scholarly journals Timings of Permanent Tooth Emergence in Children of Rural Vanuatu, Melanesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 510-518
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Webb ◽  
Lisa Woods ◽  
Carol Stewart ◽  
Peggy Fairbairn Dunlop ◽  
Jenny Tangis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Tooth Emergence ◽  
First Permanent Molars ◽  
Logistic Modelling

Introduction Global patterning and timing of permanent tooth emergence is influenced by ethnicity, with no known timings reported for ethnic Melanesian children living in the tropical archipelago of Vanuatu. Aim To determine timings of permanent tooth emergence and sequencing for children who reside in rural Vanuatu. Methods Children aged 4-17 years (n=1026), part of a larger oral health cross-sectional study, were examined recording all permanent teeth present, across four spatially separated islands. Binary logistic modelling established children’s median age of emergence of each permanent tooth for each study area. Results The median emergence of first permanent molars for girls is 4.9-years and 5.3 -years for boys. In all locations, children had all permanent teeth emerge by age 11 years (excluding 3rd molars). Clinically important differences exist for permanent tooth emergence by study area. Discussion Permanent teeth emerge earlier for Ni-Vanuatu children compared to both Melanesian children of Papua New Guinea as well as other ethnicities across Oceanic countries. These results can be used as a set standard for Vanuatu. Early tooth emergence suggests oral health education programmes should target pregnant women with clinical preventive strategies commencing for their children before 5-years of age.

Teething

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubunmi Olusola Bankole ◽  
Folake Barakat Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Rural Town ◽  
Health Education Intervention ◽  
Rural Township

Misconceptions about the teething process has led to high infant morbidity and mortality, which was recently experienced in Nigeria due to consumption of an adulterated drug used in the prevention and treatment of teething-related illnesses in infants. It is however, unknown if these misconceptions still persist in a rural town in Nigeria despite oral health awareness campaigns targeted at this. The aim of this study is to assess the beliefs and practices of residents in Igbo Ora, a rural township in Nigeria, regarding the teething process. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 adults in Igbo Ora using a 33-item, semistructured questionnaire. Symptoms such as diarrhea (80.7%), fever (69.2%), and boils (64.4%) were still considered as a must to accompany teething. Teething powder, teething syrup, and traditional concoctions were commonly recommended by (42.0%), (31.6%), and (48.1%) of the respondents, respectively, to treat and prevent teething symptoms. This study revealed that misconceptions about teething are still highly prevalent among the populace in Igbo Ora, and a structured oral health education intervention at the community level is urgently needed.

Impact of Oral Health Educational Intervention for Reduction in New Lesions of Dental Caries: Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2961-2965
Author(s):  
Faisal Izhar ◽  
M. Saleem Rana ◽  
Maha Tanvir ◽  
Shafia Hasan ◽  
Muhammad Azizullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instruction

Oral health in the nation’s evolution, especially in this globalization, an absence of illness in the population plays a key role for a fecund and well established society. Purpose: To see the impact of oral health education intervention to improve oral health practices along-with formation of new carious lesions after oral health education after 3 months of intervention. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Methodology: Children (n=383) were included in present study through non-probability, convenient sampling technique. Children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were examined with the examination tools on the dental unit office in the RHC for caries risk using a pre-validated caries risk assessment checklist and dental caries detection form. Statistical analysis: Data analyzed by SPSS 21.0v. Results: Majority of respondents (383) 100% didn’t have access to fluoridated water supply. Only 23.5% of the respondents have literate parent’s majority of them (76.5%) have illiterate parents. All the respondents 100% were at moderate risk. In comparison of risk associated with teeth missing due to caries in past 36 months, the respondents at low risk were 63.2%, High risk were 25.3% and moderate risk were 11.5%. Conclusion: This study concluded that intervention of oral hygiene instruction has produced significant results in motivating people for cleaning teeth regularly and avoiding the use of sugary foods and beverages to maintain their oral and general health. The study has interventions of tooth brush with paste and oral hygiene instruction for motivating and treating people. Key Words: Early Childhood Caries, Risk Assessment, Health Education and Oral Hygiene.

Association Between Genetic Polymorphisms in Metaloproteinases of the Matrix and Delayed Tooth Emergence: A Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Silvane Silva Evangelista ◽  
Juliana Arid ◽  
Katia Regina Felizardo Vasconcelos ◽  
Giuseppe Valduga Cruz ◽  
André Luiz Tannus Dutra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Tooth Eruption ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Allele Distribution

Background and Aims: Animal models have been demonstrating that MMPs have an important function in the tooth eruption process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between genetic polymorphisms in MMP8 and MMP13 and delayed tooth eruption of permanent teeth. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study selected 216 children, 9- to 12-year-old, from public schools at Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. During oral clinical examination, each permanent tooth emerged in the oral cavity was evaluated. Children were considered with delayed tooth eruption when at least one permanent tooth was delayed and were classified in 2 groups: children “with delayed tooth emergency” and “without delayed tooth emergency.” Saliva samples were collected from DNA extraction. The genetic polymorphisms rs17099443 and rs3765620 in MMP8, and rs478927 and rs2252070 in MMP13 were genotyped. Statistical Analysis: PLINK V1.07 ( http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/purcell/plink/ ) and GraphPad Prism 5.0 (San Diego, CA, USA) were used. The c2 or Fisher exact test was used to calculate genotypes and alleles distributions. To compare the mean number of delayed teeth according to genotypes, the Kruskal-Wallis test with multiple comparison Dunn test was used. The established alpha for all comparisons was .05. Results: The polymorphism rs17099443 in MMP8 was associated with delayed tooth eruption in the genotype distribution ( P = .05). In the allele distribution, the C allele was underrepresented in children with delayed tooth eruption ( P = .01; OR = 0.61, 95% confidence interval, 0.41–0.9). Conclusion: The genetic polymorphism rs17099443 in MMP8 is associated with delayed tooth eruption.

scholarly journals Parental Compliance towards Oral Health Education among Preschoolers with Special Healthcare Needs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7323
Author(s):  
Ni Zhou ◽  
Hai Ming Wong ◽  
Colman Patrick McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Compliance ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Developmental Conditions

Background: Young children with special needs greatly rely on their parents to support their daily living activities; parental compliance may have great impact on the implementation of health promotion activities among those children. This study aimed to investigate the parental compliance towards oral health education (OHE) among children with special healthcare needs (SHCN). Method: The participants were 306 parents whose children had participated in a 24-month OHE program for preschool children with SHCN. The primary outcome of this cross-sectional study was parental compliance towards the OHE program. Parents’ oral health literacy (OHL) was assessed by a validated tool. Parents’ socioeconomic status, attitudes towards OHE topics, perceptions of children’s oral hygiene status, and usefulness of OHE materials were collected via questionnaires. Results: A higher dropout rate was observed among parents who perceived that their children had unfavorable oral hygiene status (p = 0.038), or parents who had poor OHL skills (p = 0.015). Parental noncompliance was more likely to be observed among parents who perceived that the OHE materials were not useful for their children (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 1.56 to 8.47, p = 0.003), or parents whose children had been diagnosed with developmental delays (OR = 5.45, 95% CI 1.59 to18.74, p = 0.007). Conclusion: Non-compliance existed among parents whose children had received OHE intervention. Parental compliance towards OHE intervention might be associated with parents’ OHL skills, usefulness of OHE materials, and children’s developmental conditions. OHE programs should be individually tailored to support children whose parents are at a higher risk of noncompliant behaviors.

Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization: Positive Correlation with Atopic Dermatitis and Food Allergies

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Hernandez ◽  
Juan Boj ◽  
Enric Espasa ◽  
Paloma Planells ◽  
Benjamin Peretz
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
First Time ◽  
First Permanent Molars ◽  
Febrile Syndrome

Aim: Molar-incisor hypomineralization is a disturbance in dental development that involves first permanent molars as well as permanent incisors with a prevalence that ranges from 2.5% to 40%. The objective of this study was to investigate the etiology of molar-incisor hypomineralization among school children from two randomly selected towns in the province of Barcelona, Spain. Study design: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 705 children ranging in age from six years-old to 14 years and 11 months-old. Full mouth examinations were carried out in accordance with the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry criteria for the diagnosis of molar-incisor hypomineralization, from April to July 2016. Results: A total of 56 cases of molar-incisor hypomineralization were found in 22 (39.3%) boys and 34 (60.7%) girls. MIH was significantly more prevalent among those who had atopic dermatitis (OR=90.9; 33.4–247.1 CI 95%), food allergies (OR=104.2; 12.2–887.5 CI 95%), bronchitis/asthma (OR=5.3; 2.7–10.1 CI 95%), varicella (OR=96.3; 41.9–221.1 CI 95%), otitis media (OR=12.2; 6.3–23.5 CI 95%), pneumonia (OR=276.7; 35.1–2183.7 CI 95%), and febrile syndrome (OR=7.8; 4.1–14.8 CI 95%). Conclusions: The present research reveals for the first time a statistically significant relationship between atopic dermatitis and food allergies with the presence of molar-incisor hypomineralization.

scholarly journals Determinants of Oral Health Behaviour Among Community Health Workers in Kottayam- A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najmunnisa K P ◽  
Susan Thomas Thomas ◽  
Mary Shimi S Gomez ◽  
Jesline Merly James ◽  
Vivek Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Oral Health Behaviour

Abstract BackgroundBeliefs and attitudes of community health workers affect their oral health behaviour and knowledge which in turn affects their potential to motivate the public to undertake preventive oral health measures. This study was performed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices as well as determinants of oral health behaviour among community health workers in rural regions of Kerala.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 123 community healthcare workers at primary health centres in the Ettumanoor block zone, Kottayam. A two-stage cluster sampling method was used. Data regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice of oral health were acquired through self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Statistical association between responses in different group of health workers were determined by using Chi-square test. Independent t-test and ANOVA were used to test the difference in attitude and knowledge scores. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were applied to identify factors associated with the oral health behaviour of community health workers.ResultsAbout 65% of the participants exhibited poor oral health behaviour. A positive attitude has a significant relation with oral health behaviour status of the participants (p=0.003). Community health workers who attended an oral health education program had a better oral health behaviour status when compared to those who had not attended (p=0.006). ConclusionsThe results emphasize that oral health education should be given to all the community health workers to enhance their awareness about preventive oral health care.

scholarly journals Association of e-cigarette use with oral health: a population-based cross-sectional questionnaire study

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Huilgol ◽  
Surya P Bhatt ◽  
Niranjan Biligowda ◽  
Nicole C Wright ◽  
J Michael Wells
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Permanent Tooth ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of daily or intermittent electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use on oral health is unknown. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis using the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Poor oral health was determined by the number of permanent teeth removed due to non-traumatic causes, and e-cigarette use determined by daily or intermittent use within 30 days prior to survey administration. We performed logistic regression analysis to test associations between e-cigarette use and oral health with adjustment for factors associated with poor oral health, survey clustering, strata and weight. Results We included survey responses from 456 343 adults. Over half of respondents (51.5%) reported having at least one permanent tooth removed because of tooth decay or gum disease in their lifetime. Daily e-cigarette use was reported by 4957 (1.1%) of respondents. In multivariable analysis, daily e-cigarette use, was independently associated with a 78% higher odds of poor oral health (adjusted OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.39–2.30; P < 0.001). Conclusions In a population-based health survey of US adults, self-reported health behavior and outcomes, daily use, but not intermittent use of e-cigarettes was independently associated with poor oral health. Care must be exercised in seeking ‘healthier’ cigarette alternatives.

scholarly journals Assessment of risk factors for early childhood caries at different ages in Shandong, China and reflections on oral health education: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Yanan Li ◽  
Chunchun Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Deciduous Dentition ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Different Ages

Abstract Background: The high prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) is widespread around the world, and oral health education (OHE) plays a vital role in preventing ECC. Numerous studies on ECC risk factor assessment have assisted us in enriching the content of OHE. The objective of this study was to further assess independent risk factors for ECC at different ages to provide evidence and insights for OHE.Methods: Children aged 3-5 years old (N=1301) in Shandong Province were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Data about oral health status and caregivers’ oral health knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) were extracted from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China. The associations between ECC prevalence and various KAP variables were tested with chi-square tests, bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression analyses.Results: The ECC prevalence in Shandong Province was 64.6%, and the dmft mean was 3.15. The independent variables with an increased risk for ECC were age, feeding method within 6 months of birth, bedtime sugar frequency, experience of toothache over the past year and dental visits (P<0.05, chi-square tests). Complete breastfeeding within 6 months of birth primarily contributed to the high ECC risk of the 3-year-old group (OR: 3.39, 95% CI: 1.41-8.17), while high frequency bedtime sweet consumption mainly contributed to that of the 5-year-old group (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.03-10.06; logistic regression analysis). Tooth brushing was not associated with ECC in this study, and some positive knowledge and attitude variables were positively correlated with a high risk of ECC.Conclusion: These data provide evidence to suggest that the ECC-related risk factors at different ages are inconsistent, which provides some insights for OHE. We should highlight the effects of feeding methods in the early stages of deciduous dentition and sugar habits in the late stages of deciduous dentition on ECC, as well as encourage preventive dental visit and supplemental training for oral health practices.

Role of school as supportive entity for positive oral health behaviour of adolescents in south-western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folake Barakat Lawal ◽  
Gbemisola Aderemi Oke
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Education ◽  
Oral Health Behaviour

Abstract Background The school is primed as an avenue for promoting health among adolescents. Conversely, the high unmet dental needs among school-going adolescents raises concern about the role of schools in this task. This study therefore assessed the role of schools in promoting positive oral health behaviour among adolescents through Capabilities, Opportunities, Motivation (COM-B) model in a Low-Income-Country.Methods Two thousand and ninety-seven students aged 12-18 years were recruited from 30 randomly selected Secondary Schools in a cross sectional study conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data on Capabilities; Oral Health Knowledge (K), Attitude (A), Practices (P) and Motivation of the students as well as oral health promotional (OHP) activities (Opportunities) in the schools were assessed through a questionnaire. A checklist was used to assess availability of OHP materials and the schools’ tuck shops for sale of healthy food (Opportunities). Data were analyzed with STATA version 14.Results The mean KAP score was 43.8 (± 11.4)%. Oral health education was the only activity reported and this was in 8 (26.7%) schools; only 331 (15.8%) students had been educated about their oral health. There were no oral health promotional materials in the schools. About half 1161 (55.4%) were motivated to participate in school oral health program. All the tucks shops had cariogenic foods and drinks for sale. Students who had better KAP scores - Capabilities (OR = 1.2, 95%CI = 1.0-1.5, p = 0.018) or had been educated about oral health - Opportunities (OR = 1.5, 95%CI = 1.2-2.0, p < 0.001) were better motivated about their oral health.Conclusion The schools surveyed played very little or no role to support positive oral health behavior of adolescents. There were no OHP materials in the schools. Students who had superior oral health KAP (capabilities) or had been exposed to oral health education (opportunities) were better motivated about their oral health.

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