scholarly journals Wpływ pandemii na polską, bułgarską i czeską leksykologię w roku 2020 i na początku 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Joanna Satoła-Staśkowiak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conspiracy Theory ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
New Words ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
National Corpus

The influence of the pandemic on Polish, Czech and Bulgarian lexicography in 2020 and early 2021 I discuss the linguistic consequences of the current pandemic, such as the emergence of new words and/or an increase in the frequency of use of some pre-existing words, and issues linked to communication. The paper refers to the Polish, Bulgarian and Czech languages. A frequentative approach is applied. Although the outlined linguistic processes are global in nature, several key aspects differentiate the three chosen languages in terms of frequency (including the occurrence of words and functions of speech). The linguistic data was gathered using online resources, including: The National Corpus of Polish, the Czech National Corpus, the Bulgarian National Corpus, the Polish-Bulgarian-Russian parallel Corpus (co-authored by the author of this paper), popular word browsers (frazeo.pl, slowanaczasie) and digital dictionaries (miejski.pl), journalism and information programs, and some of the most recent academic literature. Keywords: pandemic, lexicology, word of the year, neologism, conspiracy theory, frequency of use, the year 2020, Polish language, Bulgarian language, Czech language

scholarly journals ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ПАНДЕМИЯТА ОТ COVID-19 ПРЕЗ 2020 Г. ВЪРХУ БЪЛГАРСКАТА, ЧЕШКАТА И ПОЛСКАТА ЛЕКСИКА / THE INFLUENCE OF THE 2020 COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON BULGARIAN, CZECH AND POLISH LEXIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (03) ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
JOANNA SATOŁA-STAŚKOWIAK
Keyword(s):  
Online Resources ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
New Words ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
National Corpus

The article discusses the linguistic consequences of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, such as the emergence of new words and/or an increase in the frequency of use of some already existing words. The paper is based on material from Bulgarian, Czech and Polish. A frequency approach is applied. Although, the outlined linguistic processes are global in nature, several key aspects differentiate the three chosen languages. The linguistic data were collected using online resources, including the National Corpus of Polish, the Czech National Corpus, the Bulgarian National Corpus, the Polish-Bulgarian-Russian Parallel Corpus, popular word browsers and digital dictionaries, media texts and some of the most recent scientific publications. Keywords: pandemic, lexis, word of the year, neologisms, frequency of use, Bulgarian language, Czech language, Polish language

scholarly journals Buszel, Kombajner, and Rels: Fisiak’s 1961 Corpus of English Borrowings in Polish Fifty Five Years Later

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-94
Author(s):  
Radosław Dylewski
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
To Come ◽  
Lexical Transfer ◽  
Google Search ◽  
National Corpus

Abstract The onset of Professor Jacek Fisiak’s scholarly career is marked by his 1961 Ph.D. dissertation devoted to the lexical influence of English upon Polish. This study, conducted 55 years ago, offers a multilayered analysis and sets the standards of studies on lexical transfer from English to Polish for the years to come. The present article is a tribute to Fisiak’s first scholarly endeavor; it examines the fate of lexical items comprising Fisiak’s corpus in the second decade of the 21st century. More specifically, by conducting searches in the National Corpus of Polish as well as a Google search, the paper checks which borrowings to the Polish language listed and scrutinized by Fisiak gained popularity, which fell out of use, and which underwent semantic changes.

scholarly journals English grammatical collocations of the verb and the preposition for and their collocational equivalents in the Slovak language

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1183-1194
Author(s):  
Marianna Hudcovičová ◽  
Ľudmila Jančovičová ◽  
Božena Petrášová ◽  
Jerome Baghana
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Structure Data ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Fixed Element ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Slovak Language ◽  
National Corpus

This paper focuses on empirical research of grammatical collocations of the type: verb and preposition FOR. Subject to analysis were the verbal prepostional structures of the pattern 1: V+prepositional phrase in the function of the object and the pattern 2: V+ preposition+fixed element.  The study is based on comparisons of the English and Slovak sentences containing this specific verbal-prepositional structure. Data for contrastive study of English and Slovak languages are taken from the electronic corpus Slovak National Corpus, ie. English- Slovak Parallel Corpus. The aim of the study is to analyse, describe and classify only prepositional counterparts.

Functionally-defined recurrent multi-word units in English-to-Polish translation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grabowski ◽  
Nicholas Groom
Keyword(s):  
European Parliament ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Language Pair

Abstract This study uses both parallel and comparable reference corpora in the English-Polish language pair to explore how translators deal with recurrent multi-word items performing specific discoursal functions. We also consider whether the observed tendencies overlap with those found in native texts, and the extent to which the discoursal functions realised by the multi-word items under scrutiny are “preserved” in translation. Capitalizing on findings from earlier research (Granger, 2014; Grabar & Lefer, 2015), we analyzed a pre-selected set of phrases signaling stance-taking and those functioning as textual, discourse-structuring devices originally found in the European Parliament proceedings corpus (Koehn, 2005) and included in the English-Polish parallel corpus Paralela (Pęzik, 2016). Since our goal was to explore whether and to what extent English functionally-defined phrases reflect the same level of formulaicity and regularity in both Polish translations and native Polish texts, the findings provided insights into the translation tendencies of such items, and revealed – using inter-rater agreement metrics – that the discoursal functions of recurrent n-grams may change in translation.

scholarly journals A ‘model of reconciliation’? Fifty years of German–Israeli relations

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Wittlinger
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Memory Culture ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Key Aspects

This article argues that German–Israeli reconciliation after 1945 has not been as exemplary as is often suggested. Drawing on key aspects which emerge from a discussion of relevant concepts in the first part of the article – transitional justice and reconciliation – it will show that Germany’s memory culture, as evidenced in the elite discourse, has indeed developed in a way that points to a successful reconciliation between the two countries. On the other hand, however, German regret emerged only reluctantly, was by and large confined to West Germany, and took a long time to establish itself formally, with emphasis on German suffering rather than suffering caused by Germans always playing an important role in German collective memory after 1945. It will also show that at grass-roots level, reconciliation between Germany and Israel is far from unproblematic. Apart from providing a critical assessment of the reconciliation between Germany and Israel after 1945, the article contributes to current academic literature on transitional justice, reconciliation and the role of memory which suggests that even though commemoration and micro-level reconciliation might be important, the geopolitical context in which reconciliation takes place and strategic security considerations also play a significant role.

scholarly journals Hoe maak je het, lakmoes? Over de (semantische) productiviteit van Nederlandse ontleningen in het Pools / How are you, litmus? On the (semantical) productivity of the Dutch borrowings in the Polish language

Werkwinkel ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Agata Kowalska-Szubert
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Common Word ◽  
New Words ◽  
Loan Words ◽  
Polish Language

Abstract Polish language contains hundreds of loan words from Dutch. They are rooted so firmly that they are capable of creating new words. This article presents the most common word-formation phenomena involving Dutch loan words. It also highlights their ability to form phrasemes and transfer meanings.

scholarly journals Verbal prefixation and realizations of antipassive alternations in Polish

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 169-186
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Mroczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Verbal Prefixes ◽  
Argument Realization ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The Subject ◽  
National Corpus

Various works on transitivity suggest that aspectual notions may constitute semantic determinants of argument realization. Observations included in these works prompted theories implying that argument realization may be aspectually driven. Following this line of thought, this article presents the results of corpus-based studies on antipassive structure in the Polish language and makes an attempt at confirming the fact that aspectual notion may determine argument realization. The article consists of three main sections. The first one focuses on notions of aspect and various aspectual propositions distinguished in the literature on the subject, regarding the Polish language in particular. The second section, illustrated with examples extracted from the National Corpus of Polish (NKJP) and the corpus of Wielki Słownik Języka Polskiego (KWSJP), gives an overview of Polish perfectivizing verbal prefixes, i.e. a roz‑, na-, o-/ob- and u-prefix, and deals with the effect they may have on sentence structure and semantics. It also shows how the prefixed verbs combine with the marker się, which flags antipassive, i.e. is a recurring marker attested in antipassive constructions in the Polish language. In section three, an attempt is made at analyzing the interrelations between aspect and antipassive reading of a structure. As it seems that a perfective prefix used with a verb imposes certain requirements on the argument structure of the verb it combines with, we also offer a possible explanation to different aspectual requirements of verbs occurring in antipassive structures, assuming that projections coded in a verb may play a role here.

scholarly journals ELEKTRONICZNY KORPUS TEKSTÓW POLSKICH Z XVII I XVIII W. – PROBLEMY TEORETYCZNE I WARSZTATOWE

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Gruszczyński ◽  
Dorota Adamiec ◽  
Renata Bronikowska ◽  
Aleksandra Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Text Representation ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
National Corpus

Electronic Corpus of 17th- and 18th-century Polish Texts – theoretical and workshop problems Summary This paper presents the Electronic Corpus of 17th- and 18th-century Polish Texts (KorBa) – a large (13.5-million), annotated historical corpus available online. Its creation was modelled on the assumptions of the National Corpus of Polish (NKJP), yet the specifi c nature of the historical material enforced certain modifi cations of the solutions applied in NKJP, e.g. two forms of text representation (transliteration and transcription) were introduced, the principle of designating foreign-language fragments was adopted, and the tagset was adapted to the description of the grammatical structure of the Middle Polish language. The texts collected in KorBa are diversified in chronological, geographical, stylistic, and thematic terms although, due to e.g. limited access to the material, the postulate of representativeness and sustainability of the corpus was not fully implemented. The work on the corpus was to a large extent automated as a result of using natural language processing tools. Keywords: electronic text corpus – historical corpus – 17th-18th-century Polish – natural language processing

scholarly journals Роль картотеки «портретів слів» в укладанні словників нового покоління

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Євгенія [IEvheniia] Анатоліївна [Anatoliïvna] Карпіловська [Karpilovs'ka]
Keyword(s):  
Online Resources ◽  
New Words ◽  
Text Databases ◽  
Card Index ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Time Subject

The role of “portraits of words” card index in the compiling of new generation dictionariesThe article presents the concept of “portraits of words” card index as a necessary tool of the analysis of language changes for the compiling of dictionaries of new generation. Such card index contains information not only about the use of words in the texts of various functional styles, time, subject and purpose, but also about their systemic characteristics: paradigmatic, syntagmatic and epidigmatic (derivational and associative). The information about a word gathered in the card index of this type serves as guidelines for its verification in the corpus as well as in the various text databases, including online resources. It allows to check the use of new words, their spelling variations, development of their semantics, the course of their competition with other nominations of the same realities, processes or attributes in the texts. A “portraits of words” card index, as juxtaposed with the corpus and texts, signals the need to supplement the corpus with certain types of texts, as well as the need to change the annotation of its texts. This enables the preparation of verified materials for the compiling of new generation dictionaries. Rola kartoteki „portretów słów” w tworzeniu słowników nowej generacjiW artykule przedstawiono koncepcję kartoteki „portretów słów” jako narzędzia analizy zmian językowych niezbędnego przy tworzeniu słowników nowego pokolenia. Kartoteka taka mieści w sobie informacje nie tylko o tym, jak słowo używane jest w tekstach o różnych stylach funkcjonalnych, z różnych okresów, o różnej tematyce i różnym przeznaczeniu, lecz także o jego charakterystykach systemowych: paradygmatycznych, syntagmatycznych i epidygmatycznych (słowotwórczych i asocjacyjnych). Informacje na temat słowa zgromadzone w takiej kartotece będą służyć jako swego rodzaju punkty orientacyjne przy weryfikacji występowania danego wyrazu w korpusie i bazach tekstów, zwłaszcza w internecie. Informacje te dają możliwość przeprowadzania porównań z tekstami pod kątem występowania nowych słów, wariantów ich pisowni, rozwoju ich semantyki, przebiegu ich konkurencji z innymi sposobami opisu tych samych realiów, procesów czy cech. Kartoteka tego rodzaju, w zestawieniu z korpusem i tekstami, sygnalizuje konieczność uzupełnienia korpusu o pewne rodzaje tekstów, a także potrzebę zmiany oznaczeń umieszczonych w korpusie tekstów – a tym samym pozwala na przygotowanie zweryfikowanego materiału wyjściowego do tworzenia słowników nowego pokolenia.

scholarly journals On Semantic Patterns of “Kill–Verbs” in Modern English

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2 (11)) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Robert Khachatryan
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Linguistic Data ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
The Way ◽  
Causative Verbs

The article aims to reveal the semantic structures of the causative verbs in modern English, particularly with reference to the characteristics of the verbs meaning “to kill” and the way of expressing the main meaning of “to cause to die”. More precisely, the present article highlights the semantic features of these verbs that condition their causative nature. The article focuses on the investigation of only those verbs meaning “to cause to die” that are more frequent in speech, particularly the verbs to kill, to murder, to assassinate, to execute and to massacre. The linguistic data are borrowed from the British National Corpus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document