Virulence factors and antibiogram of Escherichia coli - The causative agent of urinary tract infection among pregnant women of Bidar district

ABSTRACTExtraintestinalEscherichia coli(ExPEC), a heterogeneous group of pathogens, encompasses avian, neonatal meningitis, and uropathogenicE. colistrains. While several virulence factors are associated with ExPEC, there is no core set of virulence factors that can be used to definitively differentiate these pathotypes. Here we describe a multiplex of four virulence factor-encoding genes,yfcV,vat,fyuA, andchuA, highly associated with uropathogenicE. colistrains that can distinguish three groups ofE. coli: diarrheagenic and animal-associatedE. colistrains, human commensal and avian pathogenicE. colistrains, and uropathogenic and neonatal meningitisE. colistrains. Furthermore, human intestinal isolates that encode all four predictor genes express them during exponential growth in human urine and colonize the bladder in the mouse model of ascending urinary tract infection in higher numbers than human commensal strains that do not encode the four predictor genes (P= 0.02), suggesting that the presence of the predictors correlates with uropathogenic potential.

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Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection among Adult Females in Omu-Aran South-West Nigeria

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/sajrm/2020/v6i130140 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 16-24

Author(s):

Ndako James A. ◽

Akinyomade Owolabi ◽

Oludolapo Olatinsu ◽

Adedapo O. Omolade ◽

Ilochi Ifeanyi

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Proteus Species

Background: Urinary tract infection is caused by the presence and replication of microorganisms in the urinary tract. Urinary tract infection is a major health problem among females especially among pregnant women and this is caused by the physiological makeup of the female urinary tract. Objective: This study was designed to assess the epidemiology of UTIs present amidst pregnant women and females residing in the Omu-Aran community. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 individuals were involved of which 50 were pregnant women while the remaining 50 were non-pregnant females. Semi-structured questionnaires were distributed to all participants to obtain their data. Samples of urine (early morning midstream) were collected in universal bottles from participants. The urine specimens were cultured on four different agar plates which were; cystein lactose electrolyte deficient agar, blood agar, MacConkey agar and nutrient agar for significant bacteria growth. Microscopic and macroscopic examination was also carried out on the samples for possible detection of infections. Results: The result of the culture showed a significant bacterial growth of 77% and 23% of the samples collected showed no significant bacterial growth. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus spp., Proteus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were isolated. With Staphylococcus aureus predominantly present and observed as the causative factor for (45.4%) occurrence of UTIs, closely followed by Staphylococcus saprophyticus (13.0%), Escherichia coli (13.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.1%) Proteus species (9.1%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (7.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.3%). However the only fungi isolated was Candida albicans showing (1.3%) prevalence, Candida is the most common cause of fungal infections in humans. Conclusion: Results obtained in this work showed a high prevalence of Urinary tract infection at our study location. A prompt enlightenment campaign and need for periodic check among females is highly advocated to reduce or out rightly eliminate the spread of common uropathogens in circulation.

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Prevalence of asymptomatic urinary tract infection due to escherichia coli among pregnant women attending ANC clinic at BRIMS teaching hospital

Indian Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.18231/2394-5478.2018.0017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 84-86

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Teaching Hospital

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Virulence factors, antibiotic resistance phenotypes and O-serogroups of Escherichia coli strains isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infection patients in Mexico

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection ◽

10.1016/j.jmii.2015.08.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 478-485 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Gloria Luz Paniagua-Contreras ◽

Eric Monroy-Pérez ◽

José Raymundo Rodríguez-Moctezuma ◽

Pablo Domínguez-Trejo ◽

Felipe Vaca-Paniagua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Virulence Factors

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Virulence genes and phylogenetic groups of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infection and uninfected control subjects: a case-control study

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-06036-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Seyedeh Elham Rezatofighi ◽

Mahsa Mirzarazi ◽

Mansour Salehi

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Strong Association ◽

Phylogenetic Groups ◽

E Coli ◽

Healthy Humans

Abstract Background Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infectious diseases which causes considerable morbidity and costly health problems. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the most common pathogen causing UTI, is a highly heterogeneous group of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) which may carry a variety of virulence factors and belonging to different phylogenetic backgrounds. The current study aimed to investigate the frequency and association between various virulence factors (VFs) and phylogenetic groups of UPEC and commensal isolates. Methods UPEC and commensal E. coli strains isolated from UTI and feces of healthy humans were compared for the presence of VFs and phylogenetic groups. Association between virulence genes was investigated and cluster analysis was employed. Results According to the results, among a 30 virulence markers tested, the pathogenicity-associated island (PAI), papAH, papEF, fimH, fyuA, and traT genes prevalence were statistically significant in UPEC isolates. A strong association was found between the B2 and D phylogenetic groups and clinical isolates of UPEC; while, commensal isolates were mostly associated with phylogenetic group A. The aggregated VFs scores were more than twice higher in the UPEC isolates in comparison with the commensal isolates. Interestingly, the B2 group in both UPEC and commensal isolates had the highest VF scores. A strong positive association was found between several virulence genes. The clustering results demonstrated that UPEC or commensal E. coli isolates were highly heterogeneous due to different composition of their virulence gene pool and pathogenicity islands. Conclusion Genetic structure and VFs of UPEC strains vary from region to region; therefore, to control the UTI, the epidemiological aspects and characterization of the UPEC isolates need to be investigated in different regions. Since UPEC isolates are generally originate from the commensal strains, it may be feasible to reduce the UTI burden by interfering the intestinal colonization, particularly in the highly pathogenic clonal lineages such as B2.

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Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Nepal: A Cross-sectional Prospective Study

Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/jucms.v9i01.37973 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (01) ◽

pp. 38-42

Author(s):

Shristi Raut ◽

Sulochana Khatiwada ◽

Narayan GC

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽

Urine Samples ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Significant Bacteriuria

INTRODUCTION Urinary tract of female undergoes tremendous changes during pregnancy which increases their risk of acquiring infection. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a common entity among pregnant women which refers to significant bacteriuria (>105 bacteria per ml of urine) without any typical symptoms of urinary tract infection. Asymptomatic bacteriuria can lead to various maternal and fetal complications if not detected and treated on time. MATERIAL AND METHODS Total 280 urine samples were collected in sterile universal containers from pregnant women not showing typical symptoms of urinary tract infection at the time of sample collection. Urine samples were inoculated in both MacConkey agar and Blood agar by semi quantitative culture method. Culture plates were reported after 24 hours of incubation at 370C. Bacteria isolated were subjected to antibacterial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. RESULTS Out of 280 urine cultures, 213 samples were sterile. Significant bacteriuria was seen in 25 cases (8.9%) followed by insignificant bacteriuria (20, 7.14%) and contamination (17, 6.10%). Highest number of cultures positive were in age group 21-30 years (19, 9.1%,). Out of 25 cases of significant bacteriuria, 60% were primigravida and 40% were multigravida. The most common organism isolated was Escherichia coli (10, 60%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (5, 40%). CONCLUSION Screening of all pregnant women for asymptomatic bacteriuria is essential during their antenatal checkup. Escherichia coli is the commonest organism that cause asymptomatic bacteriuria. Appropriate antibiotic therapy is absolutely necessary for positive cases on the basis of antimicrobial susceptibility result to prevent unwanted obstetric complications.

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