Scientometrics view on scientific contacts of academician N.N. Yanenko

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Юрий Иванович Шокин ◽  
Владимир Борисович Барахнин
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Famous Mathematician ◽  
Socialist Labor ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

В данной статье, посвященной столетию со дня рождения выдающегося советского математика и механика, академика АН СССР, Героя Социалистического Труда Николая Николаевича Яненко, представлен подробный анализ его научной генеалогии с использованием проекта “Математическая генеалогия”. Показано, что в научной генеалогии академика Н.Н. Яненко оказались перечислены имена наиболее выдающихся отечественных математиков XIX в., подавляющего большинства крупнейших математиков континентальной Европы XVII - второй половины XIX вв., а также выдающихся астрономов, физиков, медиков, философов, богословов православия, католицизма, англиканства и лютеранства. Кроме того, проанализировано научное сотрудничество Н.Н. Яненко, зафиксированное в Collaboration Distance Project. Установлено, что расстояние соавторства академика Н.Н. Яненко до наиболее известных математиков и физиков ХХ-XXI вв. составляет 3-5. The present work is devoted to the 100th anniversary of the distinguished Soviet specialist in mathematics and mechanics, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor Nikolai Nikolaevich Yanenko. A detailed analysis of N.N. Yanenko scientific genealogy using the “Mathematical genealogy” project is given. It is demonstrated that the scientific genealogy of N.N. Yanenko contains the name of the most prominent national mathematician of the 19th century, the majority of leading mathematician of the continental Europe of the 16th - 2nd half of the 19th centuries, as well as prominent astronomers, physicists, physicians, philosophers, theologians of the Eastern Orthodox Church, Catholicism, Anglicanism, Lutheranism. The scientific cooperation of N.N. Yanenko is analyzed using the Collaboration Distance Project. The co-authorship distance from N.N. Yanenko to the most famous mathematician and physicists of the 20th-21th centuries is computed to be equal to 3-5.

scholarly journals History of otorhinolaryngology in Germany before 1921

HNO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-365
Author(s):  
Albert Mudry ◽  
Robert Mlynski ◽  
Burkhard Kramp
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
German Society ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Organization ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Made In

AbstractIn 2021, the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery is celebrating the 100th anniversary of its foundation. The aim of this article is to present the main inventions and progress made in Germany before 1921, the date the society was founded. Three chronological periods are discernible: the history of otorhinolaryngology (ORL) in Germany until the beginning of the 19th century, focusing mainly on the development of scattered knowledge; the birth of the sub-specialties otology, laryngology (pharyngo-laryngology and endoscopy), and rhinology in the 19th century, combining advances in knowledge and implementation of academic structures; and the creation of the ORL specialty at the turn of the 20th century, mainly concentrating on academic organization and expansion. This period was crucial and allowed for the foundation of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery on solid ground. Germany played an important role in the development and progress of ORL internationally in the 19th century with such great contributors as Anton von Tröltsch, Hermann Schwartze, Otto Körner, Rudolf Voltolini, and Gustav Killian to mention a few.

Funding and Directing Research or Rewarding Scientific Achievements?

Nuncius ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice Bret
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Académie Des Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Achievements

Abstract This study examines the science and technology prize system of the Académie des Sciences through a first survey of the prizes granted over the period extending from the 1720s to the end of the 19th century. No reward policy was envisaged by the Royal Academy of Sciences in the Réglement (statute) promulgated by King Louis XIV in 1699. Prizes were proposed later, first by private donors and then by the state, and awarded in international contests setting out specific scientific or technical problems for savants, inventors and artists to solve. Using cash prizes, under the Ancien Régime the Academy effectively directed and funded research for specific purposes set by donors. By providing it with significant extra funding, the donor-sponsored prizes progressively gave the Academy relative autonomy from the political power of the state. In the 19th century, with the growing awareness of the importance of scientific research, the main question became whether to use the prizes to reward past achievements or to incentivize future research, and the scale and nature of the prizes changed.

scholarly journals The historian of the book and book business I. E. Barenbaum (to the 100th anniversary of his birth)

2021 ◽  
pp. 164-172
Author(s):  
Petr N. Bazanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Books ◽  
The 19Th Century

A detailed review of the scientific activities of professor I. Ye. Barenbaum (1921–2006), the most famous representative of the St. Petersburg school of bibliology in the field of the history of books and book business, is given. Particular attention is paid to his contribution to the study of the history of books in the second half of the 19th century. The role of I. Ye. Barenbaum as an innovator and pioneer in the study of the history of the publishing activity of revolutionary democrats is substantiated. The scientific heritage of the scientist is about 400 publications. I. Ye. Barenbaum’s main research activities were the history of the book business of St. Petersburg, the history of revolutionary-democratic book publishing in the 19th century, the history of the reader, and the French book in Russia. The article analyzes the main works devoted to the book business of St. Petersburg. His contribution to the creation of textbooks on the history of the book is shown. The work of I. Ye. Barenbaum on the historiography of the history of the book is considered.

Chuvash Nikita Bichurin (Iakinf) and Buryat Dorzhi Banzarov — famous researchers of ethnic culture of Mongols in the 19th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-3) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Tikhon Sergeyev ◽  
Vitaly Orlov ◽  
Valery Andreev
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Outstanding Scientist ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The People ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article shows the contribution of two representatives of multinational Russia of the 19th century to the study of the ethnic culture of the Mongols: the first corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences from the Chuvash, the founder of Sinology, an outstanding scientist-monk N. Ya. Bichurin (Fr. Iakinfa) (1777-1853) and the first Buryat scientist, the Buryat “Lomonosov”, Dorzhi Banzarov (1822-1855). Coming from the lower classes of the people, they became prominent representatives of the Russian democratic intelligentsia of the 19th century.

Russian Meteorological Investigations in China in the 19th Century

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Feklova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Far East ◽  
Scientific Network ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

The history of the Russian Magneto-Meteorological Observatory (RMMO) in Beijing has not been extensively researched. Sources for this information are Russian (the Russian State Historical Archive, Saint Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Academy of Sciences, Russian National Library) and Chinese (the First Historical Archive of Beijing, the Library of the Shanghai Zikavey Observatory) archives. These archival materials can be scientifically and methodologically analyzed. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Russian Orthodox Mission (ROM) was founded in the territory of Beijing. Existing until 1955, the ROM performed an important role in the development of Russian–Chinese relations. Russian scientists could only work in Beijing through the ROM due to China’s policy of fierce self-isolation. The ROM became the center of Chinese academic studies and the first training school for Russian sinologists. From its very beginning, it was considered not only a church or diplomatic mission but a research center in close cooperation with the Russian Academy of Sciences. In this context, the RMMO made important weather investigations in China and the Far East in the 19th century. The RMMO, as well as its branch stations in China and Mongolia, part of a scientific network, represented an important link between Europe and Asia and was probably the largest geographical scientific network in the world at that time.

Some Relations Between the Stockholm and Tartu Observatories During the 19th Century

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Swedish Academy ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

AbstractThis article introduces the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the old Stockholm Observatory. It focuses on the Swedish astronomers Jöns Svanberg and Nils H. Selander, and on their work with the Struve Geodetic Arc. The particular relations to the Tartu Observatory through Oskar Backlund and the contemporary Swedish astronomers in Stockholm are traced.

scholarly journals State Measures to Terminate the Illegal Marriage Relations of the Old Believers and the Effectiveness of These Measures in the Tomsk Province in the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
V.N. Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The 19Th Century

The question of the practice of implementing state measures of secular and ecclesiastical authorities to combat the illegal marriage relations of the Old Believers on the example of the Tomsk province in the 19th century. The author has studied a rich complex of unique archival data, which made it possible to identify the specifics of the object under study within a specific region. In particular, it was revealed that the initiators in initiating cases of illegal cohabitation, primarily, were local ministers of the official Orthodox Church. At the same time, they demanded that the secular authorities take more decisive measures, namely of an administrative nature, in the fight against the consolidated marriages of the Old Believers. According to the firm conviction of the imperial authorities, unified marriages contributed to the “growth of the split," and, accordingly, in their opinion, one of the effective methods of easing the tendency toward a “split" is precisely the separation of persons who have married together. This process was often carried out using harsh police measures. However, in the end, imperial officials and clergymen were forced to state that neither spiritual convictions nor forceful influence brought the expected results.

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