scholarly journals A Multi-Systems Approach to Human Movement after ACL Reconstruction: The Musculoskeletal System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Larson ◽  
Vien Vu ◽  
Brandon M Ness ◽  
Elizabeth Wellsandt ◽  
Scot Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Human Movement

scholarly journals Perspective on musculoskeletal modelling and predictive simulations of human movement to assess the neuromechanics of gait

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1946) ◽  
pp. 20202432
Author(s):  
Friedl De Groote ◽  
Antoine Falisse
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Musculoskeletal Models ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Fundamental Insight ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Predictive Simulations

Locomotion results from complex interactions between the central nervous system and the musculoskeletal system with its many degrees of freedom and muscles. Gaining insight into how the properties of each subsystem shape human gait is challenging as experimental methods to manipulate and assess isolated subsystems are limited. Simulations that predict movement patterns based on a mathematical model of the neuro-musculoskeletal system without relying on experimental data can reveal principles of locomotion by elucidating cause–effect relationships. New computational approaches have enabled the use of such predictive simulations with complex neuro-musculoskeletal models. Here, we review recent advances in predictive simulations of human movement and how those simulations have been used to deepen our knowledge about the neuromechanics of gait. In addition, we give a perspective on challenges towards using predictive simulations to gain new fundamental insight into motor control of gait, and to help design personalized treatments in patients with neurological disorders and assistive devices that improve gait performance. Such applications will require more detailed neuro-musculoskeletal models and simulation approaches that take uncertainty into account, tools to efficiently personalize those models, and validation studies to demonstrate the ability of simulations to predict gait in novel circumstances.

scholarly journals The kinectome: a comprehensive kinematic map of human motion in health and disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emahnuel Troisi Lopez ◽  
Pierpaolo Sorrentino ◽  
Marianna Liparoti ◽  
Roberta Minino ◽  
Anna Carotenuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Human Kinematics ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Network Approaches

Effective human movement requires the coordinated participation of the whole musculoskeletal system. Here we propose to represent the human body movements as a network (that we named "kinectome"), where nodes are body parts, and edges are defined as the correlations of the accelerations between each pair of body parts during gait. We apply this framework in healthy individuals and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The network dynamics in Parkinson's display high variability, as conveyed by the high variance and the modular structure in the patients' kinectomes. Furthermore, our analysis identified a set of anatomical elements that are specifically related to the balance impairment in PD. Furthermore, each participant could be identified basedon its kinectome patterns, akin to a "fingerprint" of movement, confirming that our approach captures relevant features of gait. We hope that applying network approaches to human kinematics yields new insights to characterize human movement.

scholarly journals Assessment of Human Walking Parameters with Two Accelerometers

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Kataev ◽  
◽  
N. G. Kataeva ◽  
R. A. Chernov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Human Walking ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Human Limb ◽  
Correct Data ◽  
Age Related Changes

Movement is an integral part of a human activity. Maintaining human’s health or doing sports, for example, requires an accurate assessment of a person's physical activity, and especially the way the person moves (gait). The natural age-related changes or diseases cause a disfunction of the musculoskeletal system, and limits human movement. Traditionally, the medical diagnostics consists in examination of a person in a static position or with a minimum level of movement. This article proposes a solution to the problem of assessing the parameters of a person's walking using several accelerometers fixed on the human body. This solution allows obtaining correct data on a human limb movement in time and space. The authors believe that this approach can be used to diagnose the state of the human musculoskeletal system

scholarly journals Quantifying Coordination and Variability in the Lower Extremities after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Sangheon Park ◽  
Sukhoon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Coordination Pattern ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Patients experience various biomechanical changes following reconstruction for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, previous studies have focused on lower extremity joints as a single joint rather than simultaneous lower extremity movements. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the movement changes in the lower limb coordination patterns according to movement type following ACL reconstruction. Twenty-one post ACL reconstruction patients (AG) and an equal number of healthy adults (CG) participated in this study. They were asked to perform walking, running, and cutting maneuvers. The continuous relative phase and variability were calculated to examine the coordination pattern. During running and cutting at 30 and 60°, the AG demonstrated a lower in-phase hip–knee coordination pattern in the sagittal plane. The AG demonstrated low hip–knee variability in the sagittal plane during cutting at 60°. The low in-phase coordination pattern can burden the knee by generating unnatural movements following muscle contraction in the opposite direction. Based on the results, it would be useful to identify the problem and provide the fundamental evidence for the optimal timing of return-to-sport after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) rehabilitation, if the coordination variable is measured with various sensors promptly in the sports field to evaluate the coordination of human movement.

Fifth Edition: the New Standard

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Leon H. Ensalada
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Medical Evaluation ◽  
Single Set

Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fifth Edition, is available and includes numerous changes that will affect both evaluators who and systems that use the AMA Guides. The Fifth Edition is nearly twice the size of its predecessor (613 pages vs 339 pages) and contains three additional chapters (the musculoskeletal system now is split into three chapters and the cardiovascular system into two). Table 1 shows how chapters in the Fifth Edition were reorganized from the Fourth Edition. In addition, each of the chapters is presented in a consistent format, as shown in Table 2. This article and subsequent issues of The Guides Newsletter will examine these changes, and the present discussion focuses on major revisions, particularly those in the first two chapters. (See Table 3 for a summary of the revisions to the musculoskeletal and pain chapters.) Chapter 1, Philosophy, Purpose, and Appropriate Use of the AMA Guides, emphasizes objective assessment necessitating a medical evaluation. Most impairment percentages in the Fifth Edition are unchanged from the Fourth because the majority of ratings currently are accepted, there is limited scientific data to support changes, and ratings should not be changed arbitrarily. Chapter 2, Practical Application of the AMA Guides, describes how to use the AMA Guides for consistent and reliable acquisition, analysis, communication, and utilization of medical information through a single set of standards.

Quick Reference: Chapter 3: The Musculoskeletal System and Chapter 4: The Nervous System

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Multistep Method ◽  
Manual Muscle Testing ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Lower Extremity Weakness ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Muscle Testing ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Lesions of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), whether due to injury or illness, commonly result in residual symptoms and signs and, hence, permanent impairment. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, divides PNS deficits into sensory and motor and includes pain in the former. This article, which regards rating sensory and motor deficits of the lower extremities, is continued from the March/April 2000 issue of The Guides Newsletter. Procedures for rating extremity neural deficits are described in Chapter 3, The Musculoskeletal System, section 3.1k for the upper extremity and sections 3.2k and 3.2l for the lower limb. Sensory deficits and dysesthesia are both disorders of sensation, but the former can be interpreted to mean diminished or absent sensation (hypesthesia or anesthesia) Dysesthesia implies abnormal sensation in the absence of a stimulus or unpleasant sensation elicited by normal touch. Sections 3.2k and 3.2d indicate that almost all partial motor loss in the lower extremity can be rated using Table 39. In addition, Section 4.4b and Table 21 indicate the multistep method used for spinal and some additional nerves and be used alternatively to rate lower extremity weakness in general. Partial motor loss in the lower extremity is rated by manual muscle testing, which is described in the AMA Guides in Section 3.2d.

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