scholarly journals Gymnemic acid, a potent antidiabetic agent protects skeletal muscle from hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and apoptotic events in High fat and High fructose diet fed adult rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1526-1538
Author(s):  
Porkodi Karthikeyan ◽  
Lakshmi Narasimhan Chakrapani ◽  
Thangarajeswari Mohan ◽  
Bhavani Tamilarasan ◽  
Pughazhendi Kannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gymnemic Acid ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Type 2 diabetes is delineated by impaired metabolic flexibility, and intramyocellular lipid accumulation, causing insulin resistance, particularly in skeletal muscle by reducing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. High-fat diet and high fructose (HFD and HF) administration in rodents bestows a model for hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and Type 2 diabetes. The current study is focused on elucidating the role of Gymnemic acid in combating hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and apoptotic events in the skeletal muscle of HFD and HF induced Type 2 diabetes in Wistar albino rats by boosting antioxidant defense system. Gymnemic acid, a saponin of triterpene glycoside contained in leaves of Gymnema Sylvestre, has potent anti-diabetic properties. Treatment with Gymnemic acid restored the antioxidant status (Gpx, SOD, CAT, GR, Vit C & Vit E) with significant (p<0.05) decrease in free radical levels and reinvigorated the expression of apoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins in Type 2 diabetic rats. Histopathological data demonstrate that oral administration of Gymnemic acid protects skeletal muscle fibers from an oxidative niche in HFD and HF in Type 2 diabetic rats. In accordance with this, Gymnemic acid might be regarded as a promising therapeutic agent against Type 2 diabetes, thereby restoring skeletal muscle integrity and function.

scholarly journals Protective effect of crocin and voluntary exercise against oxidative stress in the heart of high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Ghorbanzadeh ◽  
M Mohammadi ◽  
G Mohaddes ◽  
H Dariushnejad ◽  
L Chodari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of type 2 diabetes and diabetic-associated cardiovascular complications. This study investigated the impact of crocin combined with voluntary exercise on heart oxidative stress indicator in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and methods Rats were divided into four groups: diabetes, diabetic-crocin, diabetic-voluntary exercise, diabetic-crocin-voluntary exercise. Type 2 diabetes was induced by high-fat diet (4 weeks) and injection of streptozotocin (intraperitoneally, 35 mg/kg). Animals received crocin orally (50 mg/kg); voluntary exercise was performed alone or combined with crocin treatment for 8 weeks. Finally, malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were measured spectrophotometrically. Results Treatment of diabetic rats with crocin and exercise significantly decreased the levels of MDA (p < 0.001) and increased the activity of SOD, GPx, and CAT compared with the untreated diabetic group. In addition, combination of exercise and crocin amplified their effect on antioxidant levels in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. Conclusion We suggest that a combination of crocin with voluntary exercise treatment may cause more beneficial effects in antioxidant defense system of heart tissues than the use of crocin or voluntary exercise alone.

scholarly journals Effect of polyherbal drug on oxidative stress and insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetic rats

All Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 310-320
Author(s):  
Rahul Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Nandhakumar Elumalai ◽  
Renuka Alagirisamy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCDC17 ameliorates type-2 diabetes by improving gut function, oxidative stress and inflammation in high-fat-diet fed and streptozotocintreated rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
R.K. Sharma ◽  
S. Malhotra ◽  
R. Pothuraju ◽  
U.K. Shandilya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Epididymal Fat

Restoration of dysbiosed gut microbiota through probiotic may have profound effect on type 2 diabetes. In the present study, rats were fed high fat diet (HFD) for 3 weeks and injected with low dose streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes. Diabetic rats were then fed Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCDC 17 and L. rhamnosus GG with HFD for six weeks. L. rhamnosus NCDC 17 improved oral glucose tolerance test, biochemical parameters (fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin, glycosylated haemoglobin, free fatty acids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in blood and liver), bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in cecum, expression of glucagon like peptide-1 producing genes in cecum, and adiponection in epididymal fat, while decreased propionate proportions (%) in caecum, and expression of tumour necrosis factor-α and interlukin-6 in epididymal fat of diabetic rats as compared to diabetes control group. These findings offered a base for the use of L. rhamnosus NCDC 17 for the improvement and early treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Beta-sitosterol attenuates insulin resistance in adipose tissue via IRS-1/Akt mediated insulin signaling in high fat diet and sucrose induced type-2 diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 173004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamaladevi Babu ◽  
Madhan Krishnan ◽  
Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal ◽  
Vijayalakshmi Periyasamy ◽  
Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of dietary restriction in type 2 diabetic rats: the role of adipokines on inflammation and insulin resistance

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Crisóstomo ◽  
Lisa Rodrigues ◽  
Paulo Matafome ◽  
Carmen Amaral ◽  
Elsa Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Inflammation plays an important role in diabetes mellitus and its complications. In this context, the negative cross-talk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle leads to disturbances in muscle cell insulin signalling and induces insulin resistance. Because several studies have shown that energy restriction brings some benefits to diabetes, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary restriction on systemic and skeletal muscle inflammatory biomarkers, such C-reactive protein, adipokines and cytokines, and in insulin resistance in Goto-Kakizaki rats. This is an animal model of spontaneous non-obese type 2 diabetes with strongly insulin resistance and without dyslipidaemia. Animals were maintained during 2 months of dietary restriction (50 %) and were killed at 6 months of age. Some biochemical determinations were done using ELISA and Western blot. Data from the present study demonstrate that in Goto-Kakizaki rats the dietary restriction improved insulin resistance, NEFA levels and adipokine profile and ameliorated inflammatory cytokines in skeletal muscle. These results indicate that dietary restriction in type 2 diabetes enhances adipose tissue metabolism leading to an improved skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity.

scholarly journals Effects of Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction on Tyrosine Phosphorylation of IRS-1 in Skeletal Muscle of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ya Wang ◽  
Xiaojin La ◽  
Chunyu Tian ◽  
Yushan Dong ◽  
Feng Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Insulin Resistance Index ◽  
Peptide Level ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction on tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. The rat model of type 2 diabetes was induced by high-fat diet and multiple low-dose streptozotocin injections. Diabetic model rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the model control group, the metformin group, and Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction groups of low, medium, and high doses. OGTT was conducted every two weeks during treatment period. At the end of the treatment, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and the fasting C-peptide level were measured to calculate insulin resistance index. The levels of IRS-1, p-IRS-1Tyr895, and protein tyrosine phosphates 1B (PTP1B) in skeletal muscle were also measured. Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction significantly reduced the FBG level, increased the fasting C-peptide level, and lowered the insulin resistance index in type 2 diabetic rats. It also significantly increased the protein level of p-IRS-1Tyr895 and reduced the PTP1B protein level in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction increases tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats, which results from the increase of p-IRS-1Tyr895 protein and is related to the suppression of PTP1B protein.

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