Biocontrol potential of Pseudomonas synxantha P4/16_1 for suppression of brown rot disease on plum fruit

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of both antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) and Alcaligenes faecalis (ACBC1) used in combination with salicylic acid (SA) to effectively control brown rot disease caused by Monilinia fructigena. Four concentrations of salicylic acid (0.5%, 2%, 3.5%, and 5%) were tested under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Furthermore, the impact of biological treatments on nectarine fruit parameters’ quality, in particular, weight loss, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content, was evaluated. Regardless of the bacterium, the results indicated that all combined treatments displayed a strong inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of M. fructigena and disease severity. Interestingly, all SA concentrations significantly improved the biocontrol activity of each antagonist. The mycelial growth inhibition rate ranged from 9.79% to 88.02% with the highest reduction rate recorded for bacterial antagonists in combination with SA at both concentrations of 0.5% and 3.5%. The in vivo results confirmed the in vitro results with a disease severity varying from 0.00% to 51.91%. A significant biocontrol improvement was obtained with both antagonistic bacteria when used in combination with SA at concentrations of 0.5% and 2%. The lowest disease severity observed with ACBC1 compared with SF14 is likely due to a rapid adaptation and increase of antagonistic bacteria population in wounded sites. The impact of all biological treatments revealed moderate significant changes in the fruit quality parameters with weight loss for several treatments. These results suggest that the improved disease control of both antagonistic bacteria was more likely directly linked to both the inhibitory effects of SA on pathogen growth and induced fruit resistance.

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Peach Brown Rot: Still in Search of an Ideal Management Option

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture8080125 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 125 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Vitus Ikechukwu Obi ◽

Juan José Barriuso ◽

Yolanda Gogorcena

Keyword(s):

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Crop Production ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Management Option ◽

Management Options ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Resistant Varieties ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Post Harvest Loss

The peach is one of the most important global tree crops within the economically important Rosaceae family. The crop is threatened by numerous pests and diseases, especially fungal pathogens, in the field, in transit, and in the store. More than 50% of the global post-harvest loss has been ascribed to brown rot disease, especially in peach late-ripening varieties. In recent years, the disease has been so manifest in the orchards that some stone fruits were abandoned before harvest. In Spain, particularly, the disease has been associated with well over 60% of fruit loss after harvest. The most common management options available for the control of this disease involve agronomical, chemical, biological, and physical approaches. However, the effects of biochemical fungicides (biological and conventional fungicides), on the environment, human health, and strain fungicide resistance, tend to revise these control strategies. This review aims to comprehensively compile the information currently available on the species of the fungus Monilinia, which causes brown rot in peach, and the available options to control the disease. The breeding for brown rot-resistant varieties remains an ideal management option for brown rot disease control, considering the uniqueness of its sustainability in the chain of crop production.

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Sheath Brown Rot Disease of Rice Caused by Pseudomonas Fuscovaginae in the Peninsular Malaysia

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/v10045-009-0037-x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Azmi Razak ◽

Nur Zainudin ◽

Siti Sidiqe ◽

Nor Ismail ◽

Nik Mohamad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brown Rot ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Rot Disease

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An Emerging Pathogen from Rotted Chestnut in China: Gnomoniopsis daii sp. nov.

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10111016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1016 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ning Jiang ◽

Chengming Tian

Keyword(s):

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Fruit Rot ◽

Economic Viability ◽

Emerging Pathogen ◽

Morphological Comparison ◽

Sweet Chestnut ◽

Rot Disease

Nut quality is fundamental to the economic viability of the Chinese sweet chestnut industry, but fruit rot disease significantly reduces this quality. In this study, we investigated chestnut rot in Anhui and Hubei provinces in China. Typical brown rot symptoms were observed, affecting nuts from different plantations. Isolates were obtained from symptomatic tissues of rotted fruits that were identified based on morphological comparison and phylogenetic analyses of partial internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and tef1 and tub2 gene sequences. The inoculation results showed that the tested fungal species is pathogenic to chestnut fruits. Hence, a new and severe pathogen that causes Chinese sweet chestnut brown rot, Gnomoniopsis daii sp. nov., is introduced herein.

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Microbial biodiversity as related to crop succession and potato intercropping for management of brown rot disease

Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control ◽

10.1186/s41938-019-0185-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. A. S. Messiha ◽

K. M. A. Elhalag ◽

N. M. Balabel ◽

S. M. A. Farag ◽

H. A. Matar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sandy Soils ◽

Brown Rot ◽

High Ratio ◽

Fluorescent Pseudomonads ◽

Clay Soils ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Potato Brown Rot ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Bacterial Plant Pathogen ◽

Crop Succession

AbstractPotato brown rot, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, ranked globally as the second most important bacterial plant pathogen. In the present study, the influence of different cropping programs in potato brown rot management was investigated in four infected fields in Egypt. Two districts were selected as sandy soils in Giza (Wardan) and Behera (Ganuob El-Tahrir) governorates. The other two were selected as silty clay in Minufyia (Talia) and Beni-Suef (Sids) governorates. The followed crop succession included corn, potato intercropped with cabbage, onion, cowpea, wheat, corn again, and ended by potato. The pathogen was undetectable after corn, onion, and wheat. It decreased in cowpea and cabbage rhizospheres in the clay soils. The pathogen was undetectable at all districts, except at Sids, where the pathogen was significantly decreased but was not eradicated. This was possibly attributed to the high ratio of NO3− and Na+ at this district. Decreased R. solanacearum density after corn coincided with the high ratio of fluorescent pseudomonads, endospores, and actinomycetes, being most clear in the poor soils (Wardan) and less clear under iron excess at Ganoub El-Tahrir as well as the clay soils. Corn rhizosphere supported an array of antagonistic actinomycetes such as strains similar to Streptomyces intermedius, Streptomyces albidoflavus group, Streptomyces argenteolus group, and Streptomyces erythrogriseus. Intercropping potato with cabbage decreased the density of the pathogen in rhizosphere, which is associated with greater antagonistic fluorescent pseudomonads, Bacillus spp. and Serratia spp. Onion soil and rhizosphere associated with abundance of antagonists and fluorescent pseudomonads, followed by S. maltophilia and Bacillus spp. Wheat soil and rhizosphere supported fluorescent pseudomonads and antagonistic Streptomyces spp., especially in sandy soils. The pathogen was undetectable after planting the ending potato in the three districts, Wardan, Ganoub El-Tahrir, and Talia. This was accompanied by a general oligotrophism and increased ratio of fluorescent pseudomonads, endospores bacteria, and actinomycetes along with a diversity of R. solanacearum antagonists such as S. maltophilia, Citrobacter freundii, Acinetobacter sp., Delftia sp., and Serratia marcescens.

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Genome Resource of Two Potato Strains of Ralstonia solanacearum Biovar 2 (Phylotype IIB Sequevar 1) and Biovar 2T (Phylotype IIB Sequevar 25) Isolated from Lowlands in Iran

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-02-20-0026-a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (7) ◽

pp. 872-875 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nasim Sedighian ◽

Marjon Krijger ◽

Tanvi Taparia ◽

S. Mohsen Taghavi ◽

Emmanuel Wicker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Complete Genome ◽

Genomic Data ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Tropical Lowlands ◽

Major Pathogens

Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt and brown rot disease, is one of the major pathogens of solanaceous crops, including potato, around the globe. Biovar 2T (phylotype II/sequevar 25) of R. solanacearum is adapted to tropical lowlands and is only reported in South America and Iran. Thus far, no genome resource of the biovar 2T of the pathogen has been available. Here, we present the near-complete genome sequences of the biovar 2T strain CFBP 8697 as well as strain CFBP 8695 belonging to biovar 2 race 3, both isolated from potato in Iran. The genomic data of biovar 2T will extend our understanding of the virulence features of R. solanacearum and pave the way for research on biovar 2T functional and interaction genetics.

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Monilinia spp. Causing Brown Rot of Stone Fruit in Serbia

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-07-14-0732-re ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 99 (5) ◽

pp. 709-717 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jovana Hrustić ◽

Goran Delibašić ◽

Ivana Stanković ◽

Mila Grahovac ◽

Branka Krstić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Stone Fruit ◽

Monilinia Laxa ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Rot Disease ◽

First Time

Brown rot is one of the most important pre- and postharvest fungal diseases of stone fruit worldwide. In Serbia, where production of stone fruit is economically important, Monilinia laxa and M. fructigena are widely distributed. In surveys from 2011 to 2013, 288 isolates of Monilinia spp. were collected from 131 localities in 16 districts and from six hosts in Serbia. Using multiplex polymerase chain reaction, phylogenetic analysis, and morphological characterization, three species of Monilinia were identified as the causal agents of brown rot of stone fruit: M. laxa (89% of isolates), M. fructigena (3%), and M. fructicola (8%). In 2011, M. fructicola was reported for the first time on stone fruit in Serbia, with only one isolate detected. More isolates of M. fructicola were detected in 2012 (2 isolates) and 2013 (20 isolates). The presence of M. fructicola, as well as its increased frequency of detection during the survey, may indicate a change in the population structure of these pathogens, which could have an important impact on brown rot disease management in Serbia.

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Identification and Characterization of Three Monilinia Species from Plum in China

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-12-14-1308-re ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 99 (12) ◽

pp. 1775-1783 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Liang-Fen Yin ◽

Shu-Ning Chen ◽

Guo-Kang Chen ◽

Guido Schnabel ◽

Sheng-Fang Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brown Rot ◽

Single Spore ◽

Chongqing Municipality ◽

Prunus Salicina ◽

Size Number ◽

Colony Color ◽

Rot Disease ◽

Germ Tubes ◽

Colony Shape

In total, 112 Monilinia spp. single-spore isolates were collected from plum fruit (Prunus salicina) symptomatic for brown rot disease from Yunnan, Hubei, and Zhejiang provinces and Chongqing municipality, China between 2012 and 2014. Three distinct colony morphologies (phenotypes) were observed on potato dextrose agar and two isolates per phenotype were selected for further analysis. Colony color, colony shape, conidia size, number of germ tubes per conidia, and pathogenicity on plum were investigated. The ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 as well as a polymerase chain reaction-based method that amplified fragments of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) and β-tubulin (TUB2) genes were used to identify the isolates to the species level. The three phenotypes were identified to be three different species: Monilinia fructicola, Monilia mumecola, and Monilia yunnanensis. Phylogenetic analysis based on G3PDH and TUB2 nucleotide sequences revealed that isolates within species clustered together regardless of host or geographical origin, suggesting that these factors did not play an important role for the evolutionary separation of the described species.

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