scholarly journals Development of a Custom Extracorporeal Circuit for Endovascular Resuscitation Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J Morrison ◽  
Hossam Abdou ◽  
Michael Richmond ◽  
Marta J Madurska ◽  
Noha Elansary
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Root ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Peristaltic Pump ◽  
Extracorporeal Circuit ◽  
Extracorporeal Circuits ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Aortic Cannula ◽  
Set Up

Background: To demonstrate the utility and applicability of in vitro extracorporeal circuits in endovascular resuscitation research. Methods: The method for building an inexpensive in vitro extracorporeal circuit for endovascular resuscitation research is described. In this study, aortic cannulas and pump combinations were evaluated in the in vitro extracorporeal circuit. Then one aortic cannula and pump set up was evaluated in a post-mortem swine model. Flow data was collected and compared among groups. Results: The peristaltic pump generated the highest flow as compared to the other pump combinations at any given catheter size. The peristaltic pump combined with the 10 Fr cannula produced the highest flow overall at 2304 mL/min. This same combination produced a peak flow of 886 ml/min at the aortic root in the swine model. Conclusions: The flow generated in the swine model was less than half of that generated in the in vitro model. However, all flow was channeled through one outflow tract in the in vitro model whereas the swine aorta has several branches of outflow. As such, a 50% reduction in flow or greater is anticipated at the level of the aortic root. An in vitro extracorporeal circuit for endovascular research can be built for less than $10,000, with most of the materials being reusable, and can be used to generate representative data that may be anticipated in a swine model.  

scholarly journals Ovine fetuses from slaughterhouses: A useful source for neural cell primary cultures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Farina ◽  
Sergio Domenico Gadau ◽  
Gianluca Lepore ◽  
Marcella Carcupino ◽  
Marco Zedda
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Very High ◽  
Β Tubulin

A lot of evidence demonstrates that sheep could represent an experimental model to set up medical procedures in view of their application on humans. Sheep are chosen as models for human biomechanical studies because their skeleton has some similarities to humans. The aim of this work was to set up sheep primary cultures from ovine fetuses at different ages, from pregnant uteri retrieved at local abattoirs. Cell characterization showed that one cell population was immunopositive to GFAP and identifiable as astrocytes, whereas a second cell type was III β-tubulin-positive, and hence classified as neurons. At 60-day old fetus is suitable to obtain neurons, whereas in a 90-day old fetus the cell culture is predominantly characterized by glial cells. The procedure here proposed is inexpensive, in fact, collecting fetuses during sheep slaughtering is a cost-saving option, unlike common experimental animals such as mice, rats, rabbits, that require very high economical efforts. Finally, our protocol fully eliminates the need of animal killing, being living animals replaced by a validated in vitro model in agreement with the 3Rs statement.

Design of a Physiologic Pulsatile Flow Cardiopulmonary Bypass System for Neonates and Infants

1996 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ündar ◽  
T.M. Runge ◽  
O.L. Miller ◽  
M.C. Felger ◽  
R. Lansing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Pulsatile Flow ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Extracorporeal Circuit ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
Extracorporeal Circuits ◽  
Aortic Cannula

Cardiopulmonary bypass surgical techniques that allow a surgeon to operate on the infant's heart use an extracorporeal circuit consisting of a pump, oxygenator, arterial and venous reservoirs, cannulae, an arterial filter, and tubing. The extracorporeal technique currently used in infants and neonates is sometimes associated with neurologic damage. We are developing a modified cardiopulmonary bypass system for neonates that has been tested in vitro and in one animal in vivo. Unlike other extracorporeal circuits which use steady flow, this system utilizes pulsatile flow, a low prime volume (500ml) and a closed circuit. During in vitro experiments, the pseudo patient's mean arterial pressure was kept constant at 40 mmHg and the extracorporeal circuit pressure did not exceed a mean pressure of 200 mmHg. In our single in vivo experiment, the primary objective was to determine whether physiologic pulsatility with a 10F (3.3 mm) aortic cannula could be achieved. The results suggest that this is possible.

scholarly journals Ovine fetuses from slaughterhouses: a useful source for neural cell primary cultures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Farina ◽  
Sergio Domenico Gadau ◽  
Gianluca Lepore ◽  
Marcella Carcupino ◽  
Marco Zedda
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
Very High

AbstractA lot of evidence demonstrates that sheep could represent an experimental model to set up medical procedures in a view of their application on humans. Sheep are chosen as model for human biomechanical studies because their skeleton has some similarities with humans. Sheep are gyrencephalic so the cerebral cortex can show valuable signposts to identify particular cortical regions, unlike rats that are lissencephalic animals. The aim of this work was to set up sheep primary cultures from ovine fetuses at different ages, from pregnant uteri retrieved at local abattoirs. Cell characterization demonstrated that one cell population was immunopositive to GFAP and identifiable as astrocytes, whereas a second cell type was III β-tubulin-positive, and hence classified as neurons. A 60 day old fetus is suitable to obtain neurons, whereas in a 90 day old fetus the cell culture is predominantly characterized by glial cells. The procedure here proposed is inexpensive. Indeed, the fetuses casually found during sheep slaughtering have no cost, unlike the classical experimental animals, such as mice, rats, rabbits, that require very high economical efforts. Finally, our protocol fully eliminates the need of animal killing, being living animals replaced by a validated in vitro model in agreement with the 3Rs statement.

An in vitro model for investigation of vitamin A effects on wound healing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hoda Keshmiri Neghab ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar ◽  
Gholamreza Esmaeeli Djavid
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Migration ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitro Model

Abstract. Wound healing consists of a series of highly orderly overlapping processes characterized by hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Prolongation or interruption in each phase can lead to delayed wound healing or a non-healing chronic wound. Vitamin A is a crucial nutrient that is most beneficial for the health of the skin. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of vitamin A on regeneration, angiogenesis, and inflammation characteristics in an in vitro model system during wound healing. For this purpose, mouse skin normal fibroblast (L929), human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and monocyte/macrophage-like cell line (RAW 264.7) were considered to evaluate proliferation, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory responses, respectively. Vitamin A (0.1–5 μM) increased cellular proliferation of L929 and HUVEC (p < 0.05). Similarly, it stimulated angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration up to approximately 4 fold and interestingly tube formation up to 8.5 fold (p < 0.01). Furthermore, vitamin A treatment was shown to decrease the level of nitric oxide production in a dose-dependent effect (p < 0.05), exhibiting the anti-inflammatory property of vitamin A in accelerating wound healing. These results may reveal the therapeutic potential of vitamin A in diabetic wound healing by stimulating regeneration, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation responses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document