundance of phytoplankton was 7.16 × 108 cells/L, and the dominant specie was Limnothrix redekei. No obvious surface accumulation of algae was detected. The concentration of Chlorophyll a ranged from 85 to 101 μg/L, and the average value was 93 μg/L. Nineteen species of zooplankton were observed, including 4 species of rotifers, 6 species of cladocerans and 9 species of copepods. Copepods were the dominant species, their abundance reaching 68%, whilst Cladocerans took second place with an abundance proportion of 28%. Six species of submerged vegetation were identified: Potamogeton Pectinatus, Myriophyllum, Elodea Canadensis, Ceratophyllum demersum and Potamogeton crispus. Amongst them, the dominant vegetation was P. Pectinatus, the biomass of which was up to 63% of the total biomass. Emerged macrophytes were cluster distributed across the whole lake, mainly consisting of Scirpus tabernaemontani, phragmites communis and cane shoots. Unfortunately, no living zoobenthos were found at the sites. The results indicated that, in Lake Qiluhu, the abundance of phytoplankton was maintained at a high level. The ecological function of submerged vegetation was gradually being lost because of its low standing crop and coverage, and the benthic animal habitat was severely damaged.

scholarly journals The effect of ice phenology exerted on submerged macrophytes through physicochemical parameters and the phytoplankton abundance

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Ejankowski ◽  
Tomasz Lenard
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Myriophyllum Spicatum ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Water Transparency ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Tn:Tp Ratio

<p>The physicochemical parameters of water, the concentration of chlorophyll-<em>a</em> and the submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) were studied to evaluate the effects of different winter seasons on the biomass of macrophytes in shallow eutrophic lakes. We hypothesised that a lack of ice cover or early ice-out can influence the physicochemical parameters of water and thus change the conditions for the development of phytoplankton and SAV. The studies were conducted in four lakes of the Western Polesie region in mid-eastern Poland after mild winters with early ice-out (MW, 2011 and 2014) and after cold winters with late ice-out (CW, 2010, 2012 and 2013). The concentrations of soluble and total nitrogen, chlorophyll-<em>a</em> and the TN:TP ratio in the lakes were considerably higher, whereas the concentration of soluble and total phosphorus and water transparency were significantly lower after the MW compared with after the CW. No differences were found in water temperature, reaction and electrolytic conductivity. Low water turbidity linked with low concentration of chlorophyll-<em>a</em> after the CW resulted in increased water transparency and the total biomass of the SAV. The negative effect of the MW on the macrophyte species was stronger on more sensitive species (<em>Myriophyllum spicatum</em>,<em> Stratiotes aloides</em>) compared with shade tolerant <em>Ceratophyllum demersum</em>. Our findings show that the ice cover phenology affected by climate warming can change the balance between phytoplankton and benthic vegetation in shallow eutrophic lakes, acting as a shift between clear and turbid water states. We speculate that various responses of macrophyte species to changes in the water quality after two winter seasons (CW and MW) could cause alterations in the vegetation biomass, particularly the expansion of shade tolerance and the decline of light-demanding species after a series of mild winters.</p>

scholarly journals The monitoring of the phytoplankton condition in the Luga Bay of the Gulf of Finland under natural and anthropogenic impacts

Trudy VNIRO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
O. A. Liashenko ◽  
A. P. Pedchenko ◽  
O. N. Susloparova
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Quantitative Development ◽  
Primary Producer ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

The technogenic transformation of the ecosystem of the southeast part of Luga Bay water area (the second bay of the Baltic Sea) where Ust-Luga commercial seaport situated was determined by longstanding dredging, dumping and other types of anthropogenic impact. The development of phytoplankton as the main primary production former and the base of food reserve for aquatic biological resources was investigated during the monitoring of aquatic biological resources of the Luga Bay which was held due to the seaport construction. The investigation of phytoplankton content and development took part in the main seasons of the ice-free period of 2005–2018 in the water areas of dredging, damping, and adjacent areas. The maximum values of the phytoplankton abundance and biomass were detected in spring. The main part of biomass was formed by diatoms and dinoflagellates. The summer biomass mainly was lower than in spring and the proportion of cyanoprokaryotes (in some years also cryptophytes and green) increased. In autumn the biomass decreasing was continued, cyanoprokaryotes and cryptomonads dominated. The quantitative indicators of phytoplankton development were varied from year to year in all seasons of 2005–2018 but they kept in frames of values which previously observed for the water area of the Luga Bay. The influence of the Gulf of Finland water warming on phytoplankton development was not traced. The certain differences between the quantitative development and composition of the dominant phytoplankton complex on the water areas of dredging, damping, and adjacent areas weren’t observed. The average phytoplankton biomass for the ice-free period in the most part of years corresponds to the mesotrophic state of the Luga Bay water area. There was not a significant impact of dredging and dumping on the phytoplankton of the Luga Bay which indicates the stable state of its ecosystem primary producer and the preservation of the productional resource of the fish food base.

Taxonomic structure of the zoobenthos of the Lukoml GRES cooling reservoir

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-204
Author(s):  
I. I. Lapuka ◽  
V. V. Vezhnavets
Keyword(s):  
Water Discharge ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Water Area ◽  
District Power Station ◽  
Bottom Fauna ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Macrobrachium Nipponense ◽  
Cooling Reservoir

The species composition of zoobenthos in the heated and non-heated zones of the cooling lake Lukoml State District Power Station was studied. 80 taxa of bottom animals have been registered, and two new species of chironomid larvae have been identified. The bottom fauna includes a protected relict species of Pallaseopsis qudrispinosa, which is preserved in the conditions of warming.it is listed in the Red book of Belarus and the alien species – freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense. The high taxonomic diversity indicates that the Lukoml State District Power Station operation has little impact on the bottom community throughout the lake’s water area. However, species richness is reduced locally by half in the zone of influence of heated water discharge, especially in summer. Under the influence of heating, the taxonomic structure and spatial distribution at different depths change.

scholarly journals Bedform Morphology in the Area of the Confluence of the Negro and Solimões-Amazon Rivers, Brazil

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Gualtieri ◽  
Ivo Martone ◽  
Naziano Pantoja Filizola Junior ◽  
Marco Ianniruberto
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Current Profiler ◽  
Converging Flow ◽  
Riverine Systems

Confluences are common components of all riverine systems, characterized by converging flow streamlines and the mixing of separate flows. The fluid dynamics of confluences possesses a highly complex structure with several common types of flow features observed. A field study was recently conducted in the area of the confluence of the Negro and Solimões/Amazon Rivers, Brazil, collecting a series of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) transects in different flow conditions. These data were used to investigate the morphology of the bedforms observed in that area. First, the bedforms were mostly classified as large and very large dunes according to Ashley et al. (1990), with an observed maximum wavelength and wave height of 350 and 12 m, respectively. Second, a comparison between low flow and relatively high flow conditions showed that wavelength and wave height increased as the river discharge increased in agreement with previous literature studies. Third, the lee side angle was consistently below 10°, with an average value of about 3.0°, without flow separation confirming past findings on low-angle dunes. Finally, a comparison between the bedform sizes and past literature studies on large rivers suggested that while several dunes were in equilibrium with the flow, several largest bedforms were found to be probably adapting to discharge changes in the river.

scholarly journals Classifying low flow hydrological regimes at a regional scale

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3741-3750 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kirkby ◽  
F. Gallart ◽  
T. R. Kjeldsen ◽  
B. J. Irvine ◽  
J. Froebrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Hydraulic Geometry ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flow Duration ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Climatic Scenarios ◽  
Flow Duration Curves

Abstract. The paper uses a simple water balance model that partitions the precipitation between actual evapotranspiration, quick flow and delayed flow, and has sufficient complexity to capture the essence of climate and vegetation controls on this partitioning. Using this model, monthly flow duration curves have been constructed from climate data across Europe to address the relative frequency of ecologically critical low flow stages in semi-arid rivers, when flow commonly persists only in disconnected pools in the river bed. The hydrological model is based on a dynamic partitioning of precipitation to estimate water available for evapotranspiration and plant growth and for residual runoff. The duration curve for monthly flows has then been analysed to give an estimate of bankfull flow based on recurrence interval. Arguing from observed ratios of cross-sectional areas at flood and low flows, hydraulic geometry suggests that disconnected flow under "pool" conditions is approximately 0.1% of bankfull flow. Flow duration curves define a measure of bankfull discharge on the basis of frequency. The corresponding frequency for pools is then read from the duration curve, using this (0.1%) ratio to estimate pool discharge from bank full discharge. The flow duration curve then provides an estimate of the frequency of poorly connected pool conditions, corresponding to this discharge, that constrain survival of river-dwelling arthropods and fish. The methodology has here been applied across Europe at 15 km resolution, and the potential is demonstrated for applying the methodology under alternative climatic scenarios.

Oxygen Transfer through Air Entrainment in Riparian Riffles: A Case Study of Seomjin River, Korea

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Trailing Edges ◽  
Upstream Part ◽  
Seomjin River

Field investigation on the oxygen transfer through the air entrainment, the riffle geometries, and the relationships between the efficiency of the oxygen transfer and the hydraulic parameters in the riparian riffles were performed. Investigation of the air entrainment and measurements of the oxygen transfer in the riffles were conducted. Types of bed height in the riffles were upward convex. Slopes of the water surface and the river bed were steeper at the downstream rather than at the upstream part. Air entrainment occurred more frequently in the edged gravels rather than in the round and edgeless gravels, and it was formed mainly from behind the trailing edges of the gravels. Oxygen transfer was found to be proportional to the flow velocity, the flow discharge, and the Froude number, but not closely related to the particle diameter. Average value of oxygen transfer in the riffles of the study area was about 0.085, which shows good habitat condition for the aquatic creatures. 

scholarly journals A review of methods for measuring groundwater–surface water exchange in braided rivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 4397-4417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Coluccio ◽  
Leanne Kaye Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Hyporheic Exchange ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Braided Rivers ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Multi Method Approach ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques

Abstract. Braided rivers, while uncommon internationally, are significant in terms of their unique ecosystems and as vital freshwater resources at locations where they occur. With an increasing awareness of the connected nature of surface water and groundwater, there have been many studies examining groundwater–surface water exchange in various types of waterbodies, but significantly less research has been conducted in braided rivers. Thus, there is currently limited understanding of how characteristics unique to braided rivers, such as channel shifting, expanding and narrowing margins, and a high degree of heterogeneity affect groundwater–surface water flow paths. This article provides an overview of characteristics specific to braided rivers, including a map showing the regions where braided rivers are mainly found at the global scale: Alaska, Canada, the Japanese and European Alps, the Himalayas, Russia, and New Zealand. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first map of its kind. This is followed by a review of prior studies that have investigated groundwater–surface water interactions in braided rivers and their associated aquifers. The various methods used to characterise these processes are discussed with emphasis on their effectiveness in achieving the studies' objectives and their applicability in braided rivers. We also discuss additional methods that appear promising to apply in braided river settings. The aim is to provide guidance on methodologies most suitable for future work in braided rivers. In many cases, previous studies found a multi-method approach useful to produce more robust results and compare data collected at various scales. Given the challenges of working directly in braided rivers, there is considerable scope for the increased use of remote sensing techniques. There is also opportunity for new approaches to modelling braided rivers using integrated techniques that incorporate the complex river bed terrain and geomorphology of braided rivers explicitly. We also identify a critical need to improve the conceptual understanding of hyporheic exchange in braided rivers, rates of recharge to and from braided rivers, and historical patterns of dry and low-flow periods in these rivers.

Sensitivity analysis of non-point sources in a water quality model applied to a dammed low-flow-reach river

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1295-1300
Author(s):  
Nayana G. M. Silva ◽  
Marcos von Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
River Bed

Downstream of Capim Branco I hydroelectric dam (Minas Gerais state, Brazil), there is the need of keeping a minimum flow of 7 m3/s. This low flow reach (LFR) has a length of 9 km. In order to raise the water level in the low flow reach, the construction of intermediate dikes along the river bed was decided. The LFR has a tributary that receives the discharge of treated wastewater. As part of this study, water quality of the low-flow reach was modelled, in order to gain insight into its possible behaviour under different scenarios (without and with intermediate dikes). QUAL2E equations were implemented in FORTRAN code. The model takes into account point-source pollution and diffuse pollution. Uncertainty analysis was performed, presenting probabilistic results and allowing identification of the more important coefficients in the LFR water-quality model. The simulated results indicate, in general, very good conditions for most of the water quality parameters The variables of more influence found in the sensitivity analysis were the conversion coefficients (without and with dikes), the initial conditions in the reach (without dikes), the non-point incremental contributions (without dikes) and the hydraulic characteristics of the reach (with dikes).

Macroinverfebrate Abundance and Production of Psammophifous Chironomidae in Shifting Sand Areas of a Lowland River

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1296-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Soluk
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Secondary Production ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Chironomid Species ◽  
Shifting Sand ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Density

Abundance and biomass of benthic macroinvertebrates from shifting sand areas in the bed of the Sand River in central Alberta, Canada, were examined for 1 yr. Macroinvertebrate density ranged from 12 000 to 78 000 individuals/m2, but total biomass was low (50–490 mg/m2 dry mass) due to the small size of most organisms. The interstitial larvae of two chironomid species (Robackia demeijerei and Rheosmittia sp.) contributed a mean of 80.6% biomass and 92.8% of total number of macroinvertebrates. Total annual secondary production of these two species (752.0 ± 144.5 mg∙m−2∙yr−1) was used as an estimate of total secondary production of benthic macroinvertebrates in shifting sand areas. Both R. demeijerei and Rheosmittia sp. exhibited larval growth and development rates much slower than those reported for comparably sized species in other habitats. Food or frequent disturbance may limit the growth of these species. Although unit area biomass and production were low relative to other lotie habitats, shifting sand areas make significant contributions to the river ecosystem because they occupy a large proportion of the river bed.

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