scholarly journals The Influence of Corvitin on the Cholates Content in the Male Rats’ Liver under the Conditions of Chronic Social Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
A. M. Liashevych ◽  
◽  
І. S. Lupaina ◽  
M. Yu. Makarchuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Chronic Social Stress

The creation of universally effective and safe correctors of biliary secretion disorders is becoming more timely. There is an urgent need for scientists to find drugs that would correct blood cholesterol levels and metabolism in liver effectively and without limiting side effects. The purpose of the study was to investigate the possibility of using corvitin to correct stress-induced biliary disorders of the liver of male rats. Materials and methods. The article looks at recent research dealing with changes in the bile acid composition of outbred male rats’ bile under chronic social stress (social defeat in daily male confrontations, 14 days) when using Corvitin (1 mg/kg, intragastrically, 7 days). Chronic social stress was created by daily agonistic interactions between animals. The state of memory and the level of research activity in the object recognition test (cognitive test) were also studied. The main fractions of conjugated bile acids (taurocholic, taurohenodeoxycholic and taurodeoxycholic, glycocholic, glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic and free ones – cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic) were determined by the method of thin layer chromatography of bile. Results and discussion. Chronic social stress leads to a slight increase in the overall activity of the experimental animals, but significantly impairs the processes of recognition and memory. Social stress significantly inhibits the processes that ensure the synthesis, biotransformation and transport of bile acids in the bile. Also, chronic social stress causes changes in bile production, which reduce the solubilization properties of bile and increase the risk of lithogenesis. Conclusion. The use of Corvitin simultaneously with the simulation of experimental social stress normalized the biliary secretory function of the liver, which indicates a high potential for the use of Corvitin as a corrective factor in chronic social stress. Corvitin used by us in the conditions of experimental social stress to some extent corrected the content of bile acids in the liver of male rats, which indicates the ability of this drug to interfere with the metabolism of cholate in liver cells, in the mechanisms of bile acid transport. Correction of stress-induced pathologies of liver bile-secretory function by Corvitin requires further thorough experimental studies

scholarly journals The effect of Corvitin on the content of bile acids in the liver of rats under conditions of chronic social stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
A. M. Liashevych ◽  
І. S. Lupaina ◽  
T. L. Davydovska ◽  
O. V. Tsymbalyuk ◽  
Y. R. Oksentiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Chronic Social Stress ◽  
Corrective Factor ◽  
Index Ratio ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The article looks at recent research dealing with changes in the bile acid composition of the bile of outbred male rats under chronic social stress (social defeat in daily male confrontations, 14 days) when administered Corvitin (1 mg/kg, intragastrically, 7 days). Chronic social stress was created by daily agonistic interactions between animals. The main fractions of conjugated bile acids – taurocholic, taurohenodeoxycholic and taurodeoxycholic, glycocholic, glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic and free ones – cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic were determined by the method of thin layer chromatography of bile. The conjugation index (ratio of the sum of conjugated cholates to the sum of free ones) and hydroxylation (ratio of the sum of trihydroxycholanic bile acids to the sum of dihydroxycholanic ones) of bile acids were calculated. The research showed that in the conditions of experimental social stress, Corvitin enhances the conjugation of bile acids with taurine and glycine, i.e. stimulates detoxification processes in hepatocytes. In the conditions of chronic social stress in male rats, the processes that had provided the flow of glycoconjugates of bile acids from hepatocytes to the bile ducts were further suppressed. The concentrations of glycocholic acid and glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic acids in the bile of male intruders were lower than the control values. But, as seen in the experiment, the use of Corvitin normalized these indicators. The experiment showed that in the conditions of chronic social stress, the content of cholic acid in the bile of intruder rats decreased, and when correcting the pathological condition using Corvitin, it reached the control values. The use of Corvitin simultaneously with the simulation of experimental social stress normalized the biliary secretory function of the liver, indicating the high potential of using Corvitin as a corrective factor in chronic social stress. Correction of stress-induced pathologies of liver bile-secretory function by Corvitin requires further thorough experimental studies.

Impact of Experimental Chronic Social Stress on Biliary Bile Acid Content in Male Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
A.M. Liashevych ◽  
I.I. Tubalceva ◽  
Yevdokiya M. Reshetnik ◽  
Oleksandr V. Bondarenko ◽  
Stanislav P. Veselsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chronic Social Stress ◽  
Biliary Bile Acid

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC SOCIAL STRESS ON BILE ACIDS CONTENT IN THE BILE OF MALE RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
A.M. Liashevych ◽  
◽  
I. I. Tubalceva ◽  
Ye.M. Reshetnik ◽  
O.V. Bondarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chronic Social Stress

Regulation of catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes in adrenals of Wistar rats under chronic stress

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. R957-R962 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lemaire ◽  
M. Le Moal ◽  
P. Mormede
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Chronic Social Stress ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

We have shown previously that chronic social stress has differential effects on adrenal weight and on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) specific activity, depending on the experimental design. To determine the role of the sympathetic nervous system and of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPAA) in these modifications, we studied the mechanisms of regulation of these parameters in basal conditions as well as in response to reserpine treatment and chronic social stress in the Wistar strain of rats. We found that the adrenal weight is mostly dependent on the activity of the HPAA, which is increased in male rats living in mixed-sex colonies. PNMT specific activity is regulated by splanchnic innervation, confirming that its induction by social instability is a consequence of sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity. The increase of TH specific activity, as seen in unstable, mixed-sex colonies, is not under sympathetic control. However, we show that the pituitary may exert a tonic inhibitory influence, dependent on the sympathetic innervation. These data confirm that the HPAA and the sympathetic nervous system may be independently triggered in chronic social stress conditions.

scholarly journals Meal patterns and hypothalamic NPY expression during chronic social stress and recovery

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (3) ◽  
pp. R813-R822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Melhorn ◽  
Eric G. Krause ◽  
Karen A. Scott ◽  
Marie R. Mooney ◽  
Jeffrey D. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Chronic Social Stress

In the present study, we examined meal patterns during and after exposure to the visible burrow system (VBS), a rodent model of chronic social stress, to determine how the microstructure of food intake relates to the metabolic consequences of social subordination. Male Long-Evans rats were housed in mixed-sex VBS colonies (4 male, 2 female) for 2 wk, during which time a dominance hierarchy formed [1 dominant male (DOM) and 3 subordinate males (SUB)], and then male rats were individually housed for a 3-wk recovery period. Controls were individually housed with females during the 2-wk VBS period and had no changes in ingestive behavior compared with a habituation period. During the hierarchy-formation phase of VBS housing, DOM and SUB had a reduced meal frequency, whereas SUB also had a reduced meal size. However, during the hierarchy-maintenance phase of VBS housing, DOM meal patterns did not differ from controls, whereas SUB continued to display a reduced food intake via less frequent meals. During recovery, DOM had comparable meal patterns to controls, whereas SUB had an increased meal size. Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA levels were not different between these groups during the experimental period. Together, the results suggest that exposure to chronic social stress alters ingestive behavior both acutely and in the long term, which may influence the metabolic changes that accompany bouts of stress and recovery; however, these differences in meal patterns do not appear to be mediated by hypothalamic NPY.

scholarly journals Bile acids from bile of rats of different sexes under testosterone

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
І. S. Chernuha ◽  
Y. М. Reshetnik ◽  
A. M. Liashevych ◽  
S. P. Veselsky ◽  
M. Y. Makarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Among the various functions of the liver, the formation of bile plays an important role. The optimal physiological ratio of bile components and the content of testosterone in the blood depend on various factors that can cause biliary system dysfunction and secretion. In experiments on different-sex rats, changes in bile acid contents of bile under the influence of testosterone propionate, which was injected intramuscularly 0.7 mg/kg, for 5 days were investigated. With the method of thin-layer chromatography, the basic fractions of bile acids conjugated in the bile were defined – taurocholic, taurochenodeoxycholic and taurodeoxycholic, glycocholic, glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic and free – cholic, chenodeoxycholic and deoxycholic acids. Conjugation rates were calculated (the ratio of the sum of conjugated cholates to the amount of free ones) and hydroxylation (ratio of the sum of trihydroxycholate bile acids to the sum of dihydroxycholanic) bile acids. In the bile of female rats almost all concentrations of cholates increased, except glycochenodeoxycholic and glycodeoxycholic acids. The calculated conjugation index on the whole did not undergo significant changes, but the hydroxylation factor increased, which may indicate an intensification of bile acid biosynthesis by neutral means, which is realized by 7α-hydroxylation of cholesterol. Under the influence of the hormone in male rats, the content of conjugated bile acids increased, and as for the free ones – a multidirectional effect of testosterone is observed, in particular, the concentration of cholic acid significantly decreased, indicating the activation of the poly-enzyme systems providing its conjugation with glycine and taurine. In connection with the wide use of the drug testosterone propionate and in view of its identified effects on the bile acid contents of the course of intramuscular administration, it is advisable to investigate the effect of this drug on the productive capacity of the liver.

scholarly journals Bile lipids in rats under chronic social stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
A. M. Liashevych ◽  
I. I. Tubaltseva ◽  
Y. M. Reshetnik ◽  
O. V. Bondarenko ◽  
S. P. Veselsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Chronic Social Stress ◽  
Distribution In The Organism ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Our experiments studied changes in lipid compound of bile of non-purebred male rats under the condition of social stress while the preparation “Korvitin” was used against the stress. Using the method of thin-layer chromatography, we determined the concentrations of phospholipids, cholesterol and its esters, free fatty acids and triglycerides in the animals’ bile, which was obtained through vivesection a day and a month after the rats were first subjected to chronic social stress (model of social defeat), and also in the bile of the animals which were treated intragastrically with “Korvitin” against the stress (1 mg/kg, 7 days). In the bile of the male rats which experienced chronic social stress the concentration of free cholesterol decreased and the content of its esters increased both immediately after the initiation of stress and after a month of exposure to stress. The concentration of free fatty acids in the bile decreased after modeling chronic social stress, but increased in liver secretion, taken a month after the animals first experienced stress. In the bile of male rats immediately after the procedure of exposing the animals to stress, the content of phospholipids decreased. Using “Korvitin” during the modeling of social stress caused decrease in the content of phospholipids in the rats’ bile and caused significant increase in the concentration of free fatty acids, triglycerides and cholesterol esters in the liver secretion. The study found significant changes in the concentration of lipids in the bile and in their distribution in the organism of male rats under the conditions of experimentally induced chronic stress. The effect of stress on the bile of rats requires further study for determining its pathogenic role. 

scholarly journals Microencapsulated Genetically EngineeredLactobacillus plantarum80 (pCBH1) for Bile Acid Deconjugation and Its Implication in Lowering Cholesterol

2004 ◽  
Vol 2004 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell Lawrence Jones ◽  
Hongmei Chen ◽  
Wei Ouyang ◽  
Terrence Metz ◽  
Satya Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Bile Acid Sequestrants ◽  
Oral Doses ◽  
Glycodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Bile Acids

Cholesterol is known to be a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Current treatments for elevated blood cholesterol include dietary management, regular exercise, and drug therapy with fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and statins. Such therapies, however, are often suboptimal and carry a risk for serious side effects. This study shows that microencapsulatedLactobacillus plantarum80 (pCBH1) cells can efficiently break down and remove bile acids, and establishes a basis for their use in lowering blood serum cholesterol. Results show that microencapsulated LP80 (pCBH1) is able to effectively break down the conjugated bile acids glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) with bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activities of 0.19 and 0.08μmol DCA/mg CDW/h respectively. This article also summarizes the physiological interrelationship between bile acids and cholesterol and predicts the oral doses of microencapsulatedLactobacillus plantarum80 (pCBH1) cells required for lowering cholesterol.

Circadian distribution of bile acids in the enterohepatic circulatory system in rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 230 (5) ◽  
pp. 1331-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJ Ho
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Total Radioactivity ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Circadian Fluctuation

The bile acid pool was first determined in six adult male rats to be 12.8 +/- 0.7 mg/100 g by comparing the total radioactivity of tritiated bile acid drained through the bile fistula and the initial bile acid specific activity. The distribution of bile acids in the enterohepatic circulatory system at various times of the day was then studied in 24 additional rats, each received a single dose of tritiated taurocholate intraperitoneally and was sacrificed 24 h later. The nearly complete recovery of the administered radioactivity from the serum, liver intestinal wall and content, and 24-h feces indicated the confinement of bile acids to the enterohepatic circulation. A remarkable circadian fluctuation of the bile acid content was observed in serum, liver, and intestinal contents. The patterns of such rhythmic change varied from each other in various segments of the intestinal tract but seemed to correlate with the time sequence of movement of bowel content and absorption of bile acids. The circadian rhythm of hepatic synthesis of bile acids but not cholesterol observed by others might be, in part, directly related to the circadian fluctuation of the amount of bile acids in the liver.

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