scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic and the Debatable Use of Hydroxychloroquine

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. RV6-RV8
Author(s):  
Yashika Kaushal ◽  
Ratibha Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Safety Profile ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Essential Drug ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Good Safety Profile ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Healthcare professionals and scientists were not able to provide a good answer to the COVID-19 pandemic that shook the whole world. Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug with a good safety profile. It can be used in pediatric subjects as well as pregnant and breastfeeding women. Hydroxychloroquine is a widely used, essential drug in dermatology. It has got anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. It was globally prescribed to prevent and treat COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. The use of this drug in treating COVID-19 is debatable and for sure is not indicated in the labelling documents provided by the companies that manufacture this drug. The unnecessary use of this drug also led to short supply. We hereby review its properties, mechanism, safety profile and the issue COVID pandemic has caused to the supply of this drug.

scholarly journals Discovery of new non-acidic lonazolac analogues with COX-2 selectivity as potent anti-inflammatory agents

MedChemComm ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1775-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa F. Harras ◽  
Rehab Sabour ◽  
Omkulthom Mohamed Alkamali
Keyword(s):  
Safety Profile ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Good Safety Profile ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Novel non-acidic lonazolac analogues with high COX-2 selectivity and good safety profile, having potential anti-inflammatory activity.

Non-acidic 1,3,4-trisubstituted-pyrazole derivatives as lonazolac analogs with promising COX-2 selectivity, anti-inflammatory activity and gastric safety profile

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 568-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled R.A. Abdellatif ◽  
Wael A.A. Fadaly ◽  
Yaseen A.M.M. Elshaier ◽  
Waleed A.M. Ali ◽  
Gehan M. Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Safety Profile ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals BKCa channels regulate the immunomodulatory properties of WJ-MSCs by affecting the exosome protein profiles during the inflammatory response

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahui Song ◽  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Yan Tong ◽  
Junyan Fang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Protein Profiles ◽  
Bkca Channels ◽  
Wharton's Jelly ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) from the human umbilical cord have been studied extensively due to their immunomodulatory functions. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa channels) channels are involved in many inflammatory responses, but their involvement in the anti-inflammatory activity of WJ-MSCs is unknown. The underlying molecular mechanism, through which BKCa channels mediate the immunomodulation of WJ-MSC, which may include changes in exosomes proteomics, has not yet been clarified. Methods Alizarin staining, Oil Red O staining, and flow cytometry were used to identify WJ-MSCs, which were isolated from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly. BKCa channels were detected in WJ-MSCs using western blotting, real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), and electrophysiology, and cytokine expression was examined using real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Exosomes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Proteomics analysis was performed to explore exosomal proteomic profiles. Results The cells derived from human umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly were identified as MSCs. BKCa channels were detected in the isolated WJ-MSCs, and the expression of these channels increased after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. BKCa channels blockade in LPS-treated WJ-MSCs induced apoptosis and decreased interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression. Furthermore, THP-1 cells (human monocytic cell line) stimulated with LPS/interferon gamma (IFN-γ) produced more anti-inflammatory cytokines after treatment with exosomes derived from BKCa channel-knockdown WJ-MSCs (si-exo). We also observed altered expression of mitochondrial ATP synthase alpha subunit (ATP5A1), filamin B, and other proteins in si-exo, which might increase the anti-inflammatory activity of macrophages. Conclusions Our study described the functional expression of BKCa channels in WJ-MSCs, and BKCa channels regulated the immunomodulatory properties of WJ-MSCs by affecting the exosomal protein profiles during the inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Dual orexin receptor antagonist in treatment of insomnia

Engrami ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Nikola Trajanović
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
First Line ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Good Safety Profile ◽  
Circadian Rhythm Disorders

A novel group of medications, dual orexin receptor antagonists, emerged as a competent group that challenges current first-line hypnotics. They have relatively infrequent and mostly well-tolerated side effects, primarily in the form of residual somnolence, fatigue and nightmares/disturbing dreams. The advantage over conventional hypnotics stems from the specifics of their target receptors, which translates into lack of tolerance after long term use and good safety profile. They are particularly favoured in some specific populations, including the elderly. Ongoing and future studies are set to explore their effect on selected conditions, such as addiction and psychiatric disorders, dementias, perimenopausal condition and circadian rhythm disorders, to name a few.

scholarly journals The results of an Open, Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to Assess the Reactogenicity, Safety and Immunogenicity of the Vaccine EntseVir in Children Aged 3 to 17 Years

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
S. M. Kharit ◽  
A. A. Ruleva ◽  
I. V. Fridman ◽  
E. P. Nacharova ◽  
L. A. Alekseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Childhood Infections ◽  
Good Safety Profile ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Local Reactions

In 2011 - 2012 years in the Institute of childhood infections followed by an open comparative randomized study of tick-borne encephalitis vaccine EntseVir («Microgen») at a dose of 0.25 ml of the two schemes, planned and emergency in children aged 3 - 17 years. As a reference drug used vaccine FSME-Immun junior production (Baxter, AG, Austria). The results of clinical studies have shown that Entsevir at a dose of 0.25 ml has a good safety profile, low reactogenicity. Mostly recorded transient local reactions such as pain at the injection site weak degree. Severe reactions and post-vaccination complications were absent. EntseVir has no immunosuppressive, immunopathological action, highly immunogenic and can be recommended for mass prophylaxis tick-borne encephalitis in children 3 - 17 years on two schemes of vaccination (planned with an interval of 60 days and emergency with an interval of 14 days).

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of Dietary Flavonoids

2014 ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier González-Gallego ◽  
Maria Victoria García-Mediavilla ◽  
Sonia Sánchez-Campos ◽  
María J. Tuñón
Keyword(s):  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dietary Flavonoids

The Immunomodulatory Properties of Propyl-Propane Thiosulfonate Contribute to its Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Experimental Colitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1800653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Vezza ◽  
Francesca Algieri ◽  
José Garrido-Mesa ◽  
María Pilar Utrilla ◽  
María Elena Rodríguez-Cabezas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

scholarly journals COVID-19 and therapy with essential oils having antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1153-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Mohammad Saleem ◽  
Malik Saadullah ◽  
Hafiza Sidra Yaseen ◽  
Raghdaa Al Zarzour
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals What healthcare professionals owe us: why their duty to treat during a pandemic is contingent on personal protective equipment (PPE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 432-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udo Schuklenk
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Universal Precautions ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Global North ◽  
Allocation Decisions

Healthcare professionals’ capacity to protect themselves, while caring for infected patients during an infectious disease pandemic, depends on their ability to practise universal precautions. In turn, universal precautions rely on the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE). During the SARS-CoV2 outbreak many healthcare workers across the globe have been reluctant to provide patient care because crucial PPE components are in short supply. The lack of such equipment during the pandemic was not a result of careful resource allocation decisions in the global north, where the short supply could be explained through their high cost. Instead, they were the result of democratically elected governments prioritising low tax regimes over an adequate resourcing of their healthcare delivery systems. Such decisions were made despite global health experts warning about the high probability of pandemics like SARS-CoV2 occurring during our lifetimes. Avoidable allocation decisions by democratically elected political leaders resulted in a lack of sufficient PPE for healthcare professionals. After discussing and discounting various ethical arguments in support of a professional obligation to treat, even without or with suboptimal PPE, I conclude that these policy decisions were sufficiently grave that they provide a sound ethical rationale to justify healthcare workers’ refusal to provide care to infected patients.

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