Chuvash Nikita Bichurin (Iakinf) and Buryat Dorzhi Banzarov — famous researchers of ethnic culture of Mongols in the 19th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-3) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Tikhon Sergeyev ◽  
Vitaly Orlov ◽  
Valery Andreev
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Outstanding Scientist ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The People ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article shows the contribution of two representatives of multinational Russia of the 19th century to the study of the ethnic culture of the Mongols: the first corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences from the Chuvash, the founder of Sinology, an outstanding scientist-monk N. Ya. Bichurin (Fr. Iakinfa) (1777-1853) and the first Buryat scientist, the Buryat “Lomonosov”, Dorzhi Banzarov (1822-1855). Coming from the lower classes of the people, they became prominent representatives of the Russian democratic intelligentsia of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Male Costume of Serbia and Montenegro on the Frontispieces of 19th Century Books (From the Slavic Literature Fund of the Russian Academy of Sciences Library)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-101
Author(s):  
Anna E. Zhabreva ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Ethnographic Image ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes eight frontispiece portraits of Serbian and Montenegrin statesmen from the 12–19th century as well as one collective ethnographic image of an inhabitant of the Bay of Kotor. These consist of prints found in seventeen Serbian and Montenegrin 19th century publications which were found in the Slavic Literature Fund of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Saint Petersburg). The portraits are considered as works of book graphics, as historical and ethnographic sources. They were compared with other pictorial sources — originals of portraits, images of genuine clothing and jewelry, as well as ethnographic materials. There are detailed descriptions of the costumes depicted in the portraits, the names and characteristics of the clothes, hats and decorations. As a result of the comparison, it was found that some engravings are fictitious images, while others, made from pictorial lifetime originals, can serve as important material for the reconstruction of Serbian and Montenegrin appearance and costume, including specific historical figures. An attempt was made to reveal the relationship of the costume of the ruler at the end of the 18th — first half of the 19th century both with the fashion trends of the era, and with his national identity and political views. These aspects manifested themselves with particular vividness in the portraits of Milos Obrenovich, Karageorgy, Vladyka Daniel and Peter Petrovich Njegos. The analysis of portraits in chronological order made it possible to touch upon the theme of Serbian and Montenegrin costume history, which has been insufficiently studied in the Russian press.

G. B. CAVIGLIA AND THE BEGINNING OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDY OF ROCK-CUT TOMBS OF THE EASTERN ESCARPMENT OF GIZA

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
M. A. Lebedev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Accurate Interpretation ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Italian Researcher

The paper continues a series of publications dealing with early explorers who contributed to the study of the eastern escarpment of the Giza Necropolis. Its protagonist is the Italian antiquarian Giovanni Battista Caviglia, the author of the first documented archaeological works in rock-cut tombs on the territory of the modern-day Russian concession at the pyramids. The paper argues that the Italian researcher had access to many burial complexes both in the southern and in the northern parts of the necropolis area currently studied by specialists from the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Contemporary reports demonstrate that Caviglia not only excavated ancient tombs, but also lived in one of the rock-cut complexes and used rock-cut chapels as storerooms for his finds. In 1835, the British officer Howard Vyse, who hired Caviglia for his excavations at Giza, built a large camp at the eastern escarpment of the necropolis. The author locates the camp in front of the tombs of Perinendju, Tjenty I, Tjenty II, and Khufuhotep and examines its fate: After the end of British excavations in 1837, the camp was converted into the first hotel at the foot of the pyramids. Narrative and visual materials presented in works of explorers of the first half of the 19th century correspond neatly with the material culture artifacts retrieved in Giza during contemporary Russian excavations. Despite the disappearance of the camp built by Vyse, the occupation layer preserved in the rock-cut tombs contains numerous finds and complexes that can be dated to the 18th–19th centuries. A thorough study of the activities and field practices of early explorers in the age of antiquarianism contributes to the better understanding of the general stratigraphy of the Giza Necropolis and works toward more accurate interpretation of the archaeological evidence obtained by contemporary specialists at the foot of the pyramids.

scholarly journals Medieval or Early Pre-Modern? Dating Several Fragments from a Judeo-Persian Manuscript (C40 Hebrew, the IOM RAS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1219-1237
Author(s):  
Ekaterina M. Belkina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines some paleographic and codicological aspects of several fragments of the undated manuscript C40 from the Hebrew Collection in the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IOM RAS). This is a codex of Shahin's Musa-name, formed from some different, scattered fragments. Apparently, three large fragments of this manuscript are taken from medieval codices, which were gathered by one person (the so-called “restorer”) in the 19th century. Judging from the results of their comparative and historical analysis, one can suggest some possibilities for dating of each fragment. The author dates these fragments back to the late 15th early 16th centuries C.E. According to her, they were transcribed in the region where the cities of Qum and Kashan are located (the current provinces of Qum and Isfahan in Iran). Unfortunately, it is hardly possible to provide a more accurate localization. However, several dated and previously studied Jewish manuscripts from this period and this area have nearly the same attributes, quality, or characteristics of the writing material and the type of writing, as well as some textual pattern.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn on the Indissoluble Connection of Russian Patriotism and Anti-Sovetism. The Main Ideas of «The Gulag Archipelago»

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 221-244
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Tsipko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
The People ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Gulag Archipelago

In the article the author analyzes the main notional lines in the work of A.I. Solzhenitsyn through the prism of Russian philosophy legacy. According to the author the analysis of the nature, motives and lie in the works of the writer are related to the respective works of F.M. Dostoevsky, K.N. Leontiev and other Russian thinkers. «All Communist content is turned into nonsense by the Russian life», and «all its nonsense is severe due to the intolerable truth of the suffering…», – this statement of F.A. Stepun is well pertinent to the creative work of A.I. Solzhenitsyn that shows vivid examples of barbaric cruelty of the authorities towards the people. Still, according to the author of the article, the reasons for such cruelty were reflected even earlier, in the works of Russian philosophers of the 19th century.

Funding and Directing Research or Rewarding Scientific Achievements?

Nuncius ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice Bret
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Royal Academy ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Académie Des Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Achievements

Abstract This study examines the science and technology prize system of the Académie des Sciences through a first survey of the prizes granted over the period extending from the 1720s to the end of the 19th century. No reward policy was envisaged by the Royal Academy of Sciences in the Réglement (statute) promulgated by King Louis XIV in 1699. Prizes were proposed later, first by private donors and then by the state, and awarded in international contests setting out specific scientific or technical problems for savants, inventors and artists to solve. Using cash prizes, under the Ancien Régime the Academy effectively directed and funded research for specific purposes set by donors. By providing it with significant extra funding, the donor-sponsored prizes progressively gave the Academy relative autonomy from the political power of the state. In the 19th century, with the growing awareness of the importance of scientific research, the main question became whether to use the prizes to reward past achievements or to incentivize future research, and the scale and nature of the prizes changed.

Scholars discover local history: the case of northeast Lapland in the 18th century

Polar Record ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lähteenmäki
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Local History ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
The People ◽  
New Form ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Distant Region

ABSTRACTThe academic study of local and regional history in Sweden took on a quite new form and significance in the 18th century. Humiliating defeats in wars had brought the kingdom's period of greatness to an end and forced the crown to re-evaluate the country's position and image and reconsider the internal questions of economic efficiency and settlement. One aspect in this was more effective economic and political control over the peripheral parts of the realm, which meant that also the distant region of Kemi Lapland, bordering on Russia, became an object of systematic government interest. The practical local documentation of this area took the form of dissertations prepared by students native to the area under the supervision of well known professors, reports sent back by local ministers and newspaper articles. The people responsible for communicating this information may be said to have functioned as ‘mimic men’ in the terminology of H.K. Bhabha. This supervised gathering and publication of local information created the foundation for the nationalist ideology and interest in ordinary people and local cultures that emerged at the end of the century and flourished during the 19th century.

Pro-Qajar Elements in Dagestan (Early 19th Century)

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-286
Author(s):  
Temur Aytberov ◽  
Shahban Khapizov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Persian Wars ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

AbstractIt is known that the Qajars had their supporters in Dagestan during the Russo-Persian Wars in the early 19th century. This fact is well documented in Persian chronicles and royal decrees (firmāns), as well as in the materials from the Russian archives. However, the number of historical documents originating from the region itself is drastically few. This paper presents three letters in Arabic, without dates, but definitely from the same period, illustrating the political situation of the time in the mountains of Dagestan and the geographical extent of the Qajar influence in the area. The letters were discovered recently in the Archives of the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Dagestan Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences in Makhachkala. The English translation is accompanied by the facsimile reproduction of the original texts, and commentaries.

scholarly journals PEMIKIRAN JAMALUDDIN AL-AFGHANI (JAMAL AD-DIN AL-AFGHANI) (1838 – 1897 M)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Akmal Hawi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The 19th century to the 20th century is a moment in which Muslims enter a new gate, the gate of renewal. This phase is often referred to as the century of modernism, a century where people are confronted with the fact that the West is far ahead of them. This situation made various responses emerging, various Islamic groups responded in different ways based on their Islamic nature. Some respond with accommodative stance and recognize that the people are indeed doomed and must follow the West in order to rise from the downturn. Others respond by rejecting anything coming from the West because they think it is outside of Islam. These circles believe Islam is the best and the people must return to the foundations of revelation, this circle is often called the revivalists. One of the figures who is an important figure in Islamic reform, Jamaluddin Al-Afghani, a reformer who has its own uniqueness, uniqueness, and mystery. Departing from the division of Islamic features above, Afghani occupies a unique position in responding to Western domination of Islam. On the one hand, Afghani is very moderate by accommodating ideas coming from the West, this is done to improve the decline of the ummah. On the other hand, however, Afghani appeared so loudly when it came to the question of nationality or on matters relating to Islam. As a result, Afghani traces his legs on two different sides, he is a modernist but also a fundamentalist. 

scholarly journals The Theme of Death and Eternity in Emily Dickenson’s Poetry

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2 (5)) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
Gayane Petrosyan
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
American Poetry ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Surrounding World ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Universe

The poetry of the world-renowned poetess Emily Dickenson received general acclaim in the fifties of the previous century, 70 years after her death. This country-dwelling lady who had locked herself from the surrounding world, created one of the most precious examples of the 19th century American poetry and became one of the most celebrated poets of all time without leaving her own garden.Her soul was her universe and the mission of Dickenson’s sole was to open the universe to let the people see it. Interestingly, most of her poems lack a title, are short and symbolic. The poetess managed to disclose the dark side of the human brain which symbolizes death and eternity.

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