scholarly journals Electrolytic Conversion of Bicarbonate Solutions to CO at >500 mA cm-2 and 2.2 V

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zishuai Zhang ◽  
Eric W. Lees ◽  
Shaoxuan Ren ◽  
Aoxue Huang ◽  
Curtis P. Berlinguette
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Bicarbonate Solutions ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Electrolyzers that reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) into chemicals and fuels often use high-purity gaseous CO2 feedstocks that need to be isolated from upstream carbon capture units. If CO2 were to be captured directly from air, the eluent is likely to be an aqueous solution rich in bicarbonate ions (HCO3-). This scenario provides the impetus to electrolytically reduce these bicarbonate-rich carbon capture solutions into the same products as a CO2 electrolyzer. We report here an electrolyzer configuration that couples the conversion of bicarbonate to CO at the cathode with hydrogen oxidation at an anode. This unique system is capable of reaching a commercially-relevant current density of 500 mA cm-2 at merely 2.2 V, which is >0.5 V more efficient than any other reported electrolyzer that reduces HCO3- or CO2 at these current densities.

scholarly journals Electrolytic Conversion of Bicarbonate Solutions to CO at >500 mA cm-2 and 2.2 V

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zishuai Zhang ◽  
Eric W. Lees ◽  
Shaoxuan Ren ◽  
Aoxue Huang ◽  
Curtis P. Berlinguette
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Bicarbonate Solutions ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Electrolyzers that reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) into chemicals and fuels often use high-purity gaseous CO2 feedstocks that need to be isolated from upstream carbon capture units. If CO2 were to be captured directly from air, the eluent is likely to be an aqueous solution rich in bicarbonate ions (HCO3-). This scenario provides the impetus to electrolytically reduce these bicarbonate-rich carbon capture solutions into the same products as a CO2 electrolyzer. We report here an electrolyzer configuration that couples the conversion of bicarbonate to CO at the cathode with hydrogen oxidation at an anode. This unique system is capable of reaching a commercially-relevant current density of 500 mA cm-2 at merely 2.2 V, which is >0.5 V more efficient than any other reported electrolyzer that reduces HCO3- or CO2 at these current densities.

A Laboratory Investigation of the Effect of Ethanol-Treated Carbon Dioxide Injection on Oil Recovery and Carbon Dioxide Storage

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Saira ◽  
Emmanuel Ajoma ◽  
Furqan Le-Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Co2 Injection ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Injection ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Experimental Runs

Summary Carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced oil recovery is the most economical technique for carbon capture, usage, and storage. In depleted reservoirs, full or near-miscibility of injected CO2 with oil is difficult to achieve, and immiscible CO2 injection leaves a large volume of oil behind and limits available pore volume (PV) for storing CO2. In this paper, we present an experimental study to delineate the effect of ethanol-treated CO2 injection on oil recovery, net CO2 stored, and amount of ethanol left in the reservoir. We inject CO2 and ethanol-treated CO2 into Bentheimer Sandstone cores representing reservoirs. The oil phase consists of a mixture of 0.65 hexane and 0.35 decane (C6-C10 mixture) by molar fraction in one set of experimental runs, and pure decane (C10) in the other set of experimental runs. All experimental runs are conducted at constant temperature 70°C and various pressures to exhibit immiscibility (9.0 MPa for the C6-C10 mixture and 9.6 MPa for pure C10) or near-miscibility (11.7 MPa for the C6-C10 mixture and 12.1 MPa for pure C10). Pressure differences across the core, oil recovery, and compositions and rates of the produced fluids are recorded during the experimental runs. Ultimate oil recovery under immiscibility is found to be 9 to 15% greater using ethanol-treated CO2 injection than that using pure CO2 injection. Net CO2 stored for pure C10 under immiscibility is found to be 0.134 PV greater during ethanol-treated CO2 injection than during pure CO2 injection. For the C6-C10 mixture under immiscibility, both ethanol-treated CO2 injection and CO2 injection yield the same net CO2 stored. However, for the C6-C10 mixture under near-miscibility,ethanol-treated CO2 injection is found to yield 0.161 PV less net CO2 stored than does pure CO2 injection. These results suggest potential improvement in oil recovery and net CO2 stored using ethanol-treated CO2 injection instead of pure CO2 injection. If economically viable, ethanol-treated CO2 injection could be used as a carbon capture, usage, and storage method in low-pressure reservoirs, for which pure CO2 injection would be infeasible.

scholarly journals Enabling Large-Scale Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (CCUS) Using Offshore Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Infrastructure Developments—A Review

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Ingolf Eide ◽  
Melissa Batum ◽  
Tim Dixon ◽  
Zabia Elamin ◽  
Arne Graue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Reservoir Performance ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Co2 Eor ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
And Storage

Presently, the only offshore project for enhanced oil recovery using carbon dioxide, known as CO2-EOR, is in Brazil. Several desk studies have been undertaken, without any projects being implemented. The objective of this review is to investigate barriers to the implementation of large-scale offshore CO2-EOR projects, to identify recent technology developments, and to suggest non-technological incentives that may enable implementation. We examine differences between onshore and offshore CO2-EOR, emerging technologies that could enable projects, as well as approaches and regulatory requirements that may help overcome barriers. Our review shows that there are few, if any, technical barriers to offshore CO2-EOR. However, there are many other barriers to the implementation of offshore CO2-EOR, including: High investment and operation costs, uncertainties about reservoir performance, limited access of CO2 supply, lack of business models, and uncertainties about regulations. This review describes recent technology developments that may remove such barriers and concludes with recommendations for overcoming non-technical barriers. The review is based on a report by the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF).

scholarly journals Climate benefits of proposed carbon dioxide mitigation strategies for international shipping and aviation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 14949-14965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine C. Ivanovich ◽  
Ilissa B. Ocko ◽  
Pedro Piris-Cabezas ◽  
Annie Petsonk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
International Shipping ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. While individual countries work to achieve and strengthen their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Agreement, the growing emissions from two economic sectors remain largely outside most countries' NDCs: international shipping and international aviation. Reducing emissions from these sectors is particularly challenging because the adoption of any policies and targets requires the agreement of a large number of countries. However, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) have recently announced strategies to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from their respective sectors. Here we provide information on the climate benefits of these proposed measures, along with related potential measures. Given that the global average temperature has already risen 1 ∘C above preindustrial levels, there is only 1.0 or 0.5 ∘C of additional “allowable warming” left to stabilize below the 2 or 1.5 ∘C thresholds, respectively. We find that if no actions are taken, CO2 emissions from international shipping and aviation may contribute roughly equally to an additional combined 0.12 ∘C to global temperature rise by end of century – which is 12 % and 24 % of the allowable warming we have left to stay below the 2 or 1.5 ∘C thresholds (1.0 and 0.5 ∘C), respectively. However, stringent mitigation measures may avoid over 85 % of this projected future warming from the CO2 emissions from each sector. Quantifying the climate benefits of proposed mitigation pathways is critical as international organizations work to develop and meet long-term targets.

Greener Solvent Selection and Solvent Recycling for Carbon Dioxide Capture

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hachem ◽  
J. Salazar ◽  
U. Dixekar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Solvent Selection ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
And Storage

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) constitutes an extremely important technology that is constantly being improved to minimize the amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering the atmosphere. According to the Global CCS Institute, there are more than 320 worldwide CCS projects at different phases of progress. However, current CCS processes are accompanied with a large energy and efficiency penalty. This paper models and simulates a post-combustion carbon capture system, that uses absorption as a method of separation, in Aspen Plus V7.2. Moreover, the CAPE-OPEN Simulated Annealing (SA) Capability is implemented to minimize the energy consumed by this system, and allow coal-fired power plants to use similar carbon capture systems without losing 20 to 40 % of the plant's output.

THE EVOLUTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE A.-C. ELECTROLYSIS OF SODIUM CARBONATE AND BICARBONATE SOLUTIONS, AND THE DISCHARGE POTENTIALS OF CARBONATE AND BICARBONATE IONS

1934 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-546
Author(s):  
J. W. Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
Platinum Electrodes ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Bicarbonate Ions ◽  
Carbonate Solutions ◽  
Bicarbonate Solutions ◽  
Discharge Potential

The a.-c. electrolysis of sodium carbonate solutions at voltages as high as 110, even when arcing occurs on the electrodes, does not cause the evolution of carbon dioxide. In the a.-c. electrolysis of aqueous bicarbonate solutions with platinum electrodes, hydrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide are evolved freely until all the bicarbonate has been transformed to carbonate, after which the evolution of carbon dioxide ceases and only hydrogen and oxygen are given off. In a.-c. electrolysis of sodium bicarbonate solutions and solutions of the sodium salts of aliphatic acids, a deposit of finely divided platinum is formed on the electrodes. This deposit inhibits the evolution of carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen, but does not affect the current flow. The decomposition potential of bicarbonate solutions in respect to the evolution of carbon dioxide on smooth platinum and with d.c. was found to be 2.2 volts, and of carbonate solutions, 3.5 volts. The anodic discharge potential of HCO3− is − 1.45 to − 1.50 volts, and of CO3−−, − 1.90 to − 1.95 volts. The evolution of carbon dioxide does not appear to cause any polarizing effect on the anode.

Vapour-Liquid Equilibrium Study for the Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Sulphide in Deionized Water and NaCl Aqueous Solution at Temperature from 373.15 to 423.15 K

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fakrumie Zaidin ◽  
Alain Valtz ◽  
Christophe Coquelet ◽  
Antonin Chapoy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Average Deviation ◽  
Equilibrium Study ◽  
Vle Data ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract New vapour liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) mixture in deionized water and NaCl aqueous solution are generated at temperature range from 373.15 to 423.15 K and pressure up to 25.0 MPa. A static-analytic type method, taking advantage of two magnetic capillary samplers for phase sampling is used for this VLE measurements. The VLE data generated in this work are compared against literature data, Duan model and the simplified cubic plus association (CPA-SRK72) Equation of State (EoS) model predictions. From the results, it is demonstrated that the CPA-SRK72 EoS model is able to predict the phase behaviour of CO2 and H2S in water and NaCl aqueous solutions with low absolute average deviation (AAD) against the measured experimental data.

Coupled Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Energy Production From Geopressured/Geothermal Aquifers

SPE Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ganjdanesh ◽  
Steven L. Bryant ◽  
Raymond L. Orbach ◽  
Gary A. Pope ◽  
Kamy Sepehrnoori
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
High Price ◽  
Geological Models ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Summary The current approach to carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) from pulverized-coal-fired power plants is not economically viable without either large subsidies or a very high price on carbon. Current schemes require roughly one-third of a power-plant's energy for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and pressurization. The production of energy from geopressured aquifers has evolved as a separate, independent technology from the sequestration of CO2 in deep, saline aquifers. A game-changing new idea is described here that combines the two technologies and adds another—the dissolution of CO2 into extracted brine that is then reinjected. A systematic investigation covering a range of conditions was performed to explore the best strategy for the coupled process of CO2 sequestration and energy production. Geological models of geopressured/geothermal aquifers were developed with available data from studies of Gulf Coast aquifers. These geological models were used to perform compositional reservoir simulations of realistic processes with coupled aquifer and wellbore models.

Behaviour of Releases of Carbon Dioxide From Pipelines and Vents

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Allason ◽  
Keith Armstrong ◽  
Julian Barnett ◽  
Phil Cleaver ◽  
Ann Halford
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

A large Research and Development programme has been executed by National Grid to determine the feasibility of transporting carbon dioxide (CO2) by pipeline. Such pipelines would be required to form a transportation system to take the CO2 from its place of capture at an emitter’s site to a place of safe storage within a Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) scheme. This programme received financial support from the European Union. As part of this programme, National Grid commissioned a series of experimental studies to investigate the behaviour of releases of CO2 mixtures in the gaseous and the liquid (or dense) phase. This has included simulating accidental releases in the form of punctures or ruptures of a buried pipeline and deliberate releases through different venting arrangements. This work is required, as CO2 has the potential to cause some harm to people if they are exposed to it for long enough at high concentrations. This paper gives an overview of the findings from this work and shows how the data has been used to help develop a number of the more pragmatic, predictive models for outflow and dispersion. This work complements the more theoretical studies carried out using state of the art advanced computational fluid dynamic models, employed by other UK based participants (University College London, University of Leeds, Kingston University and the University of Warwick) in the research programme.

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