scholarly journals The Training of Developmental Stimulation on Children with Autism Syndrome Disorder in Autism Center of Blitar City

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 026-032
Author(s):  
Suprajitno Suprajitno ◽  
Arif Mulyadi ◽  
Rachmi Aidah
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Training Evaluation ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
At Home

Children with Autism Syndrome Disorder (ASD) have the same developmental tasks and must be stimulated from an early age. Stimulation can be performed by parents or caregivers. This community service aimed to provide parents or caregivers with the ability to stimulate the development of children with ASD. The training was conducted on 40 parents or caregivers using the Book of Autistic Children's Activity Guide at Home: A Guide for Parents (Buku Bina Aktivitas Anak Autis di Rumah: Panduan Bagi Orang Tua) ISBN: 978-602-6397-32-4. Training conducted twice by therapists in Autism Center of Blitar City. The training evaluation used a checklist consisting of 17 abilities. The changes were known from the mean increase in ability of 15.4 and the standard deviation decreased to 7.94. After the training, there was a change in the ability to perform developmental stimulation of children with ASD and parents or caregivers said they were very satisfied because they had the guidelines to be used at home.

Tongue-tie division to treat breastfeeding difficulties: our experience

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (10) ◽  
pp. 986-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Sharma ◽  
S Jayaraj
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Surgical Complications ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Surgical Group ◽  
Telephone Questionnaire

AbstractObjectives:To assess the benefits of frenotomy on breastfeeding in infants, and determine the influence of age.Methods:A telephone questionnaire of all patients diagnosed with tongue-tie over 12 months was conducted pre-intervention and 1-month post-intervention. The Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool was used to assess breastfeeding.Results:Of 54 infants diagnosed with tongue-tie, 78 per cent of mothers participated in the survey. Eighty-six per cent of patients underwent frenotomy, with no surgical complications. In the frenotomy group, 81 per cent of mothers reported improvement in breastfeeding, versus 17 per cent in the non-surgical group (p = 0.0074). In the frenotomy group, the mean (±standard deviation) Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool score was 3.33 ± 1.51 pre-intervention, versus 9.19 ± 2.44 post-intervention (p = 0.0001). In the non-surgical intervention group, the mean score (±standard deviation) was 4.17 ± 0.75 pre-intervention, versus 6.00 ± 1.73 post-intervention (p = 0.16). For infants who underwent frenotomy, there was a reported improvement in 94 per cent of those aged less than 30 days, versus 68 per cent in infants aged over 30 days (p = 0.092).Conclusion:Frenotomy is a safe, short procedure that improves breastfeeding outcomes, and is best performed at an early age.

scholarly journals Parent-reported feeding characteristics in children with ASD vs. children who are typically developing

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesreen Fathi Mahmoud ◽  
Rehab Safwat Abdelhameed ◽  
Sherif A. Abdelmonam ◽  
Ahmed Ali Abdelmonem ◽  
Doaa Mahmoud Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Childhood Autism Rating Scale ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Background Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) often report that their children have multiple dietary behavior problems than parents of typically developing (TD) children do. This may affect proper nutrition and subsequently adequate growth and development in children with ASD. The current study aimed to assess the feeding behavior in recently diagnosed children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) ranged in age from 2 to 4 years and compare it with typically developing (TD) children and to explore the relationship between feeding behaviors and autism severity using the Montreal Children’s Hospital Feeding Scale (MCH) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), respectively. Parents of 35 preschool children (2–4 years) with ASD completed reports of physical measurements, feeding interview, Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Montreal Children’s Hospital Feeding Scale (MCH Feeding-Scale). The collected data from parents of children with ASD were analyzed and compared with 70 typically developed children matched with age and sex. Results ASD children showed statistically significantly more problematic feeding behaviors in most of the assessed eating characters compared with TD children, e.g., food neophobia, eating non-food items instead of food, requiring assistance during eating, and feeding avoidance to particular textures and taste. The mean total score of the MCH feeding scale differed significantly between children with ASD and TD children. No correlation was found between the mean total score of the MCH feeding scale and CARS scores. Conclusion Our findings revealed a high rate of behavioral feeding problems in children with ASD. Future work will be needed to follow up the feeding behaviors and to develop practical feeding approaches for ASD children to maintain nutritional adequacy.

scholarly journals Exploring the Participation Patterns and Impact of Environment in Preschool Children with ASD

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5677
Author(s):  
Ghaidaa Khalifa ◽  
Peter Rosenbaum ◽  
Kathy Georgiades ◽  
Eric Duku ◽  
Briano Di Rezze
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
At Home

Participation in everyday activities at home and in the community is essential for children’s development and well-being. Limited information exists about participation patterns of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examines these participation patterns in both the home and community, and the extent to which environmental factors and social communication abilities are associated with participation. Fifty-four parents of preschool-aged children with ASD completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Young Children and the Autism Classification System of Functioning: Social Communication. The children had a mean age of 48.9 (8.4) months. Patterns of participation were studied using descriptive statistics, radar graphs, and Spearman correlations. Children with ASD participated in a variety of activities at home and in the community, but showed a higher participation frequency at home. Parents identified different barriers (e.g., social demands) and supports (e.g., attitudes) in both settings. There was a moderate positive association between children’s social communication abilities and their levels of involvement during participation and the diversity of activities. This study highlights the importance of social communication abilities in the participation of preschool children with ASD, and the need to support parents while they work to improve their child’s participation, especially within their communities.

Response of forelimb guard hair afferent units to air-jet stimulation of entire receptive field

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 961-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Goldfinger ◽  
V. E. Amassian
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Receptive Field ◽  
Density Function ◽  
Interspike Interval ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plateau Level ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. In anesthetized, immobilized cats, individual axonal responses to movement of forelimb G hairs were recorded in the ipsilateral cuneate fasciculus at C1-C2 with a glass-insulated tungsten microelectrode. Several test criteria were used to identify primary afferent axons among the recorded neurons. 2. The output discharge in the parent sensory axon during continuous air-jet stimulation of the entire receptive field was irregular and was usually maintained. Criteria for statistical stability were introduced, permitting an analysis of the response as a stable point process. 3. The main interspike interval during the response to maximal air-jet stimulation ranged in different units from 4 to 100 ms, with a transition zone near 20 ms (50/s) between short and long mean interval units. Long and short mean interval units tended to be related to G2- and G1-type hair receptors, respectively. 4. In both short and long mean interval units, the interspike-interval distribution (IID) had a dead time (usually 2-4 ms), a sigmoidal rising limb, a single mode, and a monotonic falling limb, a single mode, and a monotonic falling limb. In short mean interval units, the decrement of the falling limb was described by a single exponential. 5. The value of the standard deviation of the IID was a little less than that of the mean interval minus dead time, the inequality probably resulting from the finite duration of the rising limb and, in long mean interval units, the nonexponential falling limb. 6. Joint interval analysis revealed that successive intervals were independent except in short mean interval units, where the shortest intervals tended to be followed by intervals shorter than the mean. 7. The expectation density function did not reveal any periods in the output discharge. In short mean interval units, a constant mean (planteau) level was attained after a finite rise time and usually one or more overshooting-undershooting sequences. In long mean interval units, the expectation density function monotonically rose to the plateau level. 8. Reducing the air-jet intensity caused an increase in mean interval of discharge and in standard deviation of the IID and slowed the rise time of the expectation density function to the plateau level. 9. Similarities and differences between the whole-field response to air-jet stimulation and the Poisson process are discussed.

scholarly journals PENTINGNYA KETERLIBATAN ORANG TUA DI LEMBAGA PAUD DALAM MENSTIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL ANAK USIA DINI

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Evi Desmariani ◽  
Muzayyanah Muzayyanah ◽  
Jendriadi Jendriadi ◽  
Widdya Rahmalina
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
School Administration ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
At Home

There are still many parents who take their children to go to kindergarten institutions with the aim that their children can learn to read, write, count and be good at (reading) the Koran. Like what happened in Hauriyah Halum Integrated Kindergarten. Since the learning process is implemented, parents only fulfill all the needs of the children requested by the institution for the learning process including completing school administration. After that, the parents are only tasked with taking the child to school in the morning and picking up the child from school after the learning process, and sometimes asking how many stars the child's work got. Parents do not think at all about the child's behavior while at school, such as annoying friends, making noise during the learning process, hitting friends, and saying bad words to friends. This is often conveyed by the teacher every time the child comes home from school with the hope that the parents advise the child while at home. However, every day there is no visible change and even more protracted. For this reason, it is necessary to do counseling on the importance of parental involvement in kindergarten institutions in stimulating children's socio-emotional development from an early age. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out community service in the form of counseling. The extension method is in the form of lectures and questions and answers. This community service aims to ensure that teachers always involve parents in educating children, especially in stimulating children's social-emotional development from an early age. So that children can follow the learning process and behave well to teachers and friends while they are at school. As a result of this community service, it is hoped that all parents can train themselves or get used to behaving well in front of children at all times while at home as teachers have been accustomed to while the child is in school.

Quality of life among parents of South African children with autism spectrum disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Alhazmi ◽  
Reneva Petersen ◽  
Kirsten A Donald
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
South African ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the quality of life (QOL) of South African parents caring for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as compared with parents of typically developing (TD) children from the same community.MethodsA cross-sectional study was done evaluating the QOL of parents of 52 children (26 parents of children with ASD versus 26 parents of TD children) using a structured measure, (World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-BREF).ResultsThe mean age of the children with ASD was 64.9 months (SD 14.5) versus 60.1 months (SD 13.5) for TD group. There was a male predominance among group of children with ASD (48 boys, four girls). The mean parental age of the ASD group was 32.9 years (SD 7.8) compared with 33.8 years (SD 6.8) for the TD group. As compared with parents of the TD children, parents of children with ASD had lower mean QOL scores in the four QOL domains: physical, psychological, social and environmental health (p<0.0001). the domain where the discrepancy between groups was greatest was the physical domain Where the mean score was 52.1 (SD 18.7) in the ASD group and 92 (SD 10.4) in the TD group. Lower income, severity level of ASD and lack of access to school placement of children with ASD were found significantly associated with parents’ QOL domains.ConclusionQOL of parents of children with ASD is significant lower than that of the parents of their TD peers across all domains and is an important component in management of the family which needs to be explored and addressed.

scholarly journals Provision of early comprehensive care for children with ASD: problems and solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
I.N. Rakhmanina
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Comprehensive Care ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Disor Ders ◽  
Early Intervention System

Present article describes actual problems of early comprehensive care for children with autism spectrum disor¬ders, as well as solutions to these problems on the example of the region. Realization of the early intervention system is possible through the establishment of habilitation and developmental environment, which is a spe¬cially organized environment that promotes the development and correction of the motor, mental, speech and communication spheres during the joint stay and / or activity of children, and their interaction with adults. In its turn, the habilitation and developing environment includes five components: social support; diagnostics; medical and re-adaptation; subject-play; psychological — pedagogical. Presented components of environment promote and improve the development of children of infant and early age with autism spectrum disorders or the risk of their occurrence with the aim to maximize the possible socialization of children. The experience describes a number of technologies implemented within the mentioned components.

scholarly journals The Subjective Comfort Test of Autism Hug Machine Portable Seat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Mohamad Izzur Maula ◽  
◽  
Akhmad Lutfiyan Aji ◽  
M. Bahtiar Aliyafi ◽  
Ilham Yustar Afif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Physiological Arousal ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Measure Heart Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Deep Pressure

This preliminary study proposes to investigate (i) the mean comfortable deep pressure of Autism Hug Machine Portable Seat (AHMPS) manual pull and inflatable wrap models; and (ii) the effect of using AHMPS in reducing anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The first phase was done to determine the comfort test. Fifteen healthy adolescents (13 men and 2 women; aged 19-25 years) individuals volunteered to participate in the comfort test in determining the pressure of AHMPS, both manual pull, and inflatable wrap. The second phase was completed in children with ASD, in which the comforting pressure from the first phase was then applied to five children with ASD (4 boys and 1 girl; aged 8-15 years) from the Putra Mandiri Public Special School Semarang. All children were administered both the AHMPS inflatable wrap and manual pull as a deep pressure apparatus while traveling by bus. A pulse oximeter was used to measure heart rate variability (physiological arousal). The mean comfort pressure was obtained from 15 healthy subjects, which was 0.81 psi on the chest and 0.80 psi on the thigh for the manual pull; and 0.65 psi on the chest and 0.45 psi on the thigh for the inflatable wrap. In the second phase, the AHMPS manual pull did not significantly decrease heart rate with p=0.114, but the AHMPS inflatable wrap significantly decreased heart rate with a significance value of p=0.037. We conclude, therefore, the AHMPS inflatable wrap decreases physiological arousal in children with ASD.

scholarly journals Cognitive Features in Autistic Children without Intellectual Disability

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
M.M. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

22 children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 26 neurotypic children from 7 to 10 years old took part in the study of cognitive features of autistic children without intellectual disabilities. Instruments aimed at studying of cognitive functions in primary school children and free form narrative used in the research. Found that in children with ASD, some cognitive features significantly more pronounced than in neurotypical peers: lack of targeting, diverseness of thinking with a distortion of the generalization process, concreteness of thinking. The scores obtained in children with ASD were mainly within the mean values, while in the group of neurotypic children, for the most part, they were within high values. Revealed that children with ASD more often than neurotypic peers demonstrate a combination of specific thinking and some features that considered as characteristic of a schizophrenic pathopsychological complex of symptoms.

scholarly journals Children with autism observe social interactions in an idiosyncratic manner

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inbar Avni ◽  
Gal Meiri ◽  
Asif Bar-Sinai ◽  
Doron Reboh ◽  
Liora Manelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Gaze Patterns ◽  
The Mean

AbstractPrevious eye tracking studies have reported that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) fixate less on faces in comparison to controls. To properly understand social interactions, however, children must gaze not only at faces, but also at actions, gestures, body movements, contextual details, and objects, thereby creating specific gaze patterns when observing specific interactions. We presented three different movies of social interactions to 111 children (71 with ASD) who watched each of the movies twice. Typically developing children viewed the movies in a remarkably predictable and reproducible manner, exhibiting gaze patterns that were similar to the mean gaze pattern of other controls, with strong correlations across individuals (inter-subject correlations) and across movie presentations (intra-subject correlations). In contrast, children with ASD exhibited significantly more variable/idiosyncratic gaze patterns that differed from the mean gaze pattern of controls and were weakly correlated across individuals and presentations. Most importantly, quantification of gaze idiosyncrasy in individual children, enabled separation of ASD and control children with higher sensitivity and specificity than traditional measures such as time gazing at faces. Individual magnitudes of gaze idiosyncrasy were also significantly correlated with ASD severity and significantly correlated across movies and movie presentations, demonstrating their clinical sensitivity and reliability. These results suggest that gaze idiosyncrasy is a potent behavioral abnormality that characterizes many children with ASD and may contribute to their impaired social development. Quantification of gaze idiosyncrasy in individual children may aid in assessing their ASD severity over time and in response to treatments.Lay SummaryTypically developing children watch movies of social interactions in a reliable and predictable manner, attending faces, gestures, body movements, and objects that are relevant to the social interaction and its narrative. Here, we demonstrate that children with ASD watch such movies with significantly more variable/idiosyncratic gaze patterns that differ across individuals and across movie presentations. We demonstrate that quantifying this variability is a very potent way of identifying children with ASD and determining the severity of their social ASD symptoms.

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