scholarly journals The study of genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
Б.И. Ялаев ◽  
Р.И. Хусаинова
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Epigenetic Factors ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Multifactorial Diseases ◽  
Polymorphic Variants

Актуальным представляется комплексное исследование генетических и эпигенетических факторов и специфики их вклада в структуру патогенеза остеопороза. Обнаружена значимость полиморфных вариантов rs11540149, rs6854081, rs10098470, rs10793442, rs1054204 сайтов связывания микроРНК и rs3134069, rs3102734 и rs7844539 гена OPG в увеличении риска переломов и формировании низкого уровня минеральной плотности костной ткани. Osteoporosis is one of the most common multifactorial diseases, which is characterized by a high risk of fractures and microarchitectural disorders of bone tissue. The study of genetic and epigenetic factors of this disease and their contribution to pathogenesis is relevant. We found the significance of the polymorphic variants rs11540149, rs6854081, rs10098470, rs10793442, rs1054204, rs3134069, rs3102734 and rs7844539 in increasing the risk of fractures and forming a low level of bone mineral density.

scholarly journals Gender aspects of osteoporosis and their relationship to calcium balance

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Fomina ◽  
I A Zyabreva
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Calcium Balance ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
Fracture Development

Aim. To evaluate the state of bone tissue in comparison with calcium balance, to clarify the risk for fracture development in women of different age groups. METHODS. 92 females aged 19 to 89 years were examined clinically with densitometry of lumbar spine and femoral neck and measuring the concentration of total calcium in the blood. RESULTS. In females younger than 50 years decreased bone density according to Z-score was revealed in 30% of cases, among patients with its normal values significant trend to bone rarefaction (-2.0 SD <Z-score ≤-1.5 SD) was registered with the same rate. In the group of females older than 50 years osteopenia was revealed in 46.3% of cases and osteoporosis - in 42.7%, while more significant decrease in bone mineral density was found in the lumbar spine. Past medical history of fractures increased the rate of osteoporosis by 18%. In females older than 50 years compared to younger patients a significant increase of blood calcium concentration was revealed. Besides, statistically significant increase of its level was noted in cases of fractures in the past and osteoporosis. The revealed changes of bone tissue in females below 50 years of age are indicative of increased risk of osteoporosis development in the future. CONCLUSION. High prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia is revealed in the examined patients older than 50 years, and bone mineral density parameters were significantly inversely correlated with calcemia; hence, blood calcium level can be one of the criteria of bone tissue state and in combination with other risk factors for osteoporosis should be taken into account during periodic health examination of females older than 50 years.

scholarly journals Investigating the role of osteoprotegerin gene polymorphic variants in osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulat I. Yalaev ◽  
Anton V. Tyurin ◽  
Regina Y. Mirgalieva ◽  
Elza K. Khusnutdinova ◽  
Rita I. Khusainova
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Ural Region ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Polymorphic Variants ◽  
Volga Ural Region

In recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS), several polymorphic loci of the osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene were significantly associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures in men over 50 years of age and postmenopausal women. The objective of our study was to search for associations of rs3102735, rs3134069, rs2073617, rs2073618, rs3102734 and rs7844539 of the OPG gene with the risk of osteoporotic fractures and the level of BMD in individual and comorbid conditions in men and women from the Volga-Ural region of Russia. Material and Methods — 828 women and 496 men of various ethnic groups (Russians, Turks) were examined using two-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in the femoral neck and lumbar spine. 1324 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples were genotyped using a fluorescent endpoint genotyping system, after that we searched for associations of these polymorphic loci with fractures and low BMD levels of various localizations. As a result, there was a significant association of rs3134069 and rs3102734 with fractures in general and in the peripheral parts of the skeleton, as well as rs7844539 and rs3102734 in women and rs2073618 in men with low BMD. Another significant association of rs3102734 and rs2073618 with low bone mineral density in the femoral neck was found in both genders. Conclusion — Polymorphic variants rs3134069, rs3102734, rs7844539 and rs3102734 are potential markers of the risk of osteoporetic fractures and the formation of low BMD in men and women from the Volga-Ural region of Russia.

scholarly journals Parameters of mineral metabolism and bone density in young males with Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 735-742
Author(s):  
L. B. Drygina ◽  
N. A. Dorofeytchik-Drygina
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Gastric Diseases

Here we present the current data on the chronic gastritis prevalence in young people. An issue regarding involvement of Helicobacter pylori infection in formation of low bone density is discussed. Examining the features of bone tissue metabolism in infection-associated chronic gastritis to optimize diagnostic algorithm was shown to be of high significance. In the study there were enrolled 200 employees working at the EMERCOM of Russia, who suffered from the acid-dependent gastric diseases and risk factors for reducing bone mineral density. Depending on the bone mineral density parameters, examining functional activity of the gastric mucosa, verification of the H. pylori infection, examining parameters of mineral metabolism, vitamin D level, parathyroid hormone, bone tissue remodeling markers was performed. It was shown that atrophic changes in the gastric mucosa the played a lead role in developing low bone mineral density.

ANABOLIC THERAPY AND OPTIMAL TREATMENT SEQUENCES FOR PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROSIS AT HIGH RISK FOR FRACTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Cosman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Anabolic Agents ◽  
Anabolic Therapy ◽  
Fracture Study

Objective: Provide an update regarding anabolic medications for osteoporosis, which are often considered to be the last resort for patients with osteoporosis, after multiple fractures have already occurred and other medications have already been administered. Methods: Literature review and discussion. Results: Recent pivotal trial data for anabolic agents and randomized trials comparing anabolic and antiresorptive medications suggest that three anabolic agents (teriparatide, abaloparatide, and romosozumab) reduce nonvertebral and vertebral fractures faster and to a greater extent than potent antiresorptive treatments. Furthermore, bone density accrual is maximized when patients are given anabolic agents first, followed by potent antiresorptive therapy. Since total hip bone density during or after osteoporosis treatment has emerged as an excellent surrogate for future fracture risk, attaining a greater hip bone mineral density is a treatment goal for high-risk osteoporosis patients. Conclusion: This review defines the highest-risk patients and summarizes the rationale for the evolving role of anabolic therapy in the management of postmenopausal women at high risk for fracture. Abbreviations: ACTIVE = Abaloparatide Comparator Trial in Vertebral Endpoints; ARCH = Active Controlled Fracture Study in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis at High Risk; BMD = bone mineral density; FRAME = Fracture Study in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis; FRAX = Fracture Risk Assessment Tool; PTH = parathyroid hormone; TBS = trabecular bone score

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