scholarly journals The Watchman

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rhidian Scott-Towers
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cultural Transition ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Criminal Rehabilitation ◽  
Population Crisis ◽  
Principle Objective

<p>Over the course of the last five years, the female prison population in New Zealand has risen more than 56%. As these numbers remain exponentially increasing, the ability to uphold successful facilitation for each and every inmate is weakening. This is largely a result of poor and incorrect implementation of criminal rehabilitation schemes. Upon release, confusion, fear, and the sheer overwhelm of exposure to the culture contained within modern day society gives appeal to recidivism, and leads to the escalation of the prison population crisis.  In response to this escalating crisis — advancing the search for alternative means of successful criminal rehabilitation — this research explores the enablement of architecture to have a rehabilitative function within a prison environment, as well as the reduction of recidivism through didactic architectural experience.  This research proposes that the decommissioned Mount Crawford Prison in Wellington New Zealand can be redesigned to test this opportunity. As a research site, it can be used to test how design can enhance the rehabilitation process of a prisoner in the cultural transition from incarceration to society.  The research approach integrates Michel Foucault’s theory “Of Other Spaces” to address the first principle objective of this research investigation, and develop architecture that encourages prison inhabitants to reinterpret dystopian experience through the lens of heterotopia; Cathy Ganoe’s theory “Design as Narrative: A theory of inhabiting space” to address the second principle objective of this research investigation, and develop architecture that establishes a spatial experiential narrative about a person’s transforming interpretation of their surroundings; Daniel Merritt Hewett’s theory “Architecture and the Productive Implications of Pause” to address the third principle objective of this research investigation, as a means of establishing strategic points of pause along the journey of the spatial experiential narrative, that enable enhanced understanding of heterotopia. Kalervo Oberg’s theory of culture shock is also integrated as a means of developing an understanding of the cultural transition from incarceration to liberation.</p>

scholarly journals The Watchman

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rhidian Scott-Towers
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cultural Transition ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Criminal Rehabilitation ◽  
Population Crisis ◽  
Principle Objective

<p>Over the course of the last five years, the female prison population in New Zealand has risen more than 56%. As these numbers remain exponentially increasing, the ability to uphold successful facilitation for each and every inmate is weakening. This is largely a result of poor and incorrect implementation of criminal rehabilitation schemes. Upon release, confusion, fear, and the sheer overwhelm of exposure to the culture contained within modern day society gives appeal to recidivism, and leads to the escalation of the prison population crisis.  In response to this escalating crisis — advancing the search for alternative means of successful criminal rehabilitation — this research explores the enablement of architecture to have a rehabilitative function within a prison environment, as well as the reduction of recidivism through didactic architectural experience.  This research proposes that the decommissioned Mount Crawford Prison in Wellington New Zealand can be redesigned to test this opportunity. As a research site, it can be used to test how design can enhance the rehabilitation process of a prisoner in the cultural transition from incarceration to society.  The research approach integrates Michel Foucault’s theory “Of Other Spaces” to address the first principle objective of this research investigation, and develop architecture that encourages prison inhabitants to reinterpret dystopian experience through the lens of heterotopia; Cathy Ganoe’s theory “Design as Narrative: A theory of inhabiting space” to address the second principle objective of this research investigation, and develop architecture that establishes a spatial experiential narrative about a person’s transforming interpretation of their surroundings; Daniel Merritt Hewett’s theory “Architecture and the Productive Implications of Pause” to address the third principle objective of this research investigation, as a means of establishing strategic points of pause along the journey of the spatial experiential narrative, that enable enhanced understanding of heterotopia. Kalervo Oberg’s theory of culture shock is also integrated as a means of developing an understanding of the cultural transition from incarceration to liberation.</p>

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Investigation of the Sociocultural Adaptation of Brazilian Students in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica Williamson
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Cultural Transition ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
Brazilian Students ◽  
New Zealanders

<p>Global mobility means increasing numbers of individuals are exposed to potentially stressful experiences in their cross-cultural transition. A process of cultural learning is required to overcome differences between host and home culture during sociocultural adaptation. To study this process, this thesis employed a mixed-methods approach examining adaptive trajectory over a six-month educational exchange. The study analysed a unique population of 279 Brazilian high school students from low SES backgrounds arriving in New Zealand. Results from cross-lagged panel models in Study 1 indicated that higher initial ratings of English progress led to subsequent higher levels of interactions with New Zealanders three months after, which then led to higher ratings of language progress at the final time-point. A longitudinal mediation showed interaction with New Zealanders at the mid-point of the sojourn helped explain increased English ability over time. No longitudinal relations were observed for culture shock, indicating the influence of language progress and interactions with host culture on culture shock may vary across populations. In Study 2, we used thematic analysis on students’ open-ended interview responses to examine what their experiences in the new culture were. Three themes were identified: opportunities, difficulties, and general feelings. The identified themes supported the findings of Study 1 and highlighted the crucial role of language and social support during the students’ experiences. Combined, the studies partially confirmed previous research with our unique sample of Brazilian students, and placed further emphasis on the need to sample different populations in the study of adaptation.</p>

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Investigation of the Sociocultural Adaptation of Brazilian Students in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica Williamson
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Culture Shock ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Cultural Transition ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Home Culture ◽  
Brazilian Students ◽  
New Zealanders

<p>Global mobility means increasing numbers of individuals are exposed to potentially stressful experiences in their cross-cultural transition. A process of cultural learning is required to overcome differences between host and home culture during sociocultural adaptation. To study this process, this thesis employed a mixed-methods approach examining adaptive trajectory over a six-month educational exchange. The study analysed a unique population of 279 Brazilian high school students from low SES backgrounds arriving in New Zealand. Results from cross-lagged panel models in Study 1 indicated that higher initial ratings of English progress led to subsequent higher levels of interactions with New Zealanders three months after, which then led to higher ratings of language progress at the final time-point. A longitudinal mediation showed interaction with New Zealanders at the mid-point of the sojourn helped explain increased English ability over time. No longitudinal relations were observed for culture shock, indicating the influence of language progress and interactions with host culture on culture shock may vary across populations. In Study 2, we used thematic analysis on students’ open-ended interview responses to examine what their experiences in the new culture were. Three themes were identified: opportunities, difficulties, and general feelings. The identified themes supported the findings of Study 1 and highlighted the crucial role of language and social support during the students’ experiences. Combined, the studies partially confirmed previous research with our unique sample of Brazilian students, and placed further emphasis on the need to sample different populations in the study of adaptation.</p>

Public Attitudes Toward New Prisons in New Zealand and Deficit Narratives: A Quantitative Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele N. Norris ◽  
Kalym Lipsey
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quantitative Survey

The imprisonment rate in New Zealand ranks seventh among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Yet the imprisonment of Indigenous people is on par with the United States, which has the world’s highest incarceration rate. Almost 70% of the prison population in New Zealand is comprised of people racialized as non-White. In 2016, the National Government proposed to spend $2.5 billion over a 5-year period to build new prisons (1,500 prison beds) to accommodate a growing prison population. This study assessed public attitudes toward the need for more prisons and the equity of treatment of individuals within the criminal justice system. Findings from a 2016 and 2017 quantitative survey of 5,000 respondents each year revealed that roughly half of the respondents believed the proposed spending for new prisons to be extremely to somewhat necessary. A large proportion of respondents also believed Māori and Pākehā, if convicted of the same crime, are treated similarly within the criminal justice system. New Zealand scholars have critiqued news media coverage of contentious sociopolitical issues, such as crime and prisons, for employing tactics that have worked to construct a morally and culturally deficit “Other” while normalizing whiteness, rendering it invisible and raceless. This article concludes that this process masks racial disparities of individuals located within the criminal justice system and preserves the ideal that prisons are a normal function of the social landscape.

scholarly journals Te Pikinga O Tōku Tuakiri: The ascent of self-identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ariana Pia
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Concept ◽  
General Context ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Interior Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Given

<p>This research questions whether considering Māori concepts of architecture and space within the design of New Zealand prisons can help in the rehabilitation process of inmates of Māori descent.   First, the general concept of prison architecture will be researched. The panopticon as a general diagram as well as specific case studies will frame an understanding of the characteristics of prison architecture in the western sphere. A specific attention to interior architecture will be established.  Second, the link between cultural experience and rehabilitation will be distinguished primarily through analysis of Māori Focus Units.  Third, the notions of Māori perception and understanding of architectural space will be explored in a general context. More particularly, characteristics of interior architecture will be researched.  Fourth, a site will be selected to reflect the contentious issues of incarceration of the Māori population. Matiu/Somes Island, located in the Wellington harbour, is a reflection of historical Māori culture and lifestyles that form a base of beliefs and mythology that modern Māori can identify with. The island itself is a provocation due to its history of incarceration.  This thesis is of interior architecture; hence the design will be developed within the constraints of a given architectural envelope. While this is an assumed position, the interior architecture will challenge the given envelope and its contextual site. As a consequence, further interventions into the landscape and the architecture will be developed to sustain the interior architecture here developed.  It is anticipated that this research will therefore support the idea that interior architecture of New Zealand prisons must be developed as an integral part of a holistic spatial intervention in view of supporting the rehabilitation process of Māori inmates.</p>

scholarly journals Te Pikinga O Tōku Tuakiri: The ascent of self-identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ariana Pia
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Concept ◽  
General Context ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Interior Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Given

<p>This research questions whether considering Māori concepts of architecture and space within the design of New Zealand prisons can help in the rehabilitation process of inmates of Māori descent.   First, the general concept of prison architecture will be researched. The panopticon as a general diagram as well as specific case studies will frame an understanding of the characteristics of prison architecture in the western sphere. A specific attention to interior architecture will be established.  Second, the link between cultural experience and rehabilitation will be distinguished primarily through analysis of Māori Focus Units.  Third, the notions of Māori perception and understanding of architectural space will be explored in a general context. More particularly, characteristics of interior architecture will be researched.  Fourth, a site will be selected to reflect the contentious issues of incarceration of the Māori population. Matiu/Somes Island, located in the Wellington harbour, is a reflection of historical Māori culture and lifestyles that form a base of beliefs and mythology that modern Māori can identify with. The island itself is a provocation due to its history of incarceration.  This thesis is of interior architecture; hence the design will be developed within the constraints of a given architectural envelope. While this is an assumed position, the interior architecture will challenge the given envelope and its contextual site. As a consequence, further interventions into the landscape and the architecture will be developed to sustain the interior architecture here developed.  It is anticipated that this research will therefore support the idea that interior architecture of New Zealand prisons must be developed as an integral part of a holistic spatial intervention in view of supporting the rehabilitation process of Māori inmates.</p>

scholarly journals Building Information Modelling: An analysis of the methods used to streamline design-to-construction in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nelson Chan
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Significant Factors

<p>The following study explores and investigates the current methods New Zealand (NZ) Architectural, Engineering and Construction (AEC) firms use to enable effective BIM coordination in their projects. The purpose was to gain and contribute knowledge of the various methods for successful BIM delivery, as well, as to bridge the gap between academia and industry for a greater understanding of BIM use in an NZ context.  A qualitative research approach was carried out and comprised of semi-structured interviews in which eight industry participants across the design-to-construction supply chain were selected and interviewed. From the results, the different methods identified were: BIM-to-fabrication; change of procurement methods; and incorporating BIM Collaboration Format (BCF) plugin platforms. These methods identified contribute to knowledge for future researchers to undertake; predominantly to provide direction and recommendations to explore each method in an NZ industry context further.  Further discussions of the results identify that although the different methods can contribute to better BIM coordination, the success of a BIM model to be delivered effectively is dependent on two significant factors. The factors are; firstly, to capture the BIM requirements and needs of the client to establish well-defined deliverables in the BEP; and secondly, to ensure that the project team are to understand their role and responsibilities right throughout the project. This was a crucial finding in this thesis as although the methods are effective in enabling greater BIM coordination; ultimately it comes down to BIM understanding and expertise from key project stakeholders; which brings the notion of the issue back to the root of the problem. Other key findings from this thesis indicate a positive future for BIM within the NZ AEC industry, with many of the participant firms recognised to be proactive and open to incorporating BIM into their projects. Though the signs are encouraging, discussions with industry participants still express their concerns on needing to align the understanding of BIM between key project stakeholders. Therefore, an education piece which focuses on the client and their understanding of BIM in an NZ context is suggested for future research. This thesis also presents academia with valuable industry BIM workflow diagrams which the author has either illustrated or been provided by participants.</p>

scholarly journals Seeing Things Differently: The use of mobile app interpretation and its effect on visitor experience at two heritage sites in Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica Aitken
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Visitor Experience ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
High Street

<p>The practice of contemporary heritage interpretation has seen increased investment in digital technologies and more recently in mobile applications. However, few empirical studies assess how effective mobile apps are to the visitor experience of heritage sites. What kind of visitor experience do mobile apps provide? How do mobile apps deliver on the aims of interpretation for heritage sites? What types of apps work best? What are the challenges for developers and heritage professionals?  A qualitative research approach is used to examine two case studies; High Street Stories: the life and times of Christchurch’s High Street Precinct and IPENZ Engineering Tours: Wellington Heritage Walking Tour. These case studies ask what kind of experience mobile apps offer as an interpretation tool at these heritage sites. To investigate the topic, email interviews were carried out with heritage professionals and digital developers; together with qualitative interviews with visitors recruited to visit the case study sites using the mobile applications.   This study explores two current examples of mobile app technology in the heritage sector in a New Zealand context. The results of this study aim to augment current literature on the topic of digital interpretation. This study seeks to offer heritage managers and interpreters some key factors to consider when making decisions regarding the methods used to present and interpret heritage sites to visitors and in developing new interpretation and digital strategies that include mobile applications. Although each scenario presents its particular set of considerations and all heritage sites are different, it is hoped these recommendations can be applied and offer working models and strategies.</p>

Employment Issues Facing People with Traumatic Brain Injury in New Zealand

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Rachel C. Winthrop
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Services ◽  
The Individual

An estimated 600 people seek hospital and/or medical assistance for recently acquired brain injury each week in New Zealand. Many of these people return to work only to find themselves unable to function at the same level as achieved prior to injury. The reasons for this are frequently not understood either by the individual with the injury, the individual's colleagues or by the various professionals approached for advice. Common deficits identified impact significantly on an individual's work performance indicating comprehensive vocational rehabilitation services are required. Rehabilitation counsellors have a key role to play in the vocational rehabilitation process of people with head injuries. This requires that rehabilitation counsellors possess a knowledge of brain injury sequelae, their effects on everyday functioning and of the recovery process from the injury.

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