A Heuristic Model for 3D Layered Materials with 2D Cationic Diffusion Currents from Their Honeycomb Lattice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill Mbiti Kanyolo ◽  
Titus Masese
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Layered Materials ◽  
Honeycomb Structure ◽  
Honeycomb Lattice ◽  
Heuristic Model ◽  
Layered Oxides ◽  
Alkali Cations ◽  
Quantum Properties ◽  
Curvature Deformation

<div><p>Honeycomb layered oxides are a novel class of materials generally exhibiting high ionic conductivity with battery applications. Owing to their honeycomb structure and layered framework, this class of materials is thought to harbor unique electrochemistry and physics. Here, a heuristic diffusion model of the charged alkali cations (such as lithium, sodium or potassium) in two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb layers within the three-dimensional (3D) crystal of honeycomb layered oxide is proposed. The model relates the excitation of cationic vacancies (by applied electromagnetic fields) to the Gaussian curvature deformation of the 2D surface. The quantum properties of the cations and their interlayer mixing through quantum tunneling are also considered. This work offers a novel theoretical framework for the study of 3D layered materials with 2D cationic diffusion currents, whilst providing pedagogical insights in the role of geometry in Brownian motion and quantum theory.</p><br></div>

scholarly journals An Idealised Approach of Geometry and Topology to the Diffusion of Cations in Honeycomb Layered Oxide Frameworks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill Mbiti Kanyolo ◽  
Titus Masese
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Quantum Geometry ◽  
Layered Oxides ◽  
Alkali Cations ◽  
Layered Oxide ◽  
Quantum Tunnelling ◽  
Quantum Properties ◽  
Curvature Deformation ◽  
Topological Phase Transitions

<div><p>Honeycomb layered oxides are a novel class of nanostructured materials comprising alkali or alkaline earth metals intercalated into transition metal slabs. The intricate honeycomb architecture and layered framework endows this family of oxides with a tessellation of features such as exquisite electrochemistry, unique topology and fascinating electromagnetic phenomena. Despite having innumerable functionalities, these materials remain highly underutilized as their underlying atomistic mechanisms are vastly unexplored. Therefore, in a bid to provide a more in-depth perspective, we propose an idealised diffusion model of the charged alkali cations (such as lithium, sodium or potassium) in the two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb layers within the three-dimensional (3D) crystal of honeycomb layered oxide frameworks. This model not only explains the correlation between the excitation of cationic vacancies (by applied electromagnetic fields) and the Gaussian curvature deformation of the 2D surface, but also takes into consideration, the quantum properties of the cations and their inter-layer mixing through quantum tunnelling. Through this work, we offer a novel theoretical framework for the study of 3D layered materials with 2D cationic diffusion currents, as well as providing pedagogical insights into the role of topological phase transitions in these materials in relation to Brownian motion and quantum geometry.<br></p></div>

scholarly journals An Idealised Approach of Geometry and Topology to the Diffusion of Cations in Honeycomb Layered Oxide Frameworks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill Mbiti Kanyolo ◽  
Titus Masese
Keyword(s):  
Layered Crystal ◽  
Quantum Geometry ◽  
Layered Oxides ◽  
Alkali Cations ◽  
Layered Oxide ◽  
Quantum Tunnelling ◽  
Coinage Metals ◽  
Curvature Deformation ◽  
Topological Phase Transitions

<div><p>Honeycomb layered oxides are a novel class of nanostructured materials comprising alkali or coinage metals intercalated into transition metal slabs. The intricate honeycomb architecture and layered framework endows this family of oxides with a tessellation of features such as exquisite electrochemistry, unique topology and fascinating electromagnetic phenomena. Despite having innumerable functionalities, these materials remain highly underutilised as their underlying atomistic mechanisms are vastly unexplored. Therefore, in a bid to provide a more in-depth perspective, we propose an idealised diffusion model of the charged alkali cations (such as lithium, sodium or potassium) in the two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb layers within the multi-layered crystal of honeycomb layered oxide frameworks. This model not only explains the correlation between the excitation of cationic vacancies (by applied electromagnetic fields) and the Gaussian curvature deformation of the 2D surface, but also takes into consideration, the quantum properties of the cations and their inter-layer mixing through quantum tunnelling. Through this work, we offer a novel theoretical framework for the study of multi-layered materials with 2D cationic diffusion currents, as well as providing pedagogical insights into the role of topological phase transitions in these materials in relation to Brownian motion and quantum geometry.<br></p></div>

scholarly journals An Idealised Approach of Geometry and Topology to the Diffusion of Cations in Honeycomb Layered Oxide Frameworks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill Mbiti Kanyolo ◽  
Titus Masese
Keyword(s):  
Layered Crystal ◽  
Quantum Geometry ◽  
Layered Oxides ◽  
Alkali Cations ◽  
Layered Oxide ◽  
Quantum Tunnelling ◽  
Coinage Metals ◽  
Curvature Deformation ◽  
Topological Phase Transitions

<div><p>Honeycomb layered oxides are a novel class of nanostructured materials comprising alkali or coinage metals intercalated into transition metal slabs. The intricate honeycomb architecture and layered framework endows this family of oxides with a tessellation of features such as exquisite electrochemistry, unique topology and fascinating electromagnetic phenomena. Despite having innumerable functionalities, these materials remain highly underutilised as their underlying atomistic mechanisms are vastly unexplored. Therefore, in a bid to provide a more in-depth perspective, we propose an idealised diffusion model of the charged alkali cations (such as lithium, sodium or potassium) in the two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb layers within the multi-layered crystal of honeycomb layered oxide frameworks. This model not only explains the correlation between the excitation of cationic vacancies (by applied electromagnetic fields) and the Gaussian curvature deformation of the 2D surface, but also takes into consideration, the quantum properties of the cations and their inter-layer mixing through quantum tunnelling. Through this work, we offer a novel theoretical framework for the study of multi-layered materials with 2D cationic diffusion currents, as well as providing pedagogical insights into the role of topological phase transitions in these materials in relation to Brownian motion and quantum geometry.<br></p></div>

scholarly journals An Idealised Approach of Geometry and Topology to the Diffusion of Cations in Honeycomb Layered Oxide Frameworks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwill Mbiti Kanyolo ◽  
Titus Masese
Keyword(s):  
Layered Crystal ◽  
Quantum Geometry ◽  
Layered Oxides ◽  
Alkali Cations ◽  
Layered Oxide ◽  
Quantum Tunnelling ◽  
Coinage Metals ◽  
Curvature Deformation ◽  
Topological Phase Transitions

<div><p>Honeycomb layered oxides are a novel class of nanostructured materials comprising alkali or coinage metals intercalated into transition metal slabs. The intricate honeycomb architecture and layered framework endows this family of oxides with a tessellation of features such as exquisite electrochemistry, unique topology and fascinating electromagnetic phenomena. Despite having innumerable functionalities, these materials remain highly underutilised as their underlying atomistic mechanisms are vastly unexplored. Therefore, in a bid to provide a more in-depth perspective, we propose an idealised diffusion model of the charged alkali cations (such as lithium, sodium or potassium) in the two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb layers within the multi-layered crystal of honeycomb layered oxide frameworks. This model not only explains the correlation between the excitation of cationic vacancies (by applied electromagnetic fields) and the Gaussian curvature deformation of the 2D surface, but also takes into consideration, the quantum properties of the cations and their inter-layer mixing through quantum tunnelling. Through this work, we offer a novel theoretical framework for the study of multi-layered materials with 2D cationic diffusion currents, as well as providing pedagogical insights into the role of topological phase transitions in these materials in relation to Brownian motion and quantum geometry.<br></p></div>

The Role of Three-Dimensional Imaging in Evaluation of the Sinonasal Mass

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Sue Yon Shim ◽  
Ki Joon Sung ◽  
Young Ju Kim ◽  
In Soo Hong ◽  
Myung Soon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging ◽  
Sinonasal Mass

Homogenization and Mass Identity vs. Individual Identity. An Analysis in the Light of the Theory of “The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Miriam Aparicio
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
The Media

This study tests some hypotheses included in the psycho-social-communicational paradigm, which emphasizes the cognitive effects of the media and the role of the psychosocial subject as the recipient

Dysregulation of HOX as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Yeon Lee ◽  
Myoung Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Hox Protein

: HOX genes belong to the highly conserved homeobox superfamily, responsible for the regulation of various cellular processes that control cell homeostasis, from embryogenesis to carcinogenesis. The abnormal expression of HOX genes is observed in various cancers, including breast cancer; they act as oncogenes or as suppressors of cancer, according to context. In this review, we analyze HOX gene expression patterns in breast cancer and examine their relationship, based on the three-dimensional genome structure of the HOX locus. The presence of non-coding RNAs, embedded within the HOX cluster, and the role of these molecules in breast cancer have been reviewed. We further evaluate the characteristic activity of HOX protein in breast cancer and its therapeutic potential.

Central ossifying fibroma of mandible

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e239286
Author(s):  
Kumar Nilesh ◽  
Prashant Punde ◽  
Nitin Shivajirao Patil ◽  
Amol Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Mandible Reconstruction ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Osseous Lesion ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Ossifying fibroma (OF) is a rare, benign, fibro-osseous lesion of the jawbone characterised by replacement of the normal bone with fibrous tissue. The fibrous tissue shows varying amount of calcified structures resembling bone and/or cementum. The central variant of OF is rare, and shows predilection for mandible among the jawbone. Although it is classified as fibro-osseous lesion, it clinically behaves as a benign tumour and can grow to large size, causing bony swelling and facial asymmetry. This paper reports a case of large central OF of mandible in a 40-year-old male patient. The lesion was treated by segmental resection of mandible. Reconstruction of the surgical defect was done using avascular fibula bone graft. Role of three-dimensional printing of jaw and its benefits in surgical planning and reconstruction are also highlighted.

scholarly journals Charge algebra in Al(A)dSn spacetimes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Fiorucci ◽  
Romain Ruzziconi
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Dirichlet Boundary ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dirichlet Boundary Conditions ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Asymptotic Symmetry ◽  
Renormalization Procedure ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Odd Dimensions

Abstract The gravitational charge algebra of generic asymptotically locally (A)dS spacetimes is derived in n dimensions. The analysis is performed in the Starobinsky/Fefferman-Graham gauge, without assuming any further boundary condition than the minimal falloffs for conformal compactification. In particular, the boundary structure is allowed to fluctuate and plays the role of source yielding some symplectic flux at the boundary. Using the holographic renormalization procedure, the divergences are removed from the symplectic structure, which leads to finite expressions. The charges associated with boundary diffeomorphisms are generically non-vanishing, non-integrable and not conserved, while those associated with boundary Weyl rescalings are non-vanishing only in odd dimensions due to the presence of Weyl anomalies in the dual theory. The charge algebra exhibits a field-dependent 2-cocycle in odd dimensions. When the general framework is restricted to three-dimensional asymptotically AdS spacetimes with Dirichlet boundary conditions, the 2-cocycle reduces to the Brown-Henneaux central extension. The analysis is also specified to leaky boundary conditions in asymptotically locally (A)dS spacetimes that lead to the Λ-BMS asymptotic symmetry group. In the flat limit, the latter contracts into the BMS group in n dimensions.

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