Infusion of adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibits skeletal muscle mitsugumin 53 elevation and thereby alleviates insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats

Type 2 diabetes is delineated by impaired metabolic flexibility, and intramyocellular lipid accumulation, causing insulin resistance, particularly in skeletal muscle by reducing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. High-fat diet and high fructose (HFD and HF) administration in rodents bestows a model for hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and Type 2 diabetes. The current study is focused on elucidating the role of Gymnemic acid in combating hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress and apoptotic events in the skeletal muscle of HFD and HF induced Type 2 diabetes in Wistar albino rats by boosting antioxidant defense system. Gymnemic acid, a saponin of triterpene glycoside contained in leaves of Gymnema Sylvestre, has potent anti-diabetic properties. Treatment with Gymnemic acid restored the antioxidant status (Gpx, SOD, CAT, GR, Vit C & Vit E) with significant (p<0.05) decrease in free radical levels and reinvigorated the expression of apoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins in Type 2 diabetic rats. Histopathological data demonstrate that oral administration of Gymnemic acid protects skeletal muscle fibers from an oxidative niche in HFD and HF in Type 2 diabetic rats. In accordance with this, Gymnemic acid might be regarded as a promising therapeutic agent against Type 2 diabetes, thereby restoring skeletal muscle integrity and function.

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Infusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorates Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetic Rats: Identification of a Novel Role in Improving Insulin Sensitivity

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db11-1141 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 61 (6) ◽

pp. 1616-1625 ◽

Cited By ~ 125

Author(s):

Y. Si ◽

Y. Zhao ◽

H. Hao ◽

J. Liu ◽

Y. Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Effects of Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction on Tyrosine Phosphorylation of IRS-1 in Skeletal Muscle of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/7092140 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ya Wang ◽

Xiaojin La ◽

Chunyu Tian ◽

Yushan Dong ◽

Feng Qi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

C Peptide ◽

Insulin Resistance Index ◽

Peptide Level ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction on tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. The rat model of type 2 diabetes was induced by high-fat diet and multiple low-dose streptozotocin injections. Diabetic model rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the model control group, the metformin group, and Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction groups of low, medium, and high doses. OGTT was conducted every two weeks during treatment period. At the end of the treatment, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level and the fasting C-peptide level were measured to calculate insulin resistance index. The levels of IRS-1, p-IRS-1Tyr895, and protein tyrosine phosphates 1B (PTP1B) in skeletal muscle were also measured. Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction significantly reduced the FBG level, increased the fasting C-peptide level, and lowered the insulin resistance index in type 2 diabetic rats. It also significantly increased the protein level of p-IRS-1Tyr895 and reduced the PTP1B protein level in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. Modified Sanzi Yangqin Decoction increases tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats, which results from the increase of p-IRS-1Tyr895 protein and is related to the suppression of PTP1B protein.

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