scholarly journals PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY OF JAMES MILL (1773–1836) IN THE INTERPRETATION OF FEDOR ZELENOGORSKII (1839–1908)

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-98
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
Critical Interpretation ◽  
David Hartley ◽  
The University

In the article, a little-studied question of the critical interpretation of the philosophical and psychological position of the representative of Scotland tradition James Mill (1773–1836) in the university philosophy, especially in the work of Kharkiv Professor Fedor Zelenogorskii (1839–1908) is presented. At first, the main periods of scientific and creative career of Fedor Zelenogorskii, including his studying at the Kazan Clerical Academy (1862–1864) and the historical-philosophical faculty at the Kazan University (1864–1868) are considered. Then his scientific internship from 1871 till 1873 in Germany and Switzerland is emphasized. During that period, he attended lectures of such famous Professors as Moritz Drobisch (Leipzig), Eduard Zeller (Heidelberg), Friedrich Albert Lange (Zurich, and Marburg), who was the author of the work “Geschichte des Materialismus und Kritik seiner Bedeutung in der Gegenwart” (1866). Then the features of the teaching and the publications of Fedor Zelenogroskii in his “Kharkiv period” (1874–1908) are pointed out, during which he was, at first, private docent, then extraordinary and ordinary professor of philosophy. Fedor Zelenogorskii’s works at this time comprise three areas: 1) Antique philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Aristippus of Cyrene), 2) works in the history of philosophy, for instance, Kharkiv university philosophy and Ukrainian philosophy (J. B. Schad, A I. Dudrovich, M. N. Protopopov, G. S. Skovoroda, at al.), 3) logic, psychology and pedagogic. In the last group, his doctoral monograph “On mathematical, metaphysical, inductive and critical research and proof methods” (1877) was of great importance. Fedor Zelenogorskii’s very important work was his monograph “Essay of Development of Psychology from Descartes to our Time” (Kharkiv, 1885). The positions of well-known philosophers (Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Berkley, Leibniz, Locke, and John Stewart Mill) and less-known thinkers (Glisson, Bonnet, and James Mill) were here analyzed. Fedor Zelenogorskii’s critical interpretation of the psychological viewpoint of James Mill in his two volumes work “Analysis of the phenomena of the human mind” (1829, 1869) occupies an important place in this analysis. According to him, Chapter III. “The Association of Ideas” of James Mill's work played a key role. James Mill appears here as a representative of associative psychology (David Hartley, Thomas Brown, J. F. Herbart, John Stewart Mill). The Kharkiv philosopher gave credit to James Mill for his contribution to the development of the causal law in Chapter “XXIV. The Will” of this work. In turn, Fedor Zelenogorskii’s important achievement was the popularization of the ideas of the Scotland philosopher and psychologist James Mill, in particular, because of his translation of extracts from the work “Analysis of the phenomena of the human mind”.

scholarly journals CHRISTOPH SIGWART (1830–1904) AND HIS LOGIC IN THE WORKS OF ISIDOR PRODAN (1854–1919/1920)

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
History Of Logic ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
Important Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
Franz Brentano ◽  
Critical Interpretation ◽  
The University ◽  
Hermann Cohen

In this article, a little-studied problem of the critical analysis of the philosophical and logical position of the representative of German philosophical tradition Christoph Sigwart (1830–1904) in the university philosophy, especially in the work of a Kharkiv private-docent Isidor Prodan (1854–1919/1920) is presented. At first, the main periods of the scientific and creative career of Isidor Prodan, including his studying at the Czernowitz (Chernivtsi) Gymnasium (1864–1872) and the philosophical faculty at the University of Vienna (1872–1875) are considered. His teacher in Vienna was a very famous German and Austrian professor Franz Brentano (1838–1917), the author of the work “Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint” (1874) and the founder of “descriptive psychology” and intentionalism. Then his teaching of logic and philosophy at the Gymnasiums of Kishinev (Moldova), Izmail (Ukraine), Riga (Latvia), Tartu (Estonia), and Moscow (Russia) from 1876 till 1900 is emphasized. Then the features of the teaching and the publications of Isidor Prodan in his “Kharkiv period” (1906–1916) are pointed out, during which he was a private-docent at the department of philosophy. Isidor Prodan’s works at this time comprise three areas: 1) History of logic (Aristotle, Leibniz, Spencer, Sigwart), 2) philosophy of common sense (Thomas Reid and the Scottish School of Common Sense), 3) critique of Kant and Neo-Kantianism (Hermann Cohen, Wilhelm Windelband, Hans Vaihinger, Heinrich Rickert, Ernst Cassirer e. a.). In the last group, his work “The Truth about Kant (A Secret of his Success)” (1914) was of great importance. His very important work was the monograph “The Cognition and its Object (Justification of Common Sense)” (Kharkiv, 1913). The positions of well-known philosophers (Plato, Descartes, Berkley, Leibniz, and Hume) and less-known authors (Lodge, Preyer, and Schneider) were here analyzed. Isidor Prodan’s critical interpretation of the logical viewpoint of Christoph Sigwart in his two-volume work “Logic” (1873, 3rd ed., 1904) occupies an important place in this analysis. In turn, Isidor Prodan’s important achievement was the popularization of the ideas of this German logician and philosopher, in particular, because of his translation of extracts from the work “Logic”.

Reorganization of the Governmental Structure of Roumania

1931 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 700-703
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Roucek
Keyword(s):  
Central Administration ◽  
World War ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Law ◽  
Self Rule ◽  
The University

The law for the reorganization of central administration and the law on local administration (July 20, 1929) sponsored by the National Peasant government of Roumania have recently been put into effect. Both measures were drafted by Professors Negulescu, of the University of Bucharest, and Alexianu, of the University of Cernauţi. Their adoption comprises one of the most thorough governmental reforms in the history of the Balkans.The structure of the Roumanian government was, until very recently, almost completely copied from the French system. Roumania was a typical example of a unitary organization. The whole power of government was centralized in Bucharest. Practically all powers of local government were derived from the central authority, and were enlarged and contracted at the will of Bucharest. The whole system lent itself admirably to the domination of the National Liberal party, guided up to 1927 by Ion I. C. Brǎtianu, and after his death by his brother, Vintilǎ I. C. Brǎtianu, who died last year.Since the strength of the National Peasant party, which assumed the reins in 1928, lies largely in the provinces acquired at the close of the World War, a decentralization of government was to be expected. The bitter resentment of Maniu and his associates toward the over-centralization which favored the policies of the Bratianus forced the recent overhauling of the governmental structure, tending toward federalism—a form which takes cognizance of the differences of the past and present between the old kingdom and the new provinces and attempts to extend democratic features of self-rule to the electorate. At the same time, it attempts to secure bureaucratic expertness.

Of algorithms, buildings and fighter jets: a conversation with Robin Forrest

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cardoso Llach ◽  
Robin Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Shape Representation ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Engineering Mathematics ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The University

A founding member of the Computer-Aided Design Group at the University of Cambridge, UK, and a student and collaborator of CAD pioneer Steven A. Coons at MIT, Robin Forrest occupies an important place in the history of computational design. Along with important contributions to the mathematics of shape representation, his coining of the term ‘computational geometry’ in 1971 offered a handle on design techniques that started to emerge – somewhat uncomfortably at first – in the interstices of engineering, mathematics, and the fledgling field of computer science. Initially fostered by governmentsponsored research into Computer-Aided Design for aircraft and car manufacturing, the methods he helped develop have since been encoded in countless commercial software systems for 3D modelling and simulation, helping structure the intellectual work – and the professional identity – of architects, engineers, and other practitioners of design.

scholarly journals Islam and the Discovery of Freedom

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-113
Author(s):  
Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood
Keyword(s):  
World War ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
Distribution Of Power ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
First World ◽  
Original Edition

This very stimulating and perceptive work was born out of the author’s solidconviction that freedom is the ideal that all societies should strive for and thatthe history of humanity has been one of constant struggle against oppressiveforces of authority in order to realize this utopia. The original edition of herwork, The Discovery of Freedom: Man’s Struggle Against Authority, unfortunatelylacked academic credibility due to several factual errors it contained,and was withdrawn from circulation after its publication by the author herself,and would have been relegated to the obscurity of history were it not for thework of Dr. had-ad-Dean Ahmad. He chose to concentrate on the section ofher work relating to Islam and published it separately from the original versionunder this new title, Islam and the Discovery of Freedom. By providingdetailed annotations and a running commentary throughout, as well as rectifyingmost of the historical errors, he has been able to redeem the force and qualityof the author’s original argument.Although more famously known for her mother’s best selling book, LittleHouse on the Prairie, Rose Wilder Lane (18861968) was a journalist dedicatedto the cause of freedom as well as a best selling author and biographer inher own right. She acquired her knowledge of Islam through her work for theRed Cross just after the First World War when she documented their activitiesin Russia, the Balkans and the Middle East.To understand the important place Mrs. Lane has given to Islam one has tounderstand the central thesis of her original work. She maintains that mankindhas made three notable attempts to free itself from the shackles of oppressivepower and authority. The first attempt was orchestrated by the ProphetAbraham, the second by the Prophet Muhammad and the third, though less radical,resulted from the American Revolution. Her study highlights the dangersof unbalanced distribution of power, for she argues that vesting total controland authority in a single leader or small group of people is highly dangerous asthe word and opinion of that authority can very easily become Law, suppressing,and even persecuting, all those with different views. Furthermore, sheasserts that this state of affairs is nowhere more apparent nor more dangerousthan in the societies whose leader(s) claim to speak for or act in accordancewith “the will of God.”The example of Abraham is used to reflect a society where superstition andthe capricious will of its gods dominated all areas of life. It is a type of control ...

scholarly journals Orędzie biskupów polskich do biskupów niemieckich jako krok do unormowania stosunków polsko-niemieckich

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Adam Wójcik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Important Work ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Church ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Catholic Church

The issue of Polish-German reconciliation after 1945 and the actions of both parties to reach an agreement are undoubtedly related to the activities of the Catholic Church in Poland and of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, who led it. Letter of Reconciliation of the Polish Bishops to the German Bishops is a symbol of forgiveness and the will to rebuild relations between the Polish and German nations. The step taken by the leaders of the Church in Poland towards the German side contributed to the normalization and, with time, of establishing mutual Polish-German relations. The aim of the work is to show the essence of the Polish bishops letter and showing the reaction of both sides to the actions taken by the church hierarchs. At work, Polish-German relations are quite fast before the publication of the Polish Orbis to German bishops, as well as the situation after the publication of the letter. The article presents the process of preparing the letter in chronological order, as well as the ideas that guided the authors of the breakthrough work. The article presents what problems after the publication of Lub, the Catholic Church in Poland and its leadership had to face. There were also shown responses to propaganda and anti-church trust in people towards the Church and Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński. The work shows how important a moment in the history of Polish-German relations is the publication of the letter of the Polish bishops, which is to become the basis for the improvement and, over time, the establishment of relations between neighbors. The work describes a topic repeatedly raised by other authors, but contains new information, developed over the years, about the essence of this important work.

Building a Monument: Willis, Clark and The Architectural History of the University of Cambridge

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 145-172
Author(s):  
Alexandrina Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Philosophy ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of The University ◽  
The Will ◽  
The University

In 1872, the ageing and increasingly enfeebled Robert Willis, Jacksonian Professor of Natural and Experimental Philosophy at the University of Cambridge and pioneering architectural historian (Fig. 1), made his Will. To his nephew, John Willis Clark (1833–1910), who was to act as joint executor (Fig. 2), he bequeathed some Italian statuary and up to fifty volumes to be selected from Willis's valuable library. He also made what was to prove a more onerous bequest, leaving his nephew all his ‘manuscripts, plans, tracings, drawings and notes’. The Will added that ‘he shall be at liberty to publish such of the same as he may from time to time see fit’. The nature of these notes was left unspecified, but Clark himself had no doubt as to what his uncle intended. The younger scholar was expected to complete the work which had already occupied at least twenty-one years on Willis's death in 1875 and was to fill eleven more.

scholarly journals Yeni Bir İhtilâcnâme - Seğirnâme Nüshası / A New ihtilâcnâme - Seğirnâme Manuscript

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Hakan Yalap
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Leipzig ◽  
History Of Literature

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>For mankind, the feeling of knowing beyond the moment has always been a matter of curiosity. For this reason, it can be seen that fortune and kinds of fortune are constant and influential in all cultures. Therefore, in literature, literary forms are found around the concept of "fortune". The fortune book Irk Bitig written in Gokturk letters is the earliest known document of this type.</p><p>Twitching is an uncontrollable movement which may occur somewhat part of the body, that is the muscles beneath the skin move slightly with the skin. The works taken on the basis of the interpretations made on the basis of twitching any of the organs of the human body are called seğirnâme or ihtilâcnâme. Seğirnâme’s, which were dated to ancient times in Turkish culture and Turkish literature, have an important place for the history of literature and language. There have been many studies on these types of manuscripts in Turkey and in the world's libraries. When the studies are examined, it has been seen that the texts of seğirrnâme texts are mostly prose texts, but there are also verse texts. In this work, which is based on a self-contained manuscript in the Library of the University of Leipzig, the work on public works was evaluated and the text was transcribed into the transcription alphabet and the language and spelling characteristics were examined. The text in which 139 twitches are involved can be considered voluminous. As a result of the new academic studies from seğirnâme manuscripts to be carried out after that, a more detailed informations about the type of seğirnâme’s, the contents of the languages and language features will be reached. </p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>İnsanoğlu için bulunduğu anın ötesini bilme ve ötesinde yaşama hissi her dönem etkili olmuştur. Bu sebeple tüm kültürlerde fal ve fal türlerine ilginin sürekli ve etkili olduğu görülebilir. Dolayısıyla edebiyatta “fal” kavramı etrafında şekillenmiş edebî türlere rastlanmaktadır. Göktürk harfleri ile yazılmış olan <em>Irk Bitig</em> adlı fal kitabı bu türün şimdilik bilinen en eski belgesidir.</p><p>Seğirmek, vücudun bir yerinde deri ile birlikte derinin hemen altındaki kasların hafifçe oynamasıdır. İnsan bedeninin herhangi bir organının seğirmesine dayanılarak yapılan yorumlar neticesinde kaleme alınan eserlere seğirnâme veya ihtilâcnâme adı verilir. Türk kültüründe ve Türk edebiyatında çok eski dönemlere tarihlenen seğirnâmeler edebiyat ve dil tarihi için önemli bir yere sahiptir. Türkiye ve dünya kütüphanelerinde pek çok yazma nüshası olan bu türler hakkında çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde seğirnâme metinlerinin çoğunlukla mensur metinler olduğu, ancak manzum seğirnâmelerin de bulunduğu görülmüştür.  Leibzig Üniversitesi Kütüphanesindeki müstakil bir yazma nüshaya dayanan bu çalışmada umumi olarak seğirnâmeler üzerine yapılan yayınlar değerlendirilerek metin transkribe edilmiş, dil ve imlâ özellikleri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. 139 seğirmenin yer aldığı metin, bu hâliyle hacimli sayılabilir. Yeni seğirnâme nüshaları üzerinden bundan sonra yapılacak akademik çalışmalar neticesinde seğirnâme türü, seğirnâmelerin içeriği ve dil özellikleri hakkında daha etraflı bilgilere ulaşılacaktır. </p>

scholarly journals The Encyclopedia of Lviv University: from idea to print

2014 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kachmar
Keyword(s):  
Important Place ◽  
Structural Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Working Out

The article deals with the works devoted to the history of Lviv University, which became the basis for the university encyclopedia creation. An important place is given to the analysis of the content and role of this encyclopedia, it is noted that this publication has no analogues in Ukraine. The process of working out the materials, their genre division, the structural formation of this encyclopedia, and the key stages of work on the publication (from the origin of the idea to its realization) are traced. In addition, the presentation of the first volume of The Encyclopedia of Lviv National Ivan Franko University is showed.

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