Exercise and Caloric Restriction Improves Liver Damage in Metabolic Syndrome Model

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic hepatic pathology in Western countries. It encompasses a spectrum of conditions ranging from simple steatosis to more severe and progressive non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Obesity and related metabolic syndrome are important risk factors for the development of NAFLD, NASH and HCC. DUSP3 is a small dual-specificity protein phosphatase with a poorly known physiological function. We investigated its role in metabolic syndrome manifestations and in HCC using a mouse knockout (KO) model. While aging, DUSP3-KO mice became obese, exhibited insulin resistance, NAFLD and associated liver damage. These phenotypes were exacerbated under high fat diet (HFD). In addition, DEN administration combined to HFD led to rapid HCC development in DUSP3-KO compared to wild type (WT) mice. DUSP3-KO mice had more serum triglycerides, cholesterol, AST and ALT compared to control WT mice under both regular chow diet (CD) and HFD. The level of fasting insulin was higher compared to WT mice, though, fasting glucose as well as glucose tolerance were normal. At the molecular level, HFD led to decreased expression of DUSP3 in WT mice. DUSP3 deletion was associated with increased and consistent phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and with higher activation of the downstream signaling pathway. In conclusion, our results support a new role for DUSP3 in obesity, insulin resistance, NAFLD and liver damage.

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Metforminium Decavanadate (MetfDeca) Treatment Ameliorates Hippocampal Neurodegeneration and Recognition Memory in a Metabolic Syndrome Model

Neurochemical Research ◽

10.1007/s11064-021-03250-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 1151-1165

Author(s):

Alfonso Diaz ◽

Guadalupe Muñoz-Arenas ◽

Berenice Venegas ◽

Rubén Vázquez-Roque ◽

Gonzalo Flores ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Recognition Memory ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Model ◽

Hippocampal Neurodegeneration

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A serine protease inhibitor camostat mesilate prevents podocyte apoptosis and attenuates podocyte injury in metabolic syndrome model rats

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jphs.2021.04.003 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Teruhiko Mizumoto ◽

Yutaka Kakizoe ◽

Terumasa Nakagawa ◽

Yasunobu Iwata ◽

Yoshikazu Miyasato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Protease Inhibitor ◽

Serine Protease ◽

Serine Protease Inhibitor ◽

Podocyte Injury ◽

Camostat Mesilate ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Model

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The effect of physical exercise and caloric restriction on the components of metabolic syndrome

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1590/s1984-82502009000300003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 379-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal ◽

Mariana Dutilh de Capitani ◽

Julio Tirapegui

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Caloric Restriction ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Mass Reduction ◽

Current State ◽

Regular Physical Exercise

Recent studies of the effects of physical exercise and caloric restriction have found several benefits on the metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to metabolic syndrome (MS). This review examines the current state of knowledge of the effects of physical exercise on the main pathologies associated with MS: obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), dyslipidemias and hypertension. Although there are only a few randomized and controlled studies that evaluated the prevention and treatment of MS, strong evidence from controlled studies indicates that lifestyle changes that include regular physical exercise and caloric restriction are effective in preventing and treating DM2 in overweight individuals with reduced glucose tolerance. Likewise, epidemiologic studies suggest that regular physical exercise prevents the development of DM2 and cardiovascular disease. Based on current recommendations, it is important to increase the level of physical exercise at a moderate intensity to achieve good cardiorespiratory and muscular conditions and to promote fat mass reduction, with consequent reductions of risk of developing metabolic syndrome.

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Interleukin‐17/interleukin‐17 receptor axis elicits intestinal neutrophil migration, restrains gut dysbiosis and lipopolysaccharide translocation in high‐fat diet‐induced metabolic syndrome model

Immunology ◽

10.1111/imm.13028 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 156 (4) ◽

pp. 339-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Malena M. Pérez ◽

Larissa M. S. Martins ◽

Murilo S. Dias ◽

Camila A. Pereira ◽

Jefferson A. Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Neutrophil Migration ◽

Interleukin 17 ◽

High Fat ◽

Gut Dysbiosis ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Model

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology ◽

10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-183-11-25-33 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 183 (11) ◽

pp. 25-33

Author(s):

S. N. Jadhav ◽

V. G. Radchenko

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The purpose of the study was to determine the frequency and nature of manifestations of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with the background of metabolic syndrome (MS).Characteristics of patients and research methods: To solve this problem, 227 patients with MS (130 men and 97 women) were examined. The study was conducted in two phases. At the ﬁrst stage, all patients with MS are divided into two groups: patients with NAFLD — 205 people and 22 — without liver damage. At the next stage, a group of NAFLD patients with left ventricular DD (n=136) (66.34%) (the main group) and patients with no DD (n=69) (33.66%) (the comparison group) were identiﬁed.Results of the study: the results of diagnostics, clinical and laboratory manifestations of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in 136 patients with NAFLD on the background of metabolic syndrome are Presented. Signiﬁcant factors of development and progression of diastolic dysfunction were identiﬁed, which include increased body weight and adipose tissue, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, activity and stage of liver damage. According to the data of structural and functional changes in the myocardium, the role of diastolic dysfunction in the development of chronic heart failure in patients with NAFLD with manifestations of metabolic syndrome has been established.Conclusion: it was Found that the development of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with NAFLD is due to the morphofunctional state of the liver.

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Serum and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid levels may be used as biomarkers to assess the severity of NAFLD

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology ◽

10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-191-7-12-22 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 12-22

Author(s):

M. V. Kruchinina ◽

M. V. Parulikova ◽

S. A. Kurilovich ◽

A. A. Gromov ◽

M. V. Shashkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Erythrocyte Membranes ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Necroinflammatory Activity ◽

Severe Fibrosis

The aim of this work is to study the possibility of using blood serum (BS) fatty acids (FA) and erythrocytes (ER) as diagnostic markers of the severity of NAFLD. Materials and methods. We examined 52 patients with NAFLD (51.8 ± 3.9 years), confirmed by the NLFS index, and 20 apparently healthy men (49.2 ± 4.5 years). The degree of liver fibrosis was established by indirect elastometry (FibroScan® 502 Echosens, France). 27 patients had an initial degree of fibrosis (F0-1), 25 had severe fibrosis (F2-4). The study of the composition of fatty acids of Er and BS was carried out using a GC / MS system based on three Agilent 7000B quadrupoles (USA). Results. Significant differences in the levels of fatty acids in blood serum and erythrocyte membranes in patients with NAFLD were revealed, associated with the degree of fibrosis and necroinflammatory activity. To distinguish between mild and severe fibrosis in NAFLD, the levels of saturated fatty acids (myristic, pentadecane, margarine) and omega-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic) were found to be significant (p = 0.002-0.0003). Saturated and monounsaturated FAs (palmitelaidic, palmitoleic, vaccenic) played a key role in differentiating the degree of necroinflammatory activity (minimal versus pronounced) (p = 0.03-0.005). The created diagnostic panels (FA of blood serum and erythrocyte membranes) made it possible to differentiate patients with NAFLD with varying degrees of fibrosis. Correlations of FA levels in erythrocyte membranes and blood serum with manifestations of metabolic syndrome, indicators of liver damage in patients with NAFLD were revealed. Conclusions. The established differences in fatty acid profiles of blood serum and erythrocyte membranes in patients with NAFLD, associated with the degree of fibrosis, necroinflammatory activity, manifestations of metabolic syndrome and indicators of liver damage, should be considered as promising biomarkers for assessing the severity of NAFLD.

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