The Environmental Reporting Bill 2014

10.26686/wgtn.17007841 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Amy Boyes

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Policy Development ◽

The State ◽

Comprehensive Assessment ◽

Environmental Reporting ◽

Current State ◽

State Of The Environment

This paper reviews the development of State of the Environment Reporting both internationally, and with a specific emphasis on Environmental Reporting In New Zealand. It provides a summary of the various uses of State of the Environment Reports and their use in policy development, and highlights the importance of reporting independence from Executive Governments to ensure that the State of the Environment Reports are accurate and trusted. The essay provides a brief description and analysis of the two main frameworks used in State of the Environment Reports, and compares them to the framework developed by the Ministry for the Environment for use in New Zealand. The essay then goes on to discuss the Environmental Reporting Bill introduced by the New Zealand Government in February 2014. The essay concludes that the Environmental Reporting Bill in its current state has serious flaws that will result in State of the Environment Reports that are not independent and will not provide a comprehensive assessment of the state of New Zealand's environment.

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METHOD OF DETERMINING THE ECOLOGICAL COMPONENT QUALITY OF LIFE

Municipal economy of cities ◽

10.33042/2522-1809-2021-4-164-220-233 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (164) ◽

pp. 220-233

Author(s):

O. Rybalova ◽

O. Bryhada ◽

O. Ilinskyi

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

General System ◽

Environmental Indicators ◽

The State ◽

Comprehensive Assessment ◽

New Method ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Separate Block ◽

State Of The Environment

The work examines modern methodological approaches to assessing the quality of life using environmental indicators. Analysis of the existing methods in Ukraine for determining the environmental component when measuring the quality of life showed the need to develop a new method for a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment. This is due to the fact that the existing methodology for assessing the quality of life does not take into account the ecological component as a separate block of indicators, and also contains some inaccuracies in the formulas for calculating the final indicator. In this regard, a new method is proposed for determining the ecological component in the general system for assessing the quality of life of the population, which is the scientific novelty of the work. Based on the analysis of monitoring data on the quality of air, surface waters and soils of Ukraine, statistical reporting on environmental indicators of the development of regions of Ukraine, intermediate indicator indicators are calculated, and then the final complex indicator of the state of the environment is determined. Calculation formulas and assessment scales in points of the state of environmental components are proposed. The proposed method is based on the processing of data from official state statistics and environmental monitoring, which determines the reliability of the initial data. The proposed technique can easily be used as an algorithm for computerized calculations of the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment. The calculation of the indicator of the ecological state was made on the basis of current statistical data, which showed the need for immediate environmental protection measures in the industrially developed regions of Ukraine: Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Dnepropetrovsk and Lugansk regions.

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Selection of indicator species for State of the Environment reporting: A case study from New Zealand

Pacific Conservation Biology ◽

10.1071/pc100076 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 76 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Joanne M. Hoare ◽

Colin F. J. O’Donnell ◽

Elaine F. Wright

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Indicator Species ◽

Species Concepts ◽

Monitoring Data ◽

Environmental Reporting ◽

Environmental Attributes ◽

State Of The Environment ◽

Selection Of

Indicator species approaches are widely used in conservation as a shortcut to measuring attributes of species and ecosystems. A variety of indicator species concepts are in use and are applicable to a range of situations. Indicator species are increasingly being used in environmental reporting to evaluate trends in environmental attributes quantitatively. We use the most recent State of the Environment report from New Zealand as a case study to evaluate: (1) how indicator species concepts are being applied to environmental reporting and (2) the selection of individual species as indicators. At present indicator species used in environmental reporting in New Zealand reflect biases in national monitoring data towards forest-dwelling, terrestrial vertebrates that are vulnerable to predation by introduced mammals. Scientific literature generally supports links between selected taxa and the aspect of ecosystem health they are purported to indicate, but their roles as long-term indicators of environmental health have yet to be evaluated. A primary goal of State of the Environment reporting is to set a benchmark against which environmental outcomes can be monitored over time; thus it is recognized that taxa reported should represent a broader range of environmental attributes. However, selection of taxa for environmental reporting is severely constrained by limited national species monitoring data. A strategic approach to national measurement, storage and analysis of long-term monitoring data is required to support selection of representative species for environmental reporting. We support current initiatives to select taxa for future measurement and reporting in an objective, transparent manner and recommend that they encompass representation of: (1) taxonomic diversity, (2) ecosystem types, (3) key environmental pressures and (4) threat status.

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An Integrated Approach to Redistribution: Issues of Policy, Economics and Information

10.26686/wgtn.16947322 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Mark Prebble

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Policy Development ◽

Personal Information ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Well Being ◽

The State ◽

Philosophical Foundations ◽

The Government ◽

The Individual ◽

The Right

This thesis considers how best to administer redistribution policies. It focuses particularly on the information needed to assess relative circumstances, the implications of the government collecting such information, and processes by which the appropriate information may be assembled and assessed. In New Zealand, as with many other OECD nations, the Government's redistribution policies are administered through a range of different agencies, with duplication in some areas and gaps in others. An integrated approach to redistribution systems may offer a means to improve equity and efficiency. Part One discusses the assessment of relative well-being, and adopts the choice set as the intellectual device for this purpose. The time period for the assessment of income is examined in detail, with the conclusion that a long period should be used except where the individual is constrained to operate under a short time horizon. A new concept of "bankability" is developed as a means of identifying those operating under such constraints. Part Two uses the philosophical foundations of the value of privacy to develop a new statement of the right to privacy, such that everyone should be protected against the requirement to divulge information, unless that information is the "business" of another party. A view on the business of the state depends on one's ideology of the state. Since it is generally accepted in New Zealand in the late twentieth century that the state has a role in redistribution, the state has some right to collect information for that purpose. However, the rights of the state are moderated by the existence of a common law tradition of respect for individuals. A set of criteria for evaluating redistribution systems is devised in Part Three. These criteria, which include consideration of the information to be collected, individual control over personal information, and administrative simplicity, are then used to identify significant weaknesses in the systems currently used in New Zealand. The main problems identified are the collection of inadequate information, duplication, and complex institutional structures; the main virtue of the current systems is that information provided is only used for the purpose for which it was provided. An alternative approach is outlined which would address the problems while retaining the current protection of privacy interests. This thesis is a mix of inter-disciplinary academic enquiry and policy development. Part One is an amalgam of economic and philosophical approaches, Part Two involves philosophy and politics, and Part Three applies the theoretical considerations to issues of public administration.

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Prevention of a destructive attitude towards the environment as a condition of life safety in the ecosystem: criminological aspects

Law. Human. Environment ◽

10.31548/law2020.03.018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Khomiachenko Svitlana ◽

◽

Korniakova Tetiana ◽

Yuzikova Nataliia ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Policy ◽

Local Effect ◽

Environmental Crime ◽

The State ◽

Life Safety ◽

Current State ◽

Global And Local ◽

State Of The Environment ◽

Criminological Analysis

The article provides a criminological analysis of the current state and trends of environmental crime in Ukraine as well as identifies the structure of environmental crime. The article identifies the most common types of environmental crime, including those that have global and local effect. According to the results of the research, a system of combating environmental crime is proposed supplementing it with the description and characterization of its components. An execution of systematic targeted control over the state of the environment combined with a prevention of environmental crimes by the state, society and individual citizens will become a counterbalance to the destructive attitude towards the environment and, accordingly, the basis for life safety in the ecosystem. Keywords: determinants of crime, crimes against the environment, ecology, environmental policy, judicial statistics

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The State of Globality in a (Post)-COVID World

New Global Studies ◽

10.1515/ngs-2021-0003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Manfred B. Steger

Keyword(s):

Structural Dynamics ◽

Causal Relation ◽

Space Time ◽

The State ◽

Comprehensive Assessment ◽

Global Studies ◽

Dominant Form ◽

Crucial Question ◽

Time Compression ◽

Current State

Abstract This article assesses the current state of globality in light of the ongoing COVID-19 crisis. It opens with a concise survey of influential meanings and uses of “globality” in extant global studies literature. Offering clarifications and definitions of two pertinent keywords – “globality” and “globalization” – this overview provides a careful conceptual delineation of these two concepts as a prerequisite for determining their causal relation: globalization (the process) shapes globality (the condition). It is argued that the widening disjunctures and cleavages among the major globalization dynamics are transforming the hitherto dominant form of globality. Yielding a plausible response to the crucial question of how globality itself has been transformed by globalization, the clarification of the major structural dynamics linking the disjunctive processes of space-time compression to the restructuring of the mutable condition of worldwide interconnectedness facilitates a comprehensive assessment of the current state of globality. The article ends with a brief speculation on the future of globality and the prospects for overcoming the negative social impacts of disjunctive globalization.

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Financing Education

The New Zealand Annual Review of Education ◽

10.26686/nzaroe.v0i3.1070 ◽

1993 ◽

Author(s):

Bob Stephens

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

New Zealand ◽

Political Parties ◽

Policy Development ◽

The State ◽

State Funding ◽

International Standards ◽

Policy Proposals ◽

Financing Education

Although education was an issue of major concern to voters in the lead-up to the 1993 election, and political parties responded with a variety of policy proposals, there was a noticeable reticence for further state funding of education. By international standards, tax levels are low in New Zealand, as is participation by tertiary standards. But whether increases in Vote: Education are the best use of further tax dollars depends on philosophical stances as to the nature of education. The human capital school argue for increased fees, whilst those who regard education as a right have to realise that quality may suffer if the state is the sole funder. Provision and policy development based in Iwi and Maori worlds are not covered.

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COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL CITY

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-8-686-692 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 97 (8) ◽

pp. 686-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Oleg V. Klepikov ◽

S. A. Samoylov ◽

I. B. Ushakov ◽

V. I. Popov ◽

S. A. Kurolap

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Health Risks ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

The State ◽

Comprehensive Assessment ◽

Anthropogenic Load ◽

Road Noise ◽

State Of The Environment ◽

The City

The aim of the study was a comprehensive analysis of the state of the environment in the industrialized city of Voronezh to justify measures to protect the environment and prevent the morbidity of the population. Material and methods. The study uses materials from the regional information fund for social and hygienic monitoring, which is implemented on the basis of the Federal State Health Care Institution “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region” under the “Environment” section for the last 5 years. The methods of the comprehensive assessment of anthropogenic load on the environment and methods for assessing the health risks of the population due to environmental factors are applied. Results. The anthropogenic load on the environment has been established to be significantly higher in the territories with the predominant negative influence of the industrial sector (Coefficient of complex anthropogenic load (CL = 13.29)) and motor traffic loads (CL = 14.65) relative to the relatively prosperous territory (CL = 7.97). Among the analyzed factors (air pollution, drinking water quality, soil contamination in the residential area, road noise), the leading contribution of the aerotechnogenic factor to the formation of the level of anthropogenic load in the urban area (58.1-58.5%) was determined on the basis of a comprehensive hygienic assessment. An assessment of the health risks of the population showed the priority of the adverse impact of air pollution and road noise on the city residents. According to the degree of carcinogenic danger, the most unfavorable situation is observed in the industrial area near the aircraft plant and the plant for the production of synthetic rubber, where high levels of total individual carcinogenic risk (chrome+6, soot, acrolein, formaldehyde), more than 1∙10-4, less than 1∙10-3, which is classified as a hazardous risk. The unacceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (HQ>1) in the industrial area is exceeded by 4 out of 14 controlled substances: acrolein, nitric oxide, copper oxide, chromium+6. When assessing the unidirectional effects of substances, an unacceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (HI>1) was found to be characteristic for the development of the pathology if respiratory, cardiovascular, hemopoietic (blood) and endocrine system. The risk of disrupting the health of the urban population at existing levels of noise from road transport exceeds acceptable values. The highest risk indices for health from the effects of transport noise are characteristic for diseases of the cardiovascular system. As the age (probable duration of the exposure time) increases from 10 to 35 years, the risk level is estimated as average (the risk ranges from 0.051 to 0.342 units), from 40 to 45 years - as high (from 0.352 to 0.591), from 50 to 70 years - as extreme (from 0.607 to 1). The identified problems must be solved in the context of the overall development of the city.

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A strain of heroes

Pacific Journalism Review – Te Koakoa ◽

10.24135/pjr.v19i2.215 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Barry King

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Public Culture ◽

The State ◽

Current State ◽

Key Concepts ◽

State Of Affairs

The concept of scandal is a central trope of today’s journalism, ranging from political coverage of the affairs of state down to the state of affairs in the celebrity press and media. Not only is there an apparently inexhaustible public appetite for rumours, speculations and provable dark deeds and saucy goings-on fed by scandals but also a considerable section of professional journalists and photojournalists earn their crust from it. In this introductory commentary some of the key concepts defining celebrity and scandal are introduced and some observations on the current state of public culture in New Zealand are examined.

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An Integrated Approach to Redistribution: Issues of Policy, Economics and Information

10.26686/wgtn.16947322.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Mark Prebble

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Policy Development ◽

Personal Information ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Well Being ◽

The State ◽

Philosophical Foundations ◽

The Government ◽

The Individual ◽

The Right

This thesis considers how best to administer redistribution policies. It focuses particularly on the information needed to assess relative circumstances, the implications of the government collecting such information, and processes by which the appropriate information may be assembled and assessed. In New Zealand, as with many other OECD nations, the Government's redistribution policies are administered through a range of different agencies, with duplication in some areas and gaps in others. An integrated approach to redistribution systems may offer a means to improve equity and efficiency. Part One discusses the assessment of relative well-being, and adopts the choice set as the intellectual device for this purpose. The time period for the assessment of income is examined in detail, with the conclusion that a long period should be used except where the individual is constrained to operate under a short time horizon. A new concept of "bankability" is developed as a means of identifying those operating under such constraints. Part Two uses the philosophical foundations of the value of privacy to develop a new statement of the right to privacy, such that everyone should be protected against the requirement to divulge information, unless that information is the "business" of another party. A view on the business of the state depends on one's ideology of the state. Since it is generally accepted in New Zealand in the late twentieth century that the state has a role in redistribution, the state has some right to collect information for that purpose. However, the rights of the state are moderated by the existence of a common law tradition of respect for individuals. A set of criteria for evaluating redistribution systems is devised in Part Three. These criteria, which include consideration of the information to be collected, individual control over personal information, and administrative simplicity, are then used to identify significant weaknesses in the systems currently used in New Zealand. The main problems identified are the collection of inadequate information, duplication, and complex institutional structures; the main virtue of the current systems is that information provided is only used for the purpose for which it was provided. An alternative approach is outlined which would address the problems while retaining the current protection of privacy interests. This thesis is a mix of inter-disciplinary academic enquiry and policy development. Part One is an amalgam of economic and philosophical approaches, Part Two involves philosophy and politics, and Part Three applies the theoretical considerations to issues of public administration.

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