Meat quality of calves raised on pastures of the North Caucasus

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Zabashta ◽  
◽  
Nikolay N. Zabashta ◽  
Ekaterina P. Lisovitskaya ◽  
Elena N. Golovko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
The North ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Minced Meat

In connection with the increasing requirements for the quality of beef, the need for further technological solutions improvement for the cultivation and fattening of beef calves, aimed at improving meat productivity, ensuring not only the quality, but also the safety of meat, has acquired particular relevance. Data on the production of environmentally friendly raw meat obtained in the foothill zone of Karachay-Cherkessia from the bulls of the Aberdeen-Angus breed in modern conditions of the development of the meat industry are presented in the article. During the growth and development of animals, significant qualitative and quantitative changes occur, associated with an increase in weight and a change in the morphological composition of the carcass. The morphological composition of carcasses, meat yield and its chemical composition in the final period of fattening were studied. When calves reached the slaughter live weight, slaughter was carried out and the meat qualities were studied. Carcass weight was 320.2 kg (carcass yield - 57.2%); boneless beef - 266.7 kg (84.9% of chilled carcass). 58.7% (156.6 kg) of the meat was lean; 30.6% attributed to fatty beef. The moisture content of the combined minced meat was 70.9%; protein - 20.4%; fat - 7.7%; ash - 1.0%. Meat safety was determined from the average sample of minced meat. In terms of chemical composition and safety, beef meets the requirements of the interstate standard GOST 32855-2014 for raw meat. Thus, the maintenance and feeding of young cattle on the foothill pastures of the North Caucasus, used later for meat, provides moderate-intensive and extensive feeding with an insignificant inclusion of concentrates in the diet.

Infl uence of crossbreeding and level of feeding on microstructural indicators of lamb

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
I. I. Dmitrik
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Sheep Meat ◽  
Histological Method ◽  
Meat Productivity

When studying indicators that characterize the quality of meat and its nutritional value as part of the development and improvement of existing research methods, histological analysis of the tissues included in it becomes increasingly important. Histological method has been used to study the microstructure of muscle tissue (m. longissimus dorsi) and chemical composition in sheep of diff erent genotypes and reared at diff erent feeding levels. It has been found that the muscle tissue of sheep obtained from crossbreeding of breeds North Caucasus (SC) with Texel (T) has been characterized by a large amount of muscle fi bers by 5,0 and 11,3 % (P < 0,05), the smaller amount by 5,7 and 18,6 % (P < 0,05) in diameter, a higher “marbling” score by 5,2 and 8,3 points, and the lower content of connective tissue by 0,8 and 1,3 abs.% compared to purebreds North Caucasian and from crossbreeding North Caucasian with Poll Dorset breed (PD). Chemical analysis of meat revealed a tendency to increase the content of dry matter and fat by 1,1 and 0,1 abs. % in lamb genotype T×SC and less than the amount by 1,1 and 0,1 abs.% moisture compared to purebreds and PD×SC. Increasing the energy supply of sheep, regardless of breed affi liation, contributes to the formation by 10 % more number of muscle fi bers per unit area and the decrease in their diameter, which increases the “marbling” of lamb and increases its consumer quality. The results have been obtained indicate the feasibility of using morphometric indicators of muscle tissue in the development of criteria for assessing the quality of sheep meat productivity, intended for practical use in agriculture and the meat industry.

Meat productivity and quality of meat of a breeding young semi-shirt-haired sheeps

Vsyo o myase ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Dabaev O.D. ◽  
◽  
Khamiruev T.N. ◽  
Aslaliev A.D. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Calorie Content ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Meat Productivity

The results of the study of the meat productivity of crossbred young animals obtained from the crossing of ewes of the Aginsk breed with the producers of the Kazakh breed of the Bayys type in a comparative aspect with purebred analogs of the original breed at the age of 6 and 18 months are presented. It has been established that crossbred individuals have a significant advantage in terms of slaughter qualities in the analyzed age periods. So, for the pre-slaughter live weight at the age of 6 months. the superiority was 3.0 %, at the age of 18 months. – 6.2 %, for slaughter weight and slaughter yield – 3.4 and 0.2 %; 7.8 and 0.8 % respectively. Lamb obtained from the slaughter of young sheep of the control and experimental groups at the age of 6 months, depending on the weight of carcasses, corresponded to the first class. The chemical composition of the meat indicates the higher calorie content of meat obtained from crossbred young animals. At the same time, the ratio of protein and fat was optimal when slaughtering experimental young animals at the age of 6 months. Tasting evaluation of broth and boiled meat did not reveal significant differences in organoleptic indicators of control and experimental samples.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ABSORPTION CROSSING ON YOUNG CATTLE CARCASS

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Е.А. НИКОНОВА ◽  
В.И. КОСИЛОВ ◽  
И.Ю. БЫСТРОВА ◽  
Е.Н. ПРАВДИНА
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
Content Index ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Meat Productivity

Проблема и цель. Цель исследований – установить генотипические различия по убойным показателям чистопородных и помесных телок, полученных от скрещивания красной степной и голштинской пород, для более широкого использования эффекта гетерозиса в целях увеличения мясной продуктивности. Методология. Для проведения исследования были сформированы 3 группы телочек по 15 голов в каждой: I – красная степная порода, II – ½ голштин х ½ красная степная,III – ¾ голштин х¼ красная степная. По результатам контрольного убоя телок были определены убойные качества и морфологический состав. Качество полученной мясной продукции устанавливали путем определения морфологического состава полутуши и расчета полученного индекса мясности, соотношения съедобных и несъедобных частей туши, выхода мякоти на 100 кг предубойной живой массы. Результаты. Результаты исследований показали, что вследствие проявления эффекта скрещивания помесные телки превосходили чистопородных сверстниц по массе полутуши на 10,9 кг (12,0 %, Р<0,001) и 3,9 кг (4,3 %, Р<0,001), тогда как помеси 2-го поколения несколько уступали помесям 1-го поколения на 7,0 кг (7,4 %, Р<0,01). Неодинаковый выход мякоти у телок разных генотипов был обусловлен межгрупповыми различиями по массе полутуши. Было установлено, что помеси 1-го поколения превосходили по абсолютной массе мякоти телок красной степной породы на 9,3 кг (13,1 %, Р<0,001), а также по относительной – на 0,8 %, а помесей 2-го поколения, соответственно, на 6,0 кг (8,1 %, Р<0,01) и 0,5 %. В свою очередь, помеси 2-го поколения превосходили своих чистопородных сверстниц по изучаемым показателям на 3,3 кг (4,7 %, Р<0,05) и 0,3 % соответственно. Заключение. В результате исследований было установлено положительное влияние скрещивания на убойные показатели и качество мясной продукции. Problem and purpose. The aim of the research is to establish genotypic diferences in the slaughter parameters of purebred and crossbred heifers obtained from crossing red steppe and Holstein breeds, for a wider use of the heterosis efect in order to increase meat productivity. Methodology. To conduct the study, 3 groups of heifers were formed with 15 heads each: I – red steppe breed, II – ½ Holstein x ½ red steppe, III - ¾ Holstein x ¼ red steppe. According to the results of the control slaughter of heifers, the slaughter qualities and morphological composition were determined. The quality of the obtained meat products was determined by examining the morphological composition of the half-carcass and calculating the resulting meat content index, the ratio of edible and inedible parts of the carcass, the yield of meat per 100 kg of pre-slaughter live weight. Results. The results of the research showed that due to the efect of crossbreeding, crossbred heifers outnumbered purebred peers by 10.9 kg (12.0 %, P<0.001) and 3.9 kg (4.3 %, P<0.001), while crossbreeds of the 2nd generation were slightly inferior to crossbreeds of the 1st generation by 7.0 kg (7.4 %, P<0.01). The uneven yield of meat in heifers of diferent genotypes was due to intergroup diferences in the mass of the half-carcass. It was found that hybrids of the 1st generation surpassed red steppe breed heifers by the absolute mass of meat by 9.3 kg (13.1 %, P<0.001), and relative – 0.8 %, and hybrids of the 2nd generation, respectively, 6.0 kg (8.1 percent, P<0.01) and 0.5 %. In turn, crossbreeds of the 2nd generation exceeded their purebred peers in the studied indicators by 3.3 kg (4.7 %, P<0.05) and 0.3%, respectively. Conclusion. As a result of the research, a positive efect of crossbreeding on slaughter indicators and the quality of meat products was established.

scholarly journals Effect of NaCl Replacement by other Salts on the Quality of Bísaro Pork Sausages (PGI Chouriça de Vinhais)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Alfredo Teixeira ◽  
Rubén Domínguez ◽  
Iasmin Ferreira ◽  
Etelvina Pereira ◽  
Leticia Estevinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Oxidation Index ◽  
Pork Sausages

Concerned about the trend to reduce salt consumption, the meat industry has been increasing the strategies to produce and commercialize products where the reduction or even the replacement of NaCl is an important goal. The aim of this study was to test the effect of partial NaCl replacement by KCl and Sub4Salt® on the quality of pork sausages. Three different formulations (NaCl + KCl, NaCl + Sub4Salt®, and KCl + Sub4Salt®) were considered and compared to the control (2% NaCl). Physicochemical properties, chemical composition, and microbiological and sensory characteristics were evaluated. The replacement of NaCl did not affect pH, water activity (aw) or its chemical composition after eight or 16 days ripening time, while a significant sodium reduction was achieved. The oxidation index expressed in TBARS was also not affected by the NaCl substitution and varied between 0.01 to 0.04 of malonaldehyde (MDA) per kg of sample. Similarly, the NaCl replacement did not change the microbiological quality of the sausages, and the production of healthier meat sausages had also no significant effect on their sensory characteristics. Therefore, according to the results obtained, it is viable and a good strategy for the meat industry to produce “reduced sodium content” sausages without affecting their traditional quality.

Influence of different factors on the growth rate of young animals and the quality of beef

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
V. N. Pristupa ◽  
D. S. Torosyan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Meat Productivity

The purpose of the work was to study and identify the main factors aff ecting the quantity and quality of beef produced and sold in the Southern Federal district. A comparative assessment of the growth, development, formation of meat productivity and quality of beef of young animals of beef, dual and dairy breeds with stall-pasture technology and intensive rearing in the industrial complex. Experimental studies have been carried out in farms in the Rostov region. The object of research was cows with calves of Kalmyk, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus, Russian komolaya, Kazakh White-headed breeds, as well as young animals of the same breeds, in addition, Black-and-White and Swiss breeds. Removable live weight in Hereford steers at 18 months of age was 658,0 kg, and Aberdeen-Angus – 655,2 kg. Domestic steers of Kalmyk were 41–44 kg lower in live weight than their herdmates of two imported breeds. However, with intensive rearing at 18 months of age, steers of Kalmyk breed had a removable live weight of more than 613,7 kg and a carcass weight of 326 kg. The yield of hot carcass was 55,4 %, and the slaughter yield was 58,89 %, which was only 1–2 % lower than the world’s leading beef breeds. It has been found when analyzing the results of boning the half-carcasses of experimental steers that the biggest weight of half-carcasses and the content of muscle and fat tissue in them in absolute terms were in Hereford steers. Steers of Kalmyk breed took the third place in terms of weight of large-sized semi–fi nished products and signifi cantly lost to Aberdeen-Angus herdmates by 7,3 kg or 6,5 %, and Hereford steers by 9,2 kg or 8,3 %. The results obtained prove the expediency of using stallpasture technology in the dry-steppe zone of the Southern Federal district when rearing young animals for beef up to 350–400 kg live weight at 15 months of age and its subsequent intensive rearing under industrial technology, in order to obtain the live weight of more than 570 kg and produce cost-eff ective beef.

scholarly journals COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF FARMING RAMS BREEDING VALUE RELATED TO DIFFERENT GENOTYPES

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Ivan Pomitun ◽  
Nadezhda Kosova ◽  
Igor Korkh ◽  
Lubov Pankiv ◽  
Natalia Boyko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Breed Sheep

The results of evaluating the breeding value of rams of different genotypes by a wide range of productivity indicators of their descendants are presented. Tribal rams of the Kharkov interbreed type of Prekos breed of 2-3 years of age, as well as crosses from the introductory crossing of Prekos sheep with the Romanov breed and Merinolandsheep, were evaluated. The resulting offspring were grown under the conditions of one production flock. The evaluation considered the indicators of the reproductive ability of ewes, sex and type of birth of the offspring, the safety of lambs from birth to 20 days of age, the dynamics of the average daily growth of daughters in the uterus and at the age of birth to 20 days and from 21 to 90 days, live weight indicators were considered, cutting and length of hair of daughters at the age of 14 months. Studies have established that the average yield of lambs throughout the sample was 115.3 % per 100 ewes, with significant differences between the estimated producers - from 105.1 to 131.3 %. This indicator did not have a definite relationship with the genotype of the estimated sheep. Among the offspring of all rams, males slightly prevail over females in the ratio of 1.09 to 1. This advantage is due to the large number of rams born among same-sex twins. Their part exceeded 28 %, while only 23.4 % turned out to be similar in type of birth. By the sum of the ranks that were put to individual sheep for the indicators of the average daily growth of daughters at different periods of their growth, the best cross-breed sheep No. 1625 and No. 9953 are distinguished. On the whole, there is a fairly clear tendency for a positive relationship between the ranks for the growth rate in the embryonic period and the same indicator for posterity aged 21-90 days. According to both the ranking and the probity-based evaluation results, ram No. 1625 (a created line based on crossing with the Romanov breed) is assigned to complex improvers. The rest topping ram out to be improvers of individual traits, and the producer of the breed Prekos No. 1823 was an improvement in production of wool and length of staple. Ram No. 1960 turned out to be a complex deteriorator in the quality of offspring. The descendants of rams No. 4464 and 9953, derived from the breed of Merino landscape, reliably (p≤0.01), by 18.6-20.8 % in terms of wool coefficients, are inferior to the daughters of ram No. 1823, breed Prekos, which is an unconditional evidence of the strengthening of their characters meat productivity over wool one.

scholarly journals Qualitative characteristics of population and the state of the economy: analysis of certain groups of Russian regions

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Yelena V. Ryumina
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Monetary Income ◽  
Population Quality

According to the previously developed typology of Russian regions by the criteria of population quality, the regions were divided into ten groups. A detailed analysis of each group allows determining possible ways to improve the quality of the population in the Russian regions. This article begins to present the cycle of such studies with the analysis of three smallest groups: the first group includes Moscow and St. Petersburg, the second — the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Chechen Republic, the third — Nenets, Khanty-Mansi, Yamalo-Nenets autonomous okrugs and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The first group of regions is the most prosperous in terms of quality characteristics of the population, here the main problem is the low natural growth of the population. The specificity of the North Caucasus republics in this aspect lies in high indicators of population quality with low material living standards that contradicts the previously statistically confirmed hypothesis of strong impact of quality of life on population quality. The conclusion has been made about high importance of national culture and traditions in these regions. At the same time, comparison of these republics among themselves has shown that traditions in some of them are weakening, and more attention should be paid to economic factors — monetary income, poverty and unemployment rates. These problems in the North Caucasus regions are in line with the theory of multilevel economy, and their solution requires restructuring of the economy on the basis of its technological and technical re-equipment. In the third group, on the contrary, high monetary income is accompanied by poor qualitative characteristics of the population, especially by rates of alcoholism and drug addiction. These phenomena are correlated with the level of unemployment, the growth of which is caused not only by the global crisis processes in the development of the oil and gas sector, but also by the depletion of highly profitable deposits in the Northern regions of the country, the need to develop hard-to-reach and hardly removable sources of oil and gas. The solution may be to change the structure of the economy of these regions in the direction of development of the natural raw materials processing sector.

scholarly journals GLASS FINDS FROM THE EARLY MEDIEVAL CEMETERIES IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS CENTRAL REGIONS: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ORIGIN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.С. Румянцева ◽  
А.А. Кадиева ◽  
С.В. Демиденко ◽  
Д.А. Ханин ◽  
М.В. Червяковская ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
The North ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Plant Ash ◽  
Different Origin

В статье рассмотрен химический состав серии стеклянных изделий, происходящих из раннесредневековых могильников центральных районов Северного Кавказа (втор. пол. V VIII в.). Стекло проанализировано методами SEM EDS, EPMA, LA ICP MS. Стекло одного из украшений изготовлено на золе растений и происхождением связано с регионом к востоку от Евфрата (возможно, с сасанидским Ираном) остальные стекла содовые и происходят, вероятно, из Восточного и Юго Восточного Средиземноморья. По составу они находят соответствие среди групп, распространенных на территории Римской империи как в синхронное, так и в более раннее время (HIMT, группы Foy 3.2 Foy 4, Левантийская 1, римское зеленоголубое). Некоторые признаки химического состава позволяют говорить о случайном характере сырья, использовавшегося при изготовлении вставок, и/или о разном происхождении самих украшений со вставками. The paper explores the chemical composition of a series of glass items originating from the early medieval cemeteries discovered in the North Caucasus central regions (second half of the 5th 8th centuries). The glass was analyzed by SEM EDS, EPMA, LA ICP MS methods. The glass of one item was made of plant ash glass, originated from a region east of the Euphrates (possibly, Sasanian Iran) other items were made from soda glass and, most likely, came from the Eastern and Southeastern Mediterranean. Their composition is similar to the glass of the groups well known in the Roman Empire during the same period and earlier (HIMT, Foy 3.2 Foy 4, Roman bluegreen, Levantine I groups). Some aspects of the chemical composition suggest that the the accidental choice of the glass used in making inserts and/or about different origin of the items with inserts.

scholarly journals Improvement of Pork Quality at Different Values of Pig Productivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Emelyanov ◽  
Elena Levkovskaya ◽  
Vyacheslav Karatunov ◽  
Nikita Danilenko ◽  
Dmitry Ovchinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Meat Productivity

This article examines how to increase pork meat productivity and quality indicators through the use of crossbreeding. The aim is to increase the meat productivity of animals; reduce losses during production and processing; and improve the criteria for assessing the quality of meat and the organization of its rational use. The purpose of our research is to study the productive quality of the steppe type of pigs, used in the Rostov region in breeding and crossing systems, and the complex of biological and internal indicators in connection with the defects in the quality of pork. Four groups with 16 animals in each were formed: the first group – with the intensive cultivation technology, included pigs of the DM-1 breed, the second – SM-1, the third – the SM-1 × DM-1 crossbreed, the fourth – the DM-1 × SM-1 crossbreed. Analysis of the raw meat showed that the pork had a good ability to emulsify and gel, and had a high nutritional value. The toxicity index in the muscle and fat tissue samples corresponded to the first permissible toxicity group. The study shows the advantages of crossbred individuals over purebred ones, which can be explained by the consequences of heterosis. According to the research results, the use of pig breeding in the industrial production of pork can be recommended in order to improve feedstock and meat productivity, biological and interior indicators, as well as the quality of raw meat. Keywords: pork, crossbreeding, meat productivity, meat quality, steppe type of pigs, interior indicators, fattening qualities, biological and nutritional value of pork

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