Pharmacognostical studies on leaves of Mussaenda frondosa Linn.

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2139-2146
Author(s):  
Shanthi S
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The Mussaenda frondosa Linn. belonging to the family Rubiaceae, commonly known as Sriparnah in Sanskrit, is a scandent shrub traditionally used in the treatment of cough, bronchitis, fever, inflammation, wounds, ulcers, jaundice, leucoderma and pruritus. Though it is an important plant, till date, no pharmacognostical reports have been available on its leaf. Therefore, the present investigation was undertaken to ascertain the requisite pharmacognostical standards for the standardization of the Mussaenda frondosa leaves. Various investigations like Pharmacognostical studies, preliminary phytochemical screening and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) analysis were carried out, and the salient qualitative parameters were reported. Microscopical evaluation of the leaf revealed the presence of paracytic stomata, microcrystal’s, Idioblast, collenchymas, sand crystals and unicellular unbranched covering Trichomes. The presence of flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, mucilage, saponins and proteins were confirmed through Preliminary phytochemical studies. The HPTLC profile of ethanol extract from M. frondosa L. revealed ten phytoconstituents of Rf value ranging from 0.11 to 0.88. The significant peaks are observed at Rf  values of  0.11, 0.16,  0.23 and 0.81. These findings provide referential information for correct identification and standardization of the Musssaenda frondosa leaves, even in powder form. This information will also be useful to distinguish Mussaenda frondosa from the closely related other species of Mussaenda. The Pharmacognostic and phytochemical profiles reported in this research work for Mussaenda frondosa may play a major role in setting monograph of the plant, which might be helpful in proper identification of the plant. 

FINGER PRINTING ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOLS FROM HOLOPTELEA INTEGRIFOLIA (ROXB.) PLANT LEAVES USING HPTLC

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (09) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
R. C. Sutar ◽  
◽  
D. S Musmade
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Finger Printing ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

The present study was conducted to identify the phenols from methanol extracts (MHI) of medicinally and economically useful leaves of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) plant using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPLC) technique. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done and HPTLC studies were carried out on CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat V applicator (Switzerland). Densitometric scanning was performed with Camag TLC scanner IV in the reflectance absorbance mode at 540 nm and operated by Win CATS software (1.4.6 Camag) with the help of tungsten lamp. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extract of Holoptelea integrifolia showed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, phenols and carbohydrates. HPT LC finger printing of phenols of methanolic extract of leaf revealed seven polyvalent phytoconstituents (7 peaks) and corresponding ascending order of Rf values in the range of 0.15 to 0.75. From the results of preliminary phytochemical analysis and above Rf values, we have concluded the presence of phenols in methanol extracts.

FINGER PRINTING ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOLS FROM PERGULARIA DAEMIA FORSK PLANT LEAVES AND STEM USING HPTLC

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (04) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
N G Sutar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Finger Printing ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Tungsten Lamp

The research study was carried out to identify the phenols from methanol extracts (MPD) of medicinally and efficiently useful leaves and stem of Pergularia daemia (Forsk) plant using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) technique. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done and HPTLC studies were carried out. Densitometry scanning was performed in the reflectance absorbance mode at 540 nm and operated by Win CATS software with the help of tungsten lamp. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanol extract of P. daemia shows the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols and carbohydrates. HPTLC finger printing of phenols of methanolic extract of leaf and stem revealed eleven polyvalent phytoconstituents (13 and 10 peaks) and corresponding ascending order of Rf values in the range from 0.08 to 0.65 in leaf and 0.02 to 0.66 in the stem. From the result of preliminary phytochemical analysis and above Rf values from HPTLC, we have concluded the presence of phenols in methanol extracts.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF CALAMUS ROTANG LINN LEAF EXTRACTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Pallavi Y ◽  
Hemalatha Kpj
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

 Objective: The present study was aimed at phytochemical screening, quantification, and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of hexane, chloroform and ethanol leaf extracts of Calamus rotang.Methods: Leaf extracts were prepared according to the polarity of the solvents, i.e., hexane, chloroform, and ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening involved the qualitative methods to detect the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, etc. Quantitative estimation of alkaloids using boldine as standard, phenols using gallic acid as standard, and flavonoids using quercetin as standard were done. HPTLC analysis was done with all three extracts along with quercetin and rutin standards using mobile phase for flavonoids, i.e., 90:10 ratio of chloroform and methanol solvents.Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc. Hence, quantification was done for these phytochemicals. Alkaloids were present significantly more in hexane leaf extract, i.e., 2.54±0.216mg boldine equivalents/g. Phenols were present significantly more in ethanolic leaf extract, i.e., 49.04±0.364 mg gallic acid equivalents)/g. Flavonoids were present in significant amount in ethanolic leaf extract, i.e., 458.85±5.74 mg quercetin equivalents/g. HPTLC analysis of hexane, chloroform, and ethanolic extracts showed the presence of flavonoids such as quercetin, rutin, and some unknown flavonoid compounds.Conclusion: Ethanolic leaf extract showed a high amount of phenols and flavonoids. Hence, the extract can be further exploited further for in vitro and in vivo research work.

Identification of Ethyl Para-Methoxycinnamate and Kaempferol in the Ethanol Extract of Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome as Biomaterial for Drug Candidate Using Spectrophotometric and Chromatographic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1028 ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
Indah Suasani Wahyuni ◽  
Irna Sufiawati ◽  
Wipawee Nittayananta ◽  
Jutti Levita
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Kaempferia galanga L. rhizome (KGR) has been used empirically in Asian countries, particularly Indonesia, to treat inflammation. Ethyl para-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) and kaempferol, two phytochemicals contained in KGR, are scientifically proven in playing a role as anti-inflammatory agents. Several studies have explored the pharmacology activities of EPMC and kaempferol, thus a further exploration of the physicochemical properties of the ethanol extract of KGR (EEKGR) is needed. This study aims to confirm the presence of EPMC and kaempferol in EEKGR using spectrophotometric and chromatographic analysis. The KGR was purchased from Buniayu Plantation in Subang, West Java, Indonesia and was identified at Herbarium Bandungense, School of Natural Science and Technology (SITH), Bandung, Indonesia. EEKGR was prepared by cold extraction technique 3x24 hours using 70% ethanol, then was rotary-evaporated to a viscous consistency. The yield of the extract produced was 14.55% w/w (72.7935 g viscous extract from 500 g dried powder of rhizome), with a water content of 4.37% (thermogravimetry method). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenolics and flavonoids. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) indicated that EPMC might be present in the EEKGR (Rf = 0.92 compared to that of standard EPMC = 0.92), and kaempferol (Rf = 0.26 compared to that of standard kaempferol = 0.25). The spectrophotometric analysis of EEKGR confirmed the presence of benzoyl and cinnamoyl bands, which positively belongs to flavonoid (UV spectrum = 200-400 nm). The High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis of EEKGR proved chromatogram peak at 7.2 min which is similar with the standard EPMC (detection was set at 308 nm), however, no chromatogram peak of kaempferol at 4.0 min was observed. Generally, these spectrophotometric and chromatographic analysis results proved that EPMC is present in fair amount in the EEKGR therefore, this extract is interesting to be developed as a biomaterial for drug candidate, particularly to treat inflammation.

scholarly journals HPTLC analysis of berberine in stem extracts of Fibraurea darshani

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 2021
Author(s):  
Sheema Dharmapal ◽  
Bindu T.K. ◽  
Elyas K.K.
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Uv Reflectance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The present study is a first report on the phytochemical analysis of the plant Fibraurea darshani which is endemic to Western Ghats. The plant is a woody dioecious climber belonging to the family Menispermaceae. Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanolic extracts of the stem of F. darshani revealed the presence of secondary metabolites like alkaloids, carbohydrates, anthraquiones, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, sterols etc. A simple and reproducible high performance thin layer chromatography was developed to evaluate the presence of berberine in methanol extract of stem of F. darshani. This method involves separation of compounds by HPTLC on pre-coated silica gel 60F 254 plates with a solvent system of Chloroform: Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Formic acid (4:5:4:0.3) and scanned using densitometric scanner in UV reflectance photo mode at 254 and 366nm. The Rf values (0.97) for berberine in the plant sample and the reference standard were found comparable under UV light at 366nm. The HPTLC method developed was simple, accurate and specific.

scholarly journals HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY FINGERPRINT PROFILE OF BAUHINIA TOMENTOSA LINN. LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Balabhaskar R ◽  
Vijayalakshmi K
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Chromatographic Fingerprint ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography

 Objective: Chromatographic fingerprint is an effective method for doing the fingerprinting of a plant species. In this study, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis of Bauhinia tomentosa was done in n-hexane, chloroform, and ethanol extracts.Methods: The extract of leaves was developed using toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid:glacial acetic acid (7:3:0.1:0.1) for n-hexane, toluene:ethyl acetate:formic acid (6:2:0.5) for chloroform, and chloroform:methanol:formic acid (8:1.5:0.2) for ethanol extract as mobile phase using standard procedures and scanned under ultraviolet at 254 nm, 366 nm, and 520 nm.Results: The HPTLC fingerprinting results showed several peaks with different Rf values. The HPTLC fingerprinting of n-hexane extract at 266 nm showed 15 peaks. The HPTLC fingerprinting of chloroform extract at 520 nm showed 22 peaks. The HPTLC fingerprinting of the ethanol extract at 366 nm showed 13 peaks.Conclusion: These fingerprinting results will be helpful in the identification and authentication of the species and also to identify new bioactive components in this medicinal plant.

DEVELOPMENT OF HPTLC METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF ONDANSETRON AND RANITIDINE IN COMBINED DOSAGE FORM

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
P. J. Patel ◽  
◽  
D. A Shah ◽  
F. A. Mehta ◽  
U. K. Chhalotiya
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method

A simple, sensitive and precise high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC)method has been developed for the estimation of ondansetron (OND) and ranitidine (RAN) in combination. The method was employed on thin layer chromatography (TLC) and aluminium plates were precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase, while the solvent system was methanol. The Rf values were observed to be 0.5 ± 0.02, and 0.3 ± 0.02 for OND and RAN, respectively. The separated spots were densitometrically analyzed in absorbance mode at 299 nm. This method was linear in the range of 25-300 ng/band for OND and 50-600 ng/band for RAN. The limits of detection for OND and RAN were found to be 3.47 and 1.83 ng/band, respectively. The limits of quantification for OND and RAN were found to be 10.53 and 5.55 ng/band, respectively. The proposed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The method was successfully applied to the estimation of OND and RAN in combined dosage form.

scholarly journals High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Fingerprinting Analysis of Piper betle L. Leaves

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Ramdas N. Kale ◽  
Ravindra Y. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Introduction: Many modern medicines used today based on plants and plant products. Piper betle is generally known as the betle vine, it is an important medicinal and recreational plant. High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) is an advanced powerful analytical method with more separation power, high performance and superior reproducibility than classic thin layer chromatography (TLC). A chromatographic fingerprint of a plant extract is a chromatographic pattern of some common chemical constituents of pharmacologically active and/or chemical characteristics. Chromatographic fingerprints are useful in authentication and identification of plant. Objectives:  Objectives of present research was to establish HPTLC fingerprinting of methanolic extract of Piper betle L. leaves. Materials and Methods: Methanolic extract of Piper betle leaves was prepared using soxhlet apparatus. HPTLC studies were performed using a CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with automatic TLC sampler-4 (ATS 4), TLC scanner 4, and vision CATS 3.0 software. Results: The study revealed the presence of alkaloids with Rf value 0.65, flavonoids with Rf values 0.19, 0.29, 0.72, 0.95., and phenolic compound with Rf value 0.7. Conclusion: The HPTLC fingerprinting profile developed for the methanolic extract of Piper betle L. leaves will help in proper identification of the plant.Piper betle

scholarly journals Profile of Thin-Layer Chromatography and UV-Vis Spectrophotometry of Akar Kuning Stem Extract (Arcangelisia flava)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rizki Fadhil Pratama ◽  
Suratno Suratno ◽  
Evi Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Retention Factor ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

This study aims to obtain the profile of Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry from ethanol extract of akar kuning stems (Arcangelisia flava) from Central Kalimantan. The TLC method is used with the orientation phase of the combination of polar-non-polar solvents resulting from orientation, while ethanol is used as the solvent for UV-Vis spectrophotometers. TLC results showed the formation of 3 stains on a combination of polar solvents chloroform : methanol : water while in a non-polar solvent combination n-hexane : ethyl acetate did not show any stains. Comparison of retention factor (Rf) values show the best combination of polar solvents to separate stains at a ratio of 5 : 2 : 1, respectively. Separation in 2-dimensional TLC with polar solvents showed a similar pattern with 1-dimensional separation in the form of 3 stains. UV-Vis spectrophotometer results showed 4 main peaks with wavelength 227.2; 267.4; 345.2; and 425.3 nm, respectively. The profile of the peak formed is very similar to that shown by berberine, one of the main metabolites of akar kuning. TLC and UV-Vis spectrophotometers profiles obtained are expected to support further research using akar kuning stems, especially those from Central Kalimantan.

scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTIC SCREENING STUDIES OF JUSTICIA GENDARUSSA BURM. LEAVES FOUND IN DEHRADUN DISTRICT OF UTTARAKHAND

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nondita Prasad ◽  
Balbir Singh ◽  
Diksha Puri
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

  Objective: Justicia gendarussa Burm. (family Acanthaceae) commonly known as nilinirgundi, is found in Southern India possesses multifarious biological activities due to large range of phytoconstituents. The present study is designed to evaluate the various pharmacognostic parameters of the leaves of J. gendarussa, found in Dehradun district of Uttarakhand for its authentication.Methods: Fresh leaves were taken for the morphological and microscopical (histology and powder) evaluation. Physicochemical parameters (ash values, extractives values, florescence analysis, microbial contamination, and loss on drying) were also performed. Phytochemical screening and thin-layer chromatographic fingerprinting of extracts were also performed to check the presence of various phytoconstituents.Results: The microscopy of the leaves evinced the presence of anisocytic stomata, cuboidal calcium oxalate crystals, cystoliths, multicellular covering trichomes, starch grains and oil globules. The quantitative estimation of total ash, acid insoluble, and water soluble ash values were 13.8%, 1.2%, and 4.5% w/w, respectively. The alcohol soluble and water soluble extractives were estimated as 11.45% and 15.67% w/w, respectively. Foreign organic matter and loss on drying values obtained were 0.23% and 11.2% w/w. Phytochemical screening of petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts ascertained the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids and triterpenoids. The thin-layer chromatography (TLC) profiling of different extracts revealed the presence of potential compounds which can be further isolated with the help of high-performance liquid chromatography or high-performance TLC.Conclusion: The results of this study provide suitable standards for the authentication of this plant. In the present study, there are certain variations observed from the evaluations done on the same species by other research groups. The probable reason suggested for such disparity is due to the environmental and geographical differences in the locations of the plant collected.

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