Manipulating Sodium Caseinate Behaviour at the Interface: Applications for Concentrated Emulsion Formulation

10.26686/wgtn.17008270.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Mario Jesús Alayón Marichal

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Protein Conformation ◽

Sodium Caseinate ◽

Continuous Phase ◽

Flow Behaviour ◽

System Response ◽

Creep Recovery ◽

Physicochemical Changes ◽

Dependent Flow

<p>The effect of ionic strength, pH and droplet size distribution on the stability and rheological properties of concentrated emulsions formed using sodium caseinate was investigated. The emulsions were formulated with soybean oil concentration between 50 and 70 wt% and 1 wt% protein. In order to understand the role and response of the sodium caseinate interfacial thin film to physicochemical changes to the continuous phase the behaviour of sodium caseinate at the air-water and oil-water interfaces, as a function of pH and ionic strength, was studied using Langmuir trough, surface potential and pendant drop methods. Changes in measured system response can be explained by considering changes to protein conformation. Upon increasing ionic strength the data fit with the protein conformation changing from those states where the protein extends into the aqueous phase to those where it essentially lies flat on the interface. Aggregation and dispersion of the protein at the interfaces were detected at different pH values. Also, the buffer capacity of sodium caseinate was evaluated by preparing protein solutions at different pH and ionic strengths. Bridging flocculation and creaming occurred in the emulsions investigated, evaluated via static light scattering and Cryo-SEM. Emulsions with the appearance and texture of liquid-like through to gel-like were formulated by seemingly small changes to the ionic strength and pH of the aqueous phase. Shear-thinning was the flow behaviour of the emulsions with a shear dependent flow response that was function of the parameters evaluated. Time-dependent flow behaviour was detected for the emulsions at a low shear rate and they showed rheopexy behaviour. Viscoelastic properties of the emulsions and the interaction between the droplets were evaluated by strain sweep and creep-recovery tests.</p>

Download Full-text

Extraction of hafnium(IV) with organophosphorus reagents from solutions of mineral acids mixtures

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19793656 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (12) ◽

pp. 3656-3664

Author(s):

Oldřich Navrátil ◽

Jiří Smola ◽

Rostislav Kolouch

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Organic Phase ◽

Perchloric Acid ◽

Synergic Effect ◽

Salting Out ◽

Initial Concentration ◽

Mixed Complexes ◽

Synergic Extraction ◽

Mineral Acids

Extraction of hafnium(IV) was studied from solutions of mixtures of perchloric and nitric acids and of perchloric and hydrochloric acids for constant ionic strength, I = 2, 4, 6, or 8, and for cHf 4 . 10-4 mol l-1. The organic phase was constituted by solutions of some acidic or neutral organophosphorus reagents or of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone, or N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine in benzene, chloroform, or n-octane. A pronounced synergic extraction of hafnium proceeds only on applying organophosphorus reagents from an aqueous phase whose acidity is not lower than 3M-(HClO4 + HNO3) or 5M-(HClO4 + HCl). The synergic effect was not affected markedly by a variation of the initial concentration of hafnium in the range 1 . 10-8 -4 .10-4 mol l-1, it lowered with increasing initial concentration of the organophosphorus reagent and decreasing concentration of the H+ ions. It is suggested that the hafnium passes into the organic phase in the form of mixed complexes, the salting-out effect of perchloric acid playing an appreciable part.

Download Full-text

Extraction of hafnium by means of some substituted 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazol-5-ones

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19811901 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 1901-1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Oldřich Navrátil ◽

Jiří Smola

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Dissociation Constants ◽

Parent Substance ◽

Benzoyl Group ◽

Extraction Constants ◽

Extraction Parameters ◽

Substituted 1

Distribution between aqueous phase and benzene or chloroform was studied for 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoylpyrazol-5-ones with 2-chloro, 4-methoxy, 3-nitro, and 4-nitro substitution in the benzoyl group (ionic strength of the aqueous phase 0.1) and for hafnium in their presence (ionic strength 2.0). The distribution and dissociation constants of the reagents and the extraction constants of their hafnium complexes were determined. Hafnium was found to be extracted as the HfA4 species. The extraction parameters of the derivatives in question do not differ substantially from those of the parent substance.

Download Full-text

Influence of intracrystalline ionic strength in MFI zeolites on aqueous phase dehydration of methylcyclohexanols

Angewandte Chemie ◽

10.1002/ange.202107947 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lara Milaković ◽

Peter Hintermeier ◽

Yue Liu ◽

Eszter Barath ◽

Johannes Lercher

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Mfi Zeolites

Download Full-text

EUROPIUM OXALATE ION ASSOCIATION IN WATER

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v66-447 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 44 (24) ◽

pp. 3057-3062 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

P. G. Manning

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Ionic Strength ◽

Stability Constant ◽

Stability Constants ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Sodium Acetate ◽

Ion Association ◽

Sodium Oxalate ◽

Aqueous Sodium ◽

Oxalate Ion

The partitioning of radiotracer 152/151Eu between aqueous sodium oxalate (Na2L) solutions and toluene solutions of thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA) has been studied as a function of the oxalate concentration. The pH of the aqueous phase was controlled by means of sodium acetate – acetic acid mixtures and the ionic strength (I) by NaCl or NaClO4.At low ionic strengths (~0.05) and [L] ~10−4 M EuL+ formed, but at I = 0.95 and [L] ~10−3 M EuL2− also formed. Stability constants for the 1:1 and 1:2 (metal:ligand) complexes are reported.The magnitudes of the stepwise stability constant ratios are discussed.

Download Full-text

The influence of negatively charged silica nanoparticles on the surface properties of anionic surfactants: electrostatic repulsion or the effect of ionic strength?

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/c9cp05475h ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 2238-2248 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Milad Eftekhari ◽

Karin Schwarzenberger ◽

Aliyar Javadi ◽

Kerstin Eckert

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Silica Nanoparticles ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Surface Activity ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Anionic Surfactants ◽

Electrostatic Repulsion ◽

Charged Nanoparticles

The presence of negatively charged nanoparticles affects the surface activity of anionic surfactants in an aqueous phase. This effect is mainly caused by the change in ionic strength of the system resulted from the addition of nanoparticles.

Download Full-text

Water soluble inner aqueous phase markers as indicators of the encapsulation properties of water-in-oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with sodium caseinate

Food Hydrocolloids ◽

10.1016/j.foodhyd.2009.06.009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 2339-2345 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Jonathan O' Regan ◽

Daniel M. Mulvihill

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Phase ◽

Sodium Caseinate ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Oil In Water

Download Full-text

Influence of Aqueous-Phase Ionic Strength and Composition on the Dynamics of Water–Crude Oil Interfacial Film Formation

Energy & Fuels ◽

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01841 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

pp. 9170-9180 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mehrnoosh Moradi ◽

Vladimir Alvarado

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Aqueous Phase ◽

Film Formation ◽

Interfacial Film

Download Full-text

Breakdown and reassociation of bacterial spinae

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m82-121 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 28 (7) ◽

pp. 795-808

Author(s):

K. B. Easterbrook ◽

R. W. Coombs

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Protein Conformation ◽

High Ionic Strength ◽

Random Coil ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Calcium Effect ◽

Α Helix ◽

Low Ionic Strength ◽

Β Sheet ◽

Polymeric Structures

The tubular appendage, spina (Easterbrook and Coombs. 1976. Can. J. Microbiol. 22: 438–440), dissociates most efficiently under conditions of low ionic strength (0.01 M), high pH (10), and high temperature (95 °C). The protomer, spinin, thus produced is stable under these conditions and reassociates on cooling to give two distinct filamentous polymeric structures that differ in their stability, protein conformation, and reassociation characteristics. Under conditions of low ionic strength (0.01 M), reassociation is relatively slow and leads to a product that has significant amounts of α-helix in addition to the high β-sheet component; under conditions of high ionic strength (1 M), reassociation is rapid and the non-β-sheet component is in the random coil configuration. Since polymerization of the latter structure is "seeded" by either endogenous or exogenously supplied spina fragments, the protomers comprising it are assumed to be in the same conformation as in the spinae. High ionic strength induces folding of the protomer, multimeric association, and finally, elongation by a temperature-dependent process. Reassociation appears to be pH (6–10) independent and, apart from a possible minor calcium effect, cation nonspecific.

Download Full-text