scholarly journals The Clean development mechanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-112
Author(s):  
Yusuf Muchelulea ◽  
Kevin Mulama
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
If Current ◽  
Development Mechanism

The Clean development mechanism (CDM) is a new tool for promoting sustainable development in developing countries. It was established by the Kyoto Protocol under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It promises developed countries certified emission reductions (CERs) if they comply with their quantified emission targets and developing countries sustainable development benefits if they participate and invest in clean renewable technologies. Energy development through investments in clean technology transfer can contribute to sustainable development. However, sustainable development will only be achieved if current barriers and gaps facing CDM project implementation in Kenya are mitigated or removed altogether paving way for the development of more CDM projects in Kenya.

The Odd Couple: Uniting Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development under the Clean Development Mechanism

2015 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Condon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Development Mechanism

AbstractThis article assesses the effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in meeting its twin aims of emission reductions and sustainable development. To date, the CDM has failed to achieve these goals. This article argues that the CDM’s shortcomings are due to path dependence, with the CDM stuck at a suboptimal equilibrium of insufficient institutions, capital and leadership. A reform scheme involving foreign direct investment, foreign aid and CDM amendments is prescribed for pushing the CDM to a more efficient and prosperous path. A properly functioning CDM would afford both developed and developing countries the opportunity to secure a more sustainable economic and environmental future.

scholarly journals Study on Clean Development Mechanism, Quantitative and Sustainable Mechanism

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Donghai Yuan ◽  
Lipeng Zheng ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Xufeng Mao ◽  
Xueju Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Certified Emission Reduction ◽  
Development Mechanism

Aiming at the system and market problem of clean development mechanism (CDM), this study is carried out to establish the feasibility of certified emission reduction (CER) quantitative evaluation method and reserve mechanism in host country at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) level. After the introduction of CER quantitative and sustainable mechanism, the amount of CER that can enter the market was cut to a quarter, which reduces about 75% of the expected CER supply. Market CER from the technology types of higher CER market share and lower support for sustainable development appears to have different degrees of reduction. As for the technology types of lower CER market share and higher support for sustainable development, the amount of market CER is maintained in line with prevailing scenario, and market CER supply becomes more balanced.

The Twin Failures of the CDM: Recommendations for the "Copenhagen Protocol"

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie Kneteman ◽  
Andrew Green
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Effective Version

The Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was intended to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while facilitating sustainable development in developing countries. However, most CDM projects contribute little to sustainable development and are inequitably distributed. The 15th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which will take place in Copenhagen in December 2009, is an opportunity to create a more effective version of the CDM. This paper argues that the CDM should be modified to include formal sustainable development requirements and to extend eligibility to additional land use, land-use change and forestry projects. In particular, the CDM should include credit for deforestation prevention, provide more scope for afforestation and reforestation projects, and encourage further study of agricultural soil carbon sequestration.

scholarly journals An Assessment Of Clean Development Mechanism Project Contribution To Sustainable Development In Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendran Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism Project ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Economic Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Mechanism

A Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a market-based climate change instrument used to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. CDM’s have become popular in many developing countries, however given the materially skewed distribution of CDM projects in developing countries it not clear whether CDM projects contribute materially to environmental and economic sustainable development in developing countries. This study examines the effect of CDM on sustainable development in Nigeria by reviewing sample of working CDM projects in Nigeria against globally established sustainable development criteria. Possible amendments to CDM policy are then reviewed based on the findings made during the study. 

scholarly journals The Economic Drivers and Environmental Outcomes of the Clean Development Mechanism in Vietnam

2011 ◽  
pp. 121-141
Author(s):  
Leonard Smith ◽  
Paul Dargusch ◽  
Sebastian Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Development Mechanism

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is the principal source of carbon offsets in the global market, and is intended to be a key driver of sustainable development and technical transformation in developing countries. The distribution of CDM projects by country has been skewed, with over 75% of registered projects having taken place in just four countries, namely China, India, Brazil and Mexico. A change in this pattern of development may be occurring, however, as smaller developing countries become increasingly active in the carbon market. An example of this is the rapid rise in the number of CDM projects based in Vietnam since early 2009. This paper investigates factors contributing to the growth of CDM projects in Vietnam and describes some of the key features of the projects that have been developed. Hydropower projects are found to dominate new CDM project development in Vietnam. It is suggested that CDM project development in Vietnam may be a tool to support domestic energy security rather than being primarily driven by the intended climate change mitigation and sustainable development objectives of the CDM. It is also possible that Vietnam is emulating the development strategy of China, and may serve as a model for other members of the Least Developed Countries group. A country’s domestic policy choices are critical in determining its attractiveness as a host country for offset projects, and Vietnam’s policy strategies are successfully harnessing synergies between domestic agendas and regulated foreign markets.

Examining perspectives and dimensions of clean development mechanism

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravesh Aggarwal ◽  
Rupesh Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Development Mechanism

Purpose This paper aims to critically evaluate the working of the clean development mechanism (CDM) particularly in developing and least developed countries in the light of recent developments. Design/methodology/approach Part I of the paper delves upon various international rules governing the CDM. Part II of the paper draws out the rationale behind the introduction of the CDM under the Kyoto Protocol so as to provide a basis for its critical assessment in actual practice, as dealt with in Part III. Finally, the paper makes a concluding remark and suggests a way forward. Findings It is submitted that the CDM suffers from a gamut of concerns, which need to be adequately addressed. The business-centric approach followed by the investors of CDM projects has been a major reason behind denial of social, economic and environmental benefits pertinent for attaining sustainable development in the developing countries. The urge to derive economic benefits resulting from their investment has made the developing countries more competitive but turn a blind eye to reduced standards maintained for sustainable development. Besides, long-term benefits arising out of such projects, along with greater public participation of local stakeholders in CDM activities, have usually taken a backseat. A need is there to involve the CDM in the agricultural sector, which would have long-term benefits. Besides, it is required to enhance local stakeholder consultation, which ensures that people affected by a CDM project can give a timely, meaningful input to a proposed project. In the 80th meeting of the CDM Executive Board, held in Bonn, it was further decided that the complaints of the local stakeholders shall be given effect through subsequent changes in the project design of the CDM pipeline, along with their consultation before the real start of the project. Greater participation will also be ensured through increased publically available data on CDM projects. Originality/value The paper is original and brings out some valuable suggestions to improve the working of the CDM.

scholarly journals Road-rail intermodality and the Clean Development Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Galbieri ◽  
André Felipe Simões
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Cargo Transport ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Development Mechanism

The approval of methodologies involving the transportation sector confronts methodological concepts that hinder the eligibility of such projects as Clean Development Mechanism, mainly because it is a segment whose emissions come from mobile sources. The verification of additionality and monitoring of emissions, in principle, can be regarded as some of the key barriers to fit transportation sector projects into the CDM framework. This paper discusses these issues and examines, in particular, the road-rail intermodality. Since the partial replacement of cargo transport via trucks by wagon trains presents a great potential for mitigating emissions of greenhouse gases, this paper also analyzes the characteristics that a project involving road-rail intermodality must possess in order to be approved by the Executive Board of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. It also analyzes the main difficulties that such a project might face.

scholarly journals Production of Carbon Offsets Using Conservation Agriculture Practices

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Rochecouste ◽  
Paul Dargusch
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Carbon Offsets ◽  
The United Nations

This paper examines opportunities for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to consider financial mechanisms for the uptake of conservation agriculture (CA) practices in developing countries to reverse the loss of soil organic carbon. Conservation agriculture, commonly described as the reduction of tillage, maintaining soil cover and introducing crop rotations, is currently being promoted by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation as the most sustainable form of farming into the future. It was found that the increasing uptake of CA practices by developed countries improved soil organic carbon benefit and reduced energy inputs. Furthermore industrial agriculture has evolved a range of new technologies that can be adapted in developing countries to improve food security, increase environmental benefits and provide carbon offsets. This is in line with the climate change mitigation strategy of putting atmospheric carbon back in the soil to increase soil organic carbon. It is also noted that recognising conservation agriculture methodologies in carbon offset schemes would require the development of alternative economic instruments specifically to support small landholder changes in farming practices such as exist for hydrological and biodiversity ecosystem services schemes. Some of the constraints for small landowners providing agricultural carbon offsets are investment capital and an established trading mechanism that recognises the inherent issues of agriculture. Adaptation of conservation agricultural practices from industrialised agriculture to developing countries is examined along with current offset schemes being proposed in developed countries. A review of the literature examines Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) and suggests a number of methodologies for consideration as part of an offset market. It was found that the two main obstacles in market terms are the acceptance of a level of soil carbon sequestration that can be easily calculated and the degree of attached liability for farmers in selling the equivalent of a Certified Emission Reduction unit from a highly volatile system.

scholarly journals Investing in Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Projects in Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos Jacob Perera ◽  
Roberto Borges Kerr ◽  
Herbert Kimura ◽  
Fabiano Guasti Lima
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Future ◽  
Comprehensive Manner ◽  
Development Mechanism

The discussion about Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Projects has its roots in global warming and its consequences. CDM projects enable developed countries to offset the pollution generated by the acquisition of Certified Emission Reductions (CER), concerning the reduction of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions in developing countries. The article discusses the CDM in a comprehensive manner, based on the opinion of experts, and investigates the future of this market from 2012, the post-Kyoto period. The main results show that the CDM follows the principles of Sustainable Development, focusing on the climate changes and the profitability of projects. It shows that Brazil has real possibilities to act in the CER market which is expected to consolidate in the post-Kyoto. Controversial issues as the future of post-Kyoto, nuclear power and especially the conservation of forests, through the generation of CER, remain undefined.

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