scholarly journals Technologies of dynamic access and shared use of the radioelectric spectrum

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Gerardo Martínez Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Engineering And Technology

Purpose – The quest to reduce the digital divide and increasing the traffic capacity of mobile networks to meet the demand for future connectivity led the Federal Institute of Telecommunications (IFT), through the Directorate of Engineering and Technology. Methodology – Analysis of the state of the art of the technologies of dynamic access and shared use of the radioelectric spectrum (TADUCE) in order to identify those that are susceptible to adoption in Mexico. The technologies analyzed in the research are those based on LTE (Long Term Evolution) that operate in frequency bands of free use, emerging technologies based on MIMO, Cognitive Radio (RC), Device-to-Device (D2D) and TV White Spaces (TVWS) communications. Findings – The DIT establishes different recommendations that the IFT must consider in order for these technologies to be optimally implemented in the country.

scholarly journals "A survey on the most important internet of things technologies "

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Gesoon j.k Al-Abass ◽  
Huda R. ALkifaey
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Network Layers ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Domain Importance ◽  
The World

"Internet of things (IoT) domain targets human with smart resolutions through the connection of “M2M” in all over the world, effectively. It was difficult to ignore domain importance field of IoT with the new deployment of applications such as smartphone in recent days. The most important layer in architecture of IoT is network layer, because of various systems (perform of cloud computing, switching, hub, gateway, so on), different technologies of connection (Long-Term Evolution (LTE), WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.) gathered in layer. Network layers should transfer the information from or to various applications/objects, via gateways/interfaces between networks that are heterogeneous, therefore utilizing different connection technologies, protocols. Recent work highlighted IoT technologies state-of-the-art utilized in architectures of IoT, some variations among them in addition to the applications of them in life."

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Based LTE MIMO Antenna for 5th Generation Mobile Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Dr. Abul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output

Artificial intelligence based long term evolution multi in multi output antenna supporting the fifth generation mobile networks is put forth in the paper. The mechanism laid out in paper is devised using the monopole-antenna integrated with the switchable pattern. The long term evolution based multiple input and multiple output antenna is equipped with four antennas and capable of providing a four concurrent data streams quadrupling the theoretical maximum speed of data transfer allowing the base station to convey four diverse signals through four diverse transmit antennas for a single user equipment. The utilization of the long term evolution multiple input multiple output is capable of utilizing the multi-trial broadcasting to offer betterments in the signal performance as well as throughput and spectral efficiency when used along the fifth generation mobile networks. So the paper proposes the artificial intelligence based long term evolution multiple input multiple output four transmit antenna with four diverse signal transmission capacity that is operating in the frequency of 3.501 Gigahertz frequency. The laid out design is evaluated using the Multi-input Multi output signal analyzer to acquire the capacity of the passive conveyance of the various antennas with the diverse combination of patterns. The outcomes observed enables the artificial intelligence antenna to identify the choicest antenna to be integrated in the diverse environments for improving the throughput, signal performance and the data conveyance speed.

scholarly journals An end-to-end covert channel via packet dropout for mobile networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 155014771877956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-an Tan ◽  
Xinting Xu ◽  
Chen Liang ◽  
Xiaosong Zhang ◽  
Quanxin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Video Stream ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Packet Dropout ◽  
Covert Channel ◽  
Timing Channels ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Packet Delays ◽  
End To End

Voice over Long-Term Evolution enables reliable transmission among enormous Internet of Things devices, by providing end-to-end quality of service for Internet protocol–based services such as audio, video, and multimedia messaging. The research of covert timing channels aims at transmitting covert message stealthily to the receiver using variations of timing behavior. Existing approaches mainly modulate the covert message into inter-packet delays of overt traffic, which are not suitable for Voice over Long-Term Evolution, since most of the inter-packet delays of Voice over Long-Term Evolution traffic are of regular distribution, and any modification on inter-packet delays is easy to be detected. To address the issue, in this work, we propose a novel covert timing channel for the video stream in Voice over Long-Term Evolution, which modulates the covert message by deliberately dropping out video packets. Based on the two-dimensional mapping matrix, the blocks of covert message are mapped into dropout-packet sequence numbers. To recover the covert message, the receiver retrieves the sequence numbers of lost packets and identifies them to be translated into blocks of the covert message. To evaluate our scheme, the simulations with different packet loss rates are conducted to validate the undetectability, throughput, and robustness, finally, the results show that this scheme is effective and reliable.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable 3-D Slot Antenna Design for 4G and Sub-6G Smartphones with Metallic Casing

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yang
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Antenna Design ◽  
Slot Antenna ◽  
Pin Diodes ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Term Evolution

The design of a reconfigurable three-dimensional (3-D) slot antenna for 4G and sub-6G smartphone application is presented in this paper. The antenna is located at the bottom of the smartphone and integrated with a metallic casing. Positive-Intrinsic-Negative (PIN) diodes are loaded at the dual-open slot and the folded U-shaped slot, respectively, which are used to realize four working states. The antenna has a compact volume of 42 × 6 × 6 mm3, which can cover the long term evolution (LTE) bands of 698–960 MHz and 1710–2690 MHz, and the sub-6G bands of 3300–3600 MHz & 4800–5000 MHz. The design processes are presented and the structure is optimized, fabricated and measured. The comparison to other state-of-the-art antennas shows that the proposed design has multiband characteristics with small size.

Link-Level Simulator for Wireless local Area Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Chaithra. H. U ◽  
Vani H.R
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area Networks ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Wireless Local Area Networks ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Term Evolution

Now a days in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) used in different fields because its well-suited simulator and higher flexibility. The concept of WLAN  with  advanced 5th Generation technologies, related to a Internet-of-Thing (IOT). In this project, representing the Network Simulator (NS-2) used linked-level simulators for Wireless Local Area Networks and still utilized IEEE 802.11g/n/ac with advanced IEEE 802.11ah/af technology. Realization of the whole Wireless Local Area Networking linked-level simulators inspired by the recognized Vienna Long Term Evolution- simulators. As a outcome, this is achieved to link together that simulator to detailed performances of Wireless Local Area Networking with Long Term Evolution, operated in the similar RF bands. From the advanced 5th Generation support cellular networking, such explore is main because different coexistences scenario can arise linking wireless communicating system to the ISM and UHF bands.

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