Hemostasis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in acute and chronic cerebrovascular pathology

Author(s):  
К.В. Антонова ◽  
М.М. Танашян ◽  
А.А. Шабалина ◽  
М.Ю. Максимова ◽  
О.В. Лагода ◽  
...  

Введение. В настоящее время цереброваскулярные заболевания (ЦВЗ) в России являются второй по частоте причиной смерти среди больных сахарным диабетом (СД). С гипергликемией и избыточной массой тела связывают протромботические и провоспалительные изменения, приводящие к неблагоприятным исходам инсульта и прогрессированию ЦВЗ. Цель исследования: оценить роль избыточной массы тела как дополнительного фактора риска развития нарушений гемостаза при острых и хронических формах цереброваскулярной патологии у пациентов с СД 2‑го типа (СД‑2). Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 305 пациентов с ишемическими ЦВЗ: группа 1 — 87 больных с ишемическим инсультом (ИИ) и СД‑2; группа 2 — 58 пациентов с ИИ без СД; группа 3 — 80 больных с хроническими ЦВЗ (ХЦВЗ) и СД‑2; группа 4 — 80 пациентов с ХЦВЗ без СД. Выполнены общесоматический и неврологический осмотр, магнитно-резонансная томография головного мозга, инструментальные исследования с расчетом индекса массы тела (ИМТ) и лабораторные исследования с определением гликемии и гликированного гемоглобина (HbA1c), АДФ-индуцированной (АДФ-АТ) и адреналин-индуцированной (Адр-АТ) агрегации тромбоцитов, коагулограммы, включающей содержание фибриногена и Д-димеров, международное нормализованное отношение, активированное частичное тромбопластиновое время, фибринолитическую активность (ФА), индекс фибринолиза, активность плазминогена и уровень тканевого активатора плазминогена (t-РА). Результаты. Наибольших значений глюкоза и HbA1c достигали у пациентов с ИИ и СД‑2. Во всех группах больных с цереброваскулярной патологией СД‑2 сопровождался ожирением и повышенным ИМТ. ЦВЗ (как ИИ, так и хроническая форма) в сочетании с СД‑2 протекали на фоне протромботического состояния крови, связанного с нарушением всех звеньев гемостаза, и проявлялись увеличением АДФ-АТ и Адр-АТ, повышением содержания фибриногена и Д-димеров при одновременном снижении ФА, индекса фибринолиза, активности плазминогена и уровня t-PA. Самые выраженные нарушения наблюдали у пациентов с ИИ и СД‑2, особенно со стороны фибринолиза. Выявлены значимые корреляции между ИМТ и агрегацией тромбоцитов, уровнями фибриногена и Д-димеров, ФА и t-PA. Заключение. У лиц с СД‑2 острые и хронические ЦВЗ сопровождаются ожирением и увеличенным ИМТ, который взаимосвязан с активацией тромбоцитарного и плазменного гемостаза и снижением фибринолиза. Наибольшие изменения отмечены у пациентов с острым инсультом и СД‑2, для которых характерно сочетание гиперфибриногенемии и значительное снижение фибринолиза. Повышение ИМТ у больных ЦВЗ ассоциировано с выраженностью протромботических изменений. Introduction. At present cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) in Russia is the second most common cause of death among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Prothrombotic and pro-inflammatory changes leading to adverse outcomes of stroke and progression of CVD are associated with hyperglycemia and obesity. Aim: to assess the role of obesity as an additional risk factor for the development of hemostasis disorders in acute and chronic forms of cerebrovascular pathology in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM‑2). Materials and methods. The study included 305 patients with ischemic CVD: group 1 — 87 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and DM‑2; group 2 — 58 patients with IS without DM; group 3 — 80 patients with chronic CVD (CCVD) and DM‑2; group 4 — 80 patients with CCVD without DM. The following studies were completed: somatic and neurological examinations, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, calculation of body mass index (BMI) and laboratory tests with the determination of glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), ADP-induced (ADP-AT) and adrenaline-induced (Adr-AT) platelet aggregation, coagulogram with fibrinogen and D-dimers content, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinolytic activity (FA), fibrinolysis index (FI), plasminogen activity and level of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Results. The highest values of glucose and HbA1c were found in patients with IS and DM‑2. In all groups of patients with cerebrovascular pathology DM‑2 was accompanied with obesity and increased BMI. CVD (both IS and chronic form) in combination with DM‑2 were accompanied by prothrombotic blood state (associated with hemostasis disorders), and manifested by enhancement of ADP-AT and Adr-AT, increasing of fibrinogen and D-dimers content and decreasing of FA, FI, plasminogen activity and t-PA. Most expressed disturbances (especially in fibrinolysis) were observed in patients with IS and DM‑2. Significant correlations were found between BMI and platelet aggregation, levels of fibrinogen and D-dimers, FA and t-PA. Conclusion. In patients with DM‑2 acute and chronic CVD are accompanied by obesity and increased BMI and associated with activation of platelet and plasma hemostasis and decreased fibrinolysis. The largest changes were noted in patients with acute stroke and DM‑2 and characterized by a combination of hyperfibrinogenemia and a significantly decreased fibrinolysis. Increasing of BMI in patients with CVD was associated with the severity of prothrombotic changes.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lee ◽  
J Zhou ◽  
CL Guo ◽  
WKK Wu ◽  
WT Wong ◽  
...  

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are major cardiovascular adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus. Although there are many risk scores on composite outcomes of major cardiovascular adverse outcomes or cardiovascular mortality for diabetic patients, these existing scores did not account for the difference in pathogenesis and prognosis between acute coronary syndrome and lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Furthermore, recent studies reported that HbA1c and lipid levels, which were often accounted for in these risk scores, have J/U-shaped relationships with adverse outcomes. Purpose The present study aims to evaluate the application of incorporating non-linear J/U-shaped relationships between mean HbA1c and cholesterol levels into risk scores for predicting for AMI and non-AMI related SCD respectively, amongst type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods This was a territory-wide cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus above the age 40 and free from prior AMI and SCD, with or without prescriptions of anti-diabetic agents between January 1st, 2009 to December 31st, 2009 at government-funded hospitals and clinics in Hong Kong. Risk scores were developed for predicting incident AMI and non-AMI related SCD. The performance of conditional inference survival forest (CISF) model compared to that of random survival forests (RSF) model and multivariate Cox model. Results This study included 261308 patients (age = 66.0 ± 11.8 years old, male = 47.6%, follow-up duration = 3552 ± 1201 days, diabetes duration = 4.77 ± 2.29 years). Mean HbA1c and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were significant predictors of AMI under multivariate Cox regression and were linearly associated with AMI. Mean HbA1c and total cholesterol were significant multivariate predictors with a J-shaped relationship with non-AMI related SCD. The AMI and SCD risk scores had an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.666 (95% confidence interval (CI)= [0.662, 0.669]) and 0.677 (95% CI= [0.673, 0.682]), respectively. CISF significantly improves prediction performance of both outcomes compared to RSF and multivariate Cox models. Conclusions A holistic combination of demographic, clinical, and laboratory indices can be used for the risk stratification of type 2 diabetic patients against AMI and SCD.


2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhaykumar . ◽  
K. Nirmala ◽  
M.P.R. Prasad ◽  
Virendra V. Panpatil ◽  
T. Prasanna Krishna ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya F. Memah

Abstract: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are characterized by an acceleration of thrombopoiesis, an increase of platelet turnover, and a decrease of platelet survival time. These conditions affect the platelet count that manifest as an increase of the proportion of large and reactive platelets which are more thrombogenic. This study aimed to obtain the correlation between the platelet count and the platelet aggregation value in T2DM patients. This was an observational analytical study using the Pearson correlation test. Subjects were 30 T2DM outpatients at Endocrine-Metablolic Clinic of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado. Blood samples of all patients were examined for platelet count and platelet aggregation value. The results showed that most of the subjects were ≥50 tahun (86.7%). Mean thrombocyte count was within normal level. Platelet aggregation values of the ADP 10 µm showed hypoaggregation, meanwhile of the ADP 5 µm showed normoaggregation The Pearson correlation test showed that there was no significant correlation between the platelet count and the platelet aggregation value, either using 10µm ADP (P = 0.22) or using 5µm ADP (P = 0.08). Conclusion:Keywords: platelet count, platelet aggregation, T2DMThere was no significant correlation between the platelet count and the platelet aggregation values in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus at Endocrine-Metabolic Clinic of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado.   Abstrak: Pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) terjadi percepatan trombopoiesis, peningkatan pergantian trombosit, dan penurunan waktu hidup trombosit. Hal-hal tersebut dapat memengaruhi jumlah trombosit, yang menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan trombosit berukuran lebih besar dan reaktif yang lebih bersifat trombogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk mendapatkan hubungan antara jumlah trombosit dan nilai agregasi trombosit pada pasien DMT2. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 30 pasien DMT2 di Poliklinik Edokrin-Metabolik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Sampel darah dilakukan pemeriksaan jumlah trombosit dan nilai agregasi trombosit. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa subjek penelitian terbanyak pada usia tua ≥ 50 tahun (86,7%). Rerata jumlah trombosit masih dalam rentang normal, sedangkan nilai agregasi trombosit dengan ADP 10 µm menunjukkan hipoagregasi dan yang dengan ADP 5 µm menunjukkan normoagregasi. Hasil uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jumlah trombosit dan nilai agregasi trombosit baik dengan ADP 10 µm (P = 0,22) maupun ADP 5 µm (P = 0,08). Simpulan: Pada pasien DMT2 di Poliklinik Edokrin-Metabolik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara  jumlah trombosit dan nilai agregasi trombosit.  Kata kunci: jumlah trombosit, sgregasi trombosit, DMT2


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Berns ◽  
V. A. Zakharova ◽  
V. S. Shmidt ◽  
V. S. Lynev ◽  
К. V. Zverev

Aim. To study the association between a positive results of Heart-type fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP) test with the development of adverse outcomes during the year of observation in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) depending on the type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2) presence.Material and methods. The study included 153 patients with NSTEACS hospitalized in the department of emergency cardiology in the period from March 2014 to January 2017. In addition to the standard examination, all patients underwent a qualitative analysis on the h-FABP in venous blood. Results. Kaplan–Meier estimator demonstrated a significant probability of a combined end point in patients with positive h-FABP, both with and without DM-2. H-FABP also acts as a marker for the development of adverse outcomes during the year after NSTE-ACS. Patients with adverse outcomes and type 2 diabetes mellitus had the highest frequency (100%) of positive test reactions.Conclusion. H-FABP positive test when admitted to hospital may be considered as a predictor of adverse long-term outcomes in patients with NSTE-ACS. That statistics is most significant for patients with DM-2.


Author(s):  
Donata Linkeviciute-Ulinskiene ◽  
Auguste Kaceniene ◽  
Audrius Dulskas ◽  
Ausvydas Patasius ◽  
Lina Zabuliene ◽  
...  

This retrospective cohort study aimed to analyze overall and cause-specific mortality risk in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Lithuania. Information on the diagnosis of T2DM and glucose-lowering medication was obtained from the National Health Insurance Fund database, causes of death–from death certificates. Sex, age, and calendar period-standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated. In addition, 89,512 patients were followed-up between 2010 and 2017, contributing to the observation period of 592,321 person-years. Overall mortality risk was increased for both sexes (overall SMR = 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34–1.37). Greatest mortality risk was in the age group of 40–49 years at diabetes diagnosis (SMR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.60–1.76) and among those who had died before the age of 50 (SMR = 22.04, 95% CI 18.82–25.81). Patients treated with insulin only had the highest SMR (2.43, 95% CI 2.32–2.55). Mortality risk increased with increasing diabetes duration and was higher in women in all these groups. The highest cause-specific SMRs were infection-related causes (SMR = 1.44), particularly septicemia (SMR = 1.78), diseases of the circulatory system (SMR = 1.42), especially ischemic heart (SMR = 1.46) and cerebrovascular diseases (SMR = 1.38), as well as diseases of the digestive system (SMR = 1.35). Cancer mortality risk was elevated for women (SMR = 1.13), but not for men (SMR = 0.93). In conclusion, people with T2DM had an excess mortality risk, which was higher in women compared to men, younger people, in those who were diagnosed with T2DM at a younger age, had longer diabetes duration, and who required treatment with insulin.


Pharmateca ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4_2019 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
K.V. Antonova () Antonova ◽  
M.M. Tanashyan () Tanashyan ◽  
M.Yu. Maksimova () Maksimova ◽  
N.V. Shakhparonova () Shakhparonova ◽  
T.I. Romantsova () Romantsova ◽  
...  

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Pietraszek ◽  
Y. Takada ◽  
A. Taminato ◽  
T. Yoshimi ◽  
I. Watanabe ◽  
...  

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