scholarly journals CHRISTOPH SIGWART (1830–1904) AND HIS LOGIC IN THE WORKS OF ISIDOR PRODAN (1854–1919/1920)

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
History Of Logic ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
Important Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
Franz Brentano ◽  
Critical Interpretation ◽  
The University ◽  
Hermann Cohen

In this article, a little-studied problem of the critical analysis of the philosophical and logical position of the representative of German philosophical tradition Christoph Sigwart (1830–1904) in the university philosophy, especially in the work of a Kharkiv private-docent Isidor Prodan (1854–1919/1920) is presented. At first, the main periods of the scientific and creative career of Isidor Prodan, including his studying at the Czernowitz (Chernivtsi) Gymnasium (1864–1872) and the philosophical faculty at the University of Vienna (1872–1875) are considered. His teacher in Vienna was a very famous German and Austrian professor Franz Brentano (1838–1917), the author of the work “Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint” (1874) and the founder of “descriptive psychology” and intentionalism. Then his teaching of logic and philosophy at the Gymnasiums of Kishinev (Moldova), Izmail (Ukraine), Riga (Latvia), Tartu (Estonia), and Moscow (Russia) from 1876 till 1900 is emphasized. Then the features of the teaching and the publications of Isidor Prodan in his “Kharkiv period” (1906–1916) are pointed out, during which he was a private-docent at the department of philosophy. Isidor Prodan’s works at this time comprise three areas: 1) History of logic (Aristotle, Leibniz, Spencer, Sigwart), 2) philosophy of common sense (Thomas Reid and the Scottish School of Common Sense), 3) critique of Kant and Neo-Kantianism (Hermann Cohen, Wilhelm Windelband, Hans Vaihinger, Heinrich Rickert, Ernst Cassirer e. a.). In the last group, his work “The Truth about Kant (A Secret of his Success)” (1914) was of great importance. His very important work was the monograph “The Cognition and its Object (Justification of Common Sense)” (Kharkiv, 1913). The positions of well-known philosophers (Plato, Descartes, Berkley, Leibniz, and Hume) and less-known authors (Lodge, Preyer, and Schneider) were here analyzed. Isidor Prodan’s critical interpretation of the logical viewpoint of Christoph Sigwart in his two-volume work “Logic” (1873, 3rd ed., 1904) occupies an important place in this analysis. In turn, Isidor Prodan’s important achievement was the popularization of the ideas of this German logician and philosopher, in particular, because of his translation of extracts from the work “Logic”.

scholarly journals PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY OF JAMES MILL (1773–1836) IN THE INTERPRETATION OF FEDOR ZELENOGORSKII (1839–1908)

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-98
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
Critical Interpretation ◽  
David Hartley ◽  
The University

In the article, a little-studied question of the critical interpretation of the philosophical and psychological position of the representative of Scotland tradition James Mill (1773–1836) in the university philosophy, especially in the work of Kharkiv Professor Fedor Zelenogorskii (1839–1908) is presented. At first, the main periods of scientific and creative career of Fedor Zelenogorskii, including his studying at the Kazan Clerical Academy (1862–1864) and the historical-philosophical faculty at the Kazan University (1864–1868) are considered. Then his scientific internship from 1871 till 1873 in Germany and Switzerland is emphasized. During that period, he attended lectures of such famous Professors as Moritz Drobisch (Leipzig), Eduard Zeller (Heidelberg), Friedrich Albert Lange (Zurich, and Marburg), who was the author of the work “Geschichte des Materialismus und Kritik seiner Bedeutung in der Gegenwart” (1866). Then the features of the teaching and the publications of Fedor Zelenogroskii in his “Kharkiv period” (1874–1908) are pointed out, during which he was, at first, private docent, then extraordinary and ordinary professor of philosophy. Fedor Zelenogorskii’s works at this time comprise three areas: 1) Antique philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Aristippus of Cyrene), 2) works in the history of philosophy, for instance, Kharkiv university philosophy and Ukrainian philosophy (J. B. Schad, A I. Dudrovich, M. N. Protopopov, G. S. Skovoroda, at al.), 3) logic, psychology and pedagogic. In the last group, his doctoral monograph “On mathematical, metaphysical, inductive and critical research and proof methods” (1877) was of great importance. Fedor Zelenogorskii’s very important work was his monograph “Essay of Development of Psychology from Descartes to our Time” (Kharkiv, 1885). The positions of well-known philosophers (Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Berkley, Leibniz, Locke, and John Stewart Mill) and less-known thinkers (Glisson, Bonnet, and James Mill) were here analyzed. Fedor Zelenogorskii’s critical interpretation of the psychological viewpoint of James Mill in his two volumes work “Analysis of the phenomena of the human mind” (1829, 1869) occupies an important place in this analysis. According to him, Chapter III. “The Association of Ideas” of James Mill's work played a key role. James Mill appears here as a representative of associative psychology (David Hartley, Thomas Brown, J. F. Herbart, John Stewart Mill). The Kharkiv philosopher gave credit to James Mill for his contribution to the development of the causal law in Chapter “XXIV. The Will” of this work. In turn, Fedor Zelenogorskii’s important achievement was the popularization of the ideas of the Scotland philosopher and psychologist James Mill, in particular, because of his translation of extracts from the work “Analysis of the phenomena of the human mind”.

scholarly journals Franz Brentano’s Influence on Ukrainian Philosophy: A Methodological Introduction to Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
Stepan Ivanyk
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Constructive Method ◽  
Scientific Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Franz Brentano ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ukrainian Society

This article ponders, for the first time, the question of whether Austrian philosopher Franz Brentano (1838-1917) influenced the development of the school of Ukrainian philosophy. It employs Anna Brożek’s methodology to identify philosophers’ influence on one another (distinctions between direct and indirect influence, active and passive contact, etc.); concepts of institutional and ideological conditions of this influence are also considered. The article establishes, first, that many Ukrainian academics had institutional bonds with Brentano’s students, especially Kazimierz Twardowski at the University of Lviv. Second, it identifies an ideological bond between Brentano and his hypothetical Ukrainian “academic grandsons.” Particularly, a comparative analysis of works on the history of philosophy of Brentano and the Ukrainian Ilarion Svientsits'kyi (1876-1956) reveals that the latter took over Brentano’sa posteriori constructive method. These results allow to draw a conclusion about the existence of Ukrainian Brentanism, that not only brings new arguments into the discussion about the tradition of and prospects for the development of analytic (scientific) philosophy on Ukrainian ground, but also opens new aspects of the modernization of Ukrainian society in general (from the end of the nineteenth century to the present day).

Of algorithms, buildings and fighter jets: a conversation with Robin Forrest

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cardoso Llach ◽  
Robin Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Shape Representation ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Engineering Mathematics ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The University

A founding member of the Computer-Aided Design Group at the University of Cambridge, UK, and a student and collaborator of CAD pioneer Steven A. Coons at MIT, Robin Forrest occupies an important place in the history of computational design. Along with important contributions to the mathematics of shape representation, his coining of the term ‘computational geometry’ in 1971 offered a handle on design techniques that started to emerge – somewhat uncomfortably at first – in the interstices of engineering, mathematics, and the fledgling field of computer science. Initially fostered by governmentsponsored research into Computer-Aided Design for aircraft and car manufacturing, the methods he helped develop have since been encoded in countless commercial software systems for 3D modelling and simulation, helping structure the intellectual work – and the professional identity – of architects, engineers, and other practitioners of design.

Evil in the Western Philosophical Tradition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Rae
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Jacques Lacan ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Analytical Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Cornelius Castoriadis ◽  
The Problem Of Evil ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theological Thought

While Western moral, philosophical, and theological thought has historically privileged the good, this has been accompanied by profound, if subterranean, interest in evil. This book charts a history of evil as it has been thought within this tradition. Showing that the problem of evil, as a conceptual problem—that is, as a problem to be dealt with through rational means—came to the fore with the rise of monotheism, this book initially outlines the dynamics that led to it becoming the problem of Christianity, before tracing how subsequent thought, first within an explicitly theological framework, and subsequently from secular foundations, developed from this problematic. With chapters on figures in early and Medieval Christian philosophy, modern philosophy, German Idealism, Nietzsche, Arendt, post-structuralism, and contemporary analytical philosophy, it demonstrates the breadth and depth of thinking on evil within this tradition and includes discussions on thinkers not normally included in analyses of the topic, such as Jacques Lacan and Cornelius Castoriadis. These reveal that, far from being something clear and obvious as common-sense, everyday intuition tends to hold, the meaning and nature of evil has been remarkably complex, differentiated, and contested.

scholarly journals Yeni Bir İhtilâcnâme - Seğirnâme Nüshası / A New ihtilâcnâme - Seğirnâme Manuscript

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Hakan Yalap
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Leipzig ◽  
History Of Literature

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>For mankind, the feeling of knowing beyond the moment has always been a matter of curiosity. For this reason, it can be seen that fortune and kinds of fortune are constant and influential in all cultures. Therefore, in literature, literary forms are found around the concept of "fortune". The fortune book Irk Bitig written in Gokturk letters is the earliest known document of this type.</p><p>Twitching is an uncontrollable movement which may occur somewhat part of the body, that is the muscles beneath the skin move slightly with the skin. The works taken on the basis of the interpretations made on the basis of twitching any of the organs of the human body are called seğirnâme or ihtilâcnâme. Seğirnâme’s, which were dated to ancient times in Turkish culture and Turkish literature, have an important place for the history of literature and language. There have been many studies on these types of manuscripts in Turkey and in the world's libraries. When the studies are examined, it has been seen that the texts of seğirrnâme texts are mostly prose texts, but there are also verse texts. In this work, which is based on a self-contained manuscript in the Library of the University of Leipzig, the work on public works was evaluated and the text was transcribed into the transcription alphabet and the language and spelling characteristics were examined. The text in which 139 twitches are involved can be considered voluminous. As a result of the new academic studies from seğirnâme manuscripts to be carried out after that, a more detailed informations about the type of seğirnâme’s, the contents of the languages and language features will be reached. </p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>İnsanoğlu için bulunduğu anın ötesini bilme ve ötesinde yaşama hissi her dönem etkili olmuştur. Bu sebeple tüm kültürlerde fal ve fal türlerine ilginin sürekli ve etkili olduğu görülebilir. Dolayısıyla edebiyatta “fal” kavramı etrafında şekillenmiş edebî türlere rastlanmaktadır. Göktürk harfleri ile yazılmış olan <em>Irk Bitig</em> adlı fal kitabı bu türün şimdilik bilinen en eski belgesidir.</p><p>Seğirmek, vücudun bir yerinde deri ile birlikte derinin hemen altındaki kasların hafifçe oynamasıdır. İnsan bedeninin herhangi bir organının seğirmesine dayanılarak yapılan yorumlar neticesinde kaleme alınan eserlere seğirnâme veya ihtilâcnâme adı verilir. Türk kültüründe ve Türk edebiyatında çok eski dönemlere tarihlenen seğirnâmeler edebiyat ve dil tarihi için önemli bir yere sahiptir. Türkiye ve dünya kütüphanelerinde pek çok yazma nüshası olan bu türler hakkında çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde seğirnâme metinlerinin çoğunlukla mensur metinler olduğu, ancak manzum seğirnâmelerin de bulunduğu görülmüştür.  Leibzig Üniversitesi Kütüphanesindeki müstakil bir yazma nüshaya dayanan bu çalışmada umumi olarak seğirnâmeler üzerine yapılan yayınlar değerlendirilerek metin transkribe edilmiş, dil ve imlâ özellikleri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. 139 seğirmenin yer aldığı metin, bu hâliyle hacimli sayılabilir. Yeni seğirnâme nüshaları üzerinden bundan sonra yapılacak akademik çalışmalar neticesinde seğirnâme türü, seğirnâmelerin içeriği ve dil özellikleri hakkında daha etraflı bilgilere ulaşılacaktır. </p>

scholarly journals Hermann Cohen i Ernst Cassirer w relacji mistrz–uczeń

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kubalica
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Logical Model ◽  
Ernst Cassirer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hermann Cohen

Hermann Cohen and Ernst Cassirer in the Master–Disciple Relationship of AuthorityThe aim of the paper is to analyze the relationship between the authority of the master and the disciple occurring between the two main representatives of the Neo-Kantianism of the Marburg School, Hermann Cohen and Ernst Cassirer. The analysis is based on the pragmatic-logical model of authority developed by Jozef M. Bocheński within the framework of his logic of authority in application to research on the basic relations taking place in the history of philosophy. The purpose of the analysis is to verify the hypothesis of the existence of the master– disciple authority relationship between the mentioned representatives of the school and to explain its logical consequences of the basis of historical-philosophical research of this particular philosophical formation.

scholarly journals The Encyclopedia of Lviv University: from idea to print

2014 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kachmar
Keyword(s):  
Important Place ◽  
Structural Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Working Out

The article deals with the works devoted to the history of Lviv University, which became the basis for the university encyclopedia creation. An important place is given to the analysis of the content and role of this encyclopedia, it is noted that this publication has no analogues in Ukraine. The process of working out the materials, their genre division, the structural formation of this encyclopedia, and the key stages of work on the publication (from the origin of the idea to its realization) are traced. In addition, the presentation of the first volume of The Encyclopedia of Lviv National Ivan Franko University is showed.

scholarly journals Toward the life work - between theoretical opus and acting: Observations on the writings of Milan Brdar

2020 ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
Caslav Koprivica
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Important Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Work

In this article we want to highlight some of the most important moments in the work of Serbian philosopher Milan Brdar so far, as well as to highlight, at least partially, of what is important for his biography of an intellectual and publicly engaged person. In addition to dealing with sociological topics, in many monographs, he faces a number of important themes in the history of philosophy, so that his topic-related engagement with the philosophical tradition, from a later perspective, can also be viewed as an involuntary engagement with the history of philosophy. The results of his theoretical encounters made peculiar and important place in the Serbian philosophy of last decades.

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