scholarly journals GLASS FINDS FROM THE EARLY MEDIEVAL CEMETERIES IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS CENTRAL REGIONS: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ORIGIN

Author(s):  
О.С. Румянцева ◽  
А.А. Кадиева ◽  
С.В. Демиденко ◽  
Д.А. Ханин ◽  
М.В. Червяковская ◽  
...  

В статье рассмотрен химический состав серии стеклянных изделий, происходящих из раннесредневековых могильников центральных районов Северного Кавказа (втор. пол. V VIII в.). Стекло проанализировано методами SEM EDS, EPMA, LA ICP MS. Стекло одного из украшений изготовлено на золе растений и происхождением связано с регионом к востоку от Евфрата (возможно, с сасанидским Ираном) остальные стекла содовые и происходят, вероятно, из Восточного и Юго Восточного Средиземноморья. По составу они находят соответствие среди групп, распространенных на территории Римской империи как в синхронное, так и в более раннее время (HIMT, группы Foy 3.2 Foy 4, Левантийская 1, римское зеленоголубое). Некоторые признаки химического состава позволяют говорить о случайном характере сырья, использовавшегося при изготовлении вставок, и/или о разном происхождении самих украшений со вставками. The paper explores the chemical composition of a series of glass items originating from the early medieval cemeteries discovered in the North Caucasus central regions (second half of the 5th 8th centuries). The glass was analyzed by SEM EDS, EPMA, LA ICP MS methods. The glass of one item was made of plant ash glass, originated from a region east of the Euphrates (possibly, Sasanian Iran) other items were made from soda glass and, most likely, came from the Eastern and Southeastern Mediterranean. Their composition is similar to the glass of the groups well known in the Roman Empire during the same period and earlier (HIMT, Foy 3.2 Foy 4, Roman bluegreen, Levantine I groups). Some aspects of the chemical composition suggest that the the accidental choice of the glass used in making inserts and/or about different origin of the items with inserts.

Author(s):  
S. N. Razumov ◽  
◽  
N. P. Telnov ◽  
S. D. Lysenko ◽  
V. S. Sinika ◽  
...  

A bronze stamping mould for belt-ends was found in 2016 on the outskirts of Slobodzeya on the territory of a multi-layered settlement on the left bank of the Lower Dniester. The item has traces of long-term use; the front side is badly worn out. The stamping mould shows a full-face anthropomorphic male face with a long mustache and beard. An analysis of the finds of early medieval metal stamping moulds for a belt set showed that the overwhelming majority of them are connected with the territory of the Eastern Roman Empire (urban centers) and the Avar Khaganate (graves of "jewelers"). Matrices are dated back to the 7th and 8th centuries. However, the study of items from belt sets with male guises led to the conclusion that such images were quite widely represented in the 9th–10th centuries in different areas, for example, in Moravia, the Upper Dnieper region, the Middle Volga region, the North Caucasus, and the South Ural region. Similar images on objects of toreutics, which had Byzantine and / or Iranian roots, appeared, according to available sources, in the 7th century. Then, parts of a belt set with alike images marking the high social status of the wearer were used by various peoples for several more centuries. It is highly probable that the published stamping mould is related to the nomadic Early Hungarian cemetery (to the sites of Subbotsevo type) (9th century), which was sunk into the Bronze Age barrow at a distance of about 1 km from the place of its discovery. In this case, the finding of the stamping mould may indicate the wintering place of this nomadic group, where the parts of the belt sets were made.


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 884-892
Author(s):  
Anna Shalygina ◽  
◽  
Taisiya Batsazova ◽  
Larisa Ikoeva ◽  
Albina Tedeeva ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
А.Я. Докучаев ◽  
В.М. Газеев ◽  
О.А. Гурбанова

На Северном Кавказе благороднометалльное (золото, серебро, платина, элементы платиновой группы) оруденение черносланцевого типа локализовано в тоар-ааленских флишоидных углеродсодержащих терригенных отложениях, приуроченных к региональной Самуро-Белореченской металлогенической зоне (СБМЗ) – от Дагестана до Адыгеи и Краснодарского края. Вовлечение в поисково-разведочные работы этого стратегического минерального типа оруденения дает возможность расширить минерально-сырьевую базу Южного федерального округа России. Цель исследований – выявление содержаний благородных металлов и элементов платиновой группы (ЭПГ) в промышленных отходах Фиагдонской обогатительной фабрики (ФОФ) и в рудовмещающих тоар-ааленских черносланцевых толщах. ФОФ, в частности, перерабатывала руды полиметаллических месторождений Кадат и Какадур, локализованных в тоар-ааленских флишоидных углеродсодержащих терригенных отложениях Авсандур-Ламардонского рудного поля (АЛРП). Проведена оценка АЛРП на возможность выявления здесь промышленно значимого золото-платиноидного с полиметаллами оруденения в черносланцевой толще. Методы исследования. ICP-MS анализом проанализированы 5 проб в Центре «ИГЕМ-Аналитика» на масс-спектрометре X-Series IIи 13 проб – в Лаборатории физико-химических и химических методов анализа ИМГРЭ на приборе Elan 6100 DRC. Результаты работы. Установленные в 18 пробах (в керне скважин) Фиагдонского хвостохранилища (ФХ) повышенные содержания благородных металлов можно объяснить наличием как в рудах АЛРП, так и во вмещающей их нижне-среднеюрской углеродсодержащей песчано-глинистой флишоидной толще нового для Северного Кавказа нижне-среднеюрского золото-платиноидного cполиметаллами оруденения в черносланцевой толще (2,5-3,2 мас. % УГВ). Предложена модель образования золото-платинового оруденения черносланцевого типа за счет конвекции вадозных вод в высоко металлоносных (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd) ранне-среднеюрских флишоидных толщах алевролито-аргиллитового состава. При поисковых работах на золото-кварцевый, золото-сульфидный и колчеданно-полиметаллический с золотом типы оруденения в Горной Осетии и в восточной части Горного Дагестана был выявлен ряд перспективных на золото объектов.В пределах СБМЗ может быть выявлен ряд промышленно значимых объектов с золото-платиноидным с полиметаллами оруденением в черносланцевых толщах тоар-ааленского возраста. Предложен комплекс мероприятий с минимальными временными, материальными и финансовыми затратами. In the North Caucasus noble-metal (gold, silver, platinum, elements of the platinum group (PGE)) mineralization of the black-shale type is localized in Toar-Aalenian flysch-like organic matter rich, terrigenous sediments in the regional (from Dagestan to Adygea and Krasnodar Territory) Samuro-Belorechenskaya metallogenic zone (SBMZ). Involvement in prospecting and exploration of this strategic type of mineralization provides the opportunity to expand the mineral resource base of the Southern Federal District of Russia. The Aim of the research is to identify the content of platinum and PGE in the industrial wastes of the Fiagdon concentration plant (FCP) and in the ore-bearing Toar-Aalenian black shale strata. In particular, processed ores of the Kadat and Kakadur polymetallic deposits, localized in Avsandur-Lamardon ore field (ALOF). The ALRP was prospected for economic gold-platinum with polymetallic deposit in the black-shales series. Methods. ICP-MS analysis - 5 samples were analyzed by ICP-MS in IGEM-Analytics Center on an X-Series II mass spectrometer and 13 samples - in the Laboratory of Physical-Chemical and Chemical Methods of Analysis of the IMGRE on the Elan 6100 DRC instrument. Results. The elevated noble metal concentrations established in 18 samples (borehole core samples) from the Fiagdon tailings dump could be explained by the presence of both the ALRP ores and the gold-platinum with polymetallic mineralization in the host Toar- Aalenian black-shales series (2.5-3.2 wt. % of carbonaceous matter). The model of formation of gold-platinum mineralization at the expense of vadose water convection in highly metalliferous (Au, Ag, Pt, Pd) Early-Middle Jurassic flysch-like strata of siltstone-argillite composition is proposed. During prospecting works for gold-quartz, gold-sulfide and colliery-polymetallic with gold types of mineralization in the Mountain Ossetia and in the eastern part of Mountain Dagestan a number of promising objects for gold were revealed. A number of economic significant objects with gold-platinum with polymetallic mineralization in black-shale series of Toar-Aalenian age can be identified within the SBMZ. A complex of prospecting with minimal time, material and financial expenses is proposed


2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 239-250
Author(s):  
Tina Milavec

In graves 322 and 310 of the early medieval Nin – Ždrijac cemetery three glass vessels, two stemmed goblets and one bottle were found. They have been interpreted as remains of Late Antique glass production, but a closer look brings further information. The best comparisons for the goblets come from the North Adriatic area while the bottle is most probably of early Islamic production. Interesting possibilities of interpretation arise with the graves being furnished with glass products of such different origin at a time when local secondary glass production seems to have been absent.


Author(s):  
A. A. Balikoev ◽  
R. R. Kozyrev ◽  
A. Ch. Salbieva ◽  
V. A. Odintsov

The article is devoted to the problem of developing the mountainous areas of the North Caucasus, which is the development of the campaign launched in the last century to develop previously uninhabited areas of the earth’s surface. Architectural and construction tasks in the construction of mountain objects in a complex mountainous terrain are complicated by seismic phenomena due to the proximity of Elbrus and Kazbek. The construction of mountain objects is hampered by natural and technogenic phenomena, equivalent to catastrophes. In the history of the development of the mountainous areas of the North Caucasus, the role of mining facilities is important, which, by mining, increases stresses and strains to a critical state with the destruction of rock massifs. The movement of mountain masses and the change in the basis of erosion determine the vectors of exomorphodynamic processes in the region. The probability of disasters in complex terrain conditions is determined by the number and quality of damaging factors and explains the need to optimize the forms and means of architectural support for the development of mountain areas. The problems of urban planning are solved through comprehensive research, one of which is the architectural support of projects, the purpose of which is to combine the principles of designing the architecture of objects and the state of the environment. Architectural support of construction in mountain regions provides, inter alia, an organic combination of the development of small settlements in the region with the prospect of agricultural and industrial production with their social challenges and demands. The effectiveness of the development of mountain areas with the implementation of the recommendations of architectural support is evaluated by the criterion in the form of an increase in the total income of the developed territory, which is a product of taking into account technological, economic and environmental factors of production in developed mountain regions. A promising direction of increasing the economic efficiency of the replacement of scarce binders with alternative substances, for example, fly ash with an increase in their activity in the apparatus and other innovations in the construction and technological areas.


Kavkazologiya ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 154-175
Author(s):  
A.N. GUNYA ◽  
◽  
T.Z. TENOV ◽  
A.M. CHECHENOV ◽  
M.Z. SHOGENOV ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Zabashta ◽  
◽  
Nikolay N. Zabashta ◽  
Ekaterina P. Lisovitskaya ◽  
Elena N. Golovko ◽  
...  

In connection with the increasing requirements for the quality of beef, the need for further technological solutions improvement for the cultivation and fattening of beef calves, aimed at improving meat productivity, ensuring not only the quality, but also the safety of meat, has acquired particular relevance. Data on the production of environmentally friendly raw meat obtained in the foothill zone of Karachay-Cherkessia from the bulls of the Aberdeen-Angus breed in modern conditions of the development of the meat industry are presented in the article. During the growth and development of animals, significant qualitative and quantitative changes occur, associated with an increase in weight and a change in the morphological composition of the carcass. The morphological composition of carcasses, meat yield and its chemical composition in the final period of fattening were studied. When calves reached the slaughter live weight, slaughter was carried out and the meat qualities were studied. Carcass weight was 320.2 kg (carcass yield - 57.2%); boneless beef - 266.7 kg (84.9% of chilled carcass). 58.7% (156.6 kg) of the meat was lean; 30.6% attributed to fatty beef. The moisture content of the combined minced meat was 70.9%; protein - 20.4%; fat - 7.7%; ash - 1.0%. Meat safety was determined from the average sample of minced meat. In terms of chemical composition and safety, beef meets the requirements of the interstate standard GOST 32855-2014 for raw meat. Thus, the maintenance and feeding of young cattle on the foothill pastures of the North Caucasus, used later for meat, provides moderate-intensive and extensive feeding with an insignificant inclusion of concentrates in the diet.


Author(s):  
S.V. Cheremnykh ◽  

The article discusses one of the most optimal options for the development of mountainous areas – the formation of an environment for the development of entrepreneurial activity based on the creation of tourist complexes. The Chechen Republic is replete with numerous cultural monuments. However, no matter how beautiful the nature of the wild is, the area mastered by people must develop. This can be achieved by providing employment for the able-bodied population, which is an integral component for the economic development of the Republic and Russia. Taking into account the specifics of mountainous areas, it is necessary to adopt a set of measures for the development of mountainous areas, including based on the experience of other countries


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