HARD PALATE DEVELOPMENT AND STRUCTURE FORMING IN THE FIRST TRIMESTER OF THE INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (66) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
A. I. Prodanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
Palate Development ◽  
Development Period

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF THE HARD PALATE FOLDS DURING THE SECOND AND THIRD TRIMESTER OF THE INTRAUTERINE DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
A. I. Prodanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Human Ontogenesis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mesenchyme Cells ◽  
Restorative Surgery ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study of anatomical-functional peculiarities of the cranial bones promotes implementation of new methods of performing radical and reconstructive-restorative surgery on the face and cranium. Objective: to determine peculiarities of formation of the hard palate folds structure in the fetal and early neonatal periods of human ontogenesis. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 53 specimens of dead fetuses from 4 to 10 months of development and on 9 specimens of dead neonates by means of macro- and micro-section, preparing histological and topographic-anatomical sections, and morphometry. Formation of the hard palate folds during the second and third trimesters of the intrauterine development was found to consist of the following stages:  epithelial thickening, penetration into the adjacent mesenchyme originating the rudiment of the fold; smoothing of the basal membrane and epithelial outgrowth over the surface with formation of the primary fold; condensation of mesenchyme cells under the fold apex; formation of fibrous stroma inside of the fold which is a peculiar core; epithelial smoothing to even thickness similar to that one embracing the areas between folds with formation of the final fold. At the end of the third trimester of the intrauterine development posterior transverse palatine folds become less marked, some of them disappear, and the anterior ones become more marked, closer and pressed one to another.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY AND RISK FACTORS AFFECTING THE BIRTH RATE OF CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF KYRGYZSTAN.

ASJ. ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
A. Eshiev ◽  
N. Taalaibekov ◽  
E. Derbishev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Congenital Cleft

The aim of the study is to examine the incidence and factors of congenital cleft lip and palate in the southern region of the Kyrgyz Republic, according to the form of clefts and according to the classification of MMDI, as well as their rehabilitation. We studied in detail the case histories of 2116 patients treated in the maxillofacial surgery department of Osh Interregional United Clinical Hospital according to the age and sex, as well as the form of congenital cleft lip and palate. Moreover, a questionnaire was administered to parents of children with CCLP for risk factors during pregnancy. A retrospective study of medical history revealed, among congenital anomalies, clefts of the soft, hard palate, alveolar process and upper lip prevailed - (combined) 891 (42,3%) Congenital cleft of soft, hard palate - 586 (27,7%), then isolated congenital cleft of the maxilla - 415 (19,6%), congenital cleft of the soft palate only 10,5% - 224 children were followed. The results of the questionnaire revealed that the parents of children born with CCLP were influenced by various unfavorable factors in the period of formation of the facial section of the fetus. The survey revealed that the relatives had CCLP, which accounted for 12.9% of all newborns, indicating a rather high role of hereditary predisposition. In addition to the hereditary genetic factor, an important role is played by infectious diseases suffered during the first trimester. It is noted that 12.8% of the children born with CCLP had infectious diseases. The mothers independently took drugs during pregnancy (antibiotics, salicylates, sulfonamides without a doctor's prescription), 17.6% of women were anemic during pregnancy, and 16.3% had severe toxemia. Along with this, it was found that the smallest number of women suffered mental trauma in the first trimester of pregnancy 0.4% of the mothers of children born with CCLP. Further, we registered patients with CCLP in the special software ONYX CEPH-3 from 01.01.2015 to the present, where we enter detailed information about patients with CCLP pathology. It creates convenience for parents both informationally and economically, as well as directly for the doctor in terms of dynamic observation of the functional and aesthetic condition and development of the child. In order to further develop programs to prevent the prevalence of congenital pathology, improve the quality of comprehensive treatment method, as well as medical and social rehabilitation of such patients and work with families of children with CCLP, we have developed a single program ONYX CEPH3 providing dispensary and rehabilitation of children.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TREATMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLI-TUS CITED IN VARIOUS AYURVEDIC AND MODERN RESEARCH PAPERS PUB-LISHED IN LAST 5 YEARS

2020 ◽  
Vol 08 (11) ◽  
pp. 5081-5088
Author(s):  
Swati S. Mohite ◽  
Rahul Gajare ◽  
Namrata B. Khose
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Intrauterine Development

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder during pregnancy. It is defined by WHO as carbohy-drate intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia of variable severity with onset or first recognition during preg-nancy. The entity usually present late in second and third trimester. The factors which constitute good health, i.e. balanced Dosha, Dhatu and Mala, optimally functioning Indriyas or sense organs, a happy con-tented soul and a balanced mind are the very factors that go towards a smooth pregnancy, labour and healthy progeny and this is what Ayurveda treatment focuses on. Pregnancy is a particular time for all women. This condition becomes even more delicate when there is diagnosis of GDM which makes neces-sary controls and therapies that will inevitably affect the women’s life. GDM can lead to potential risk for mother, fetus and child’s development. There is no direct reference of GDM in Ayurveda. But we get ref-erence of Garbhavriddhi excessive increase in size of abdomen and perspiration. Garbhavriddhi or mac-rosomia condition can be interpreted as complication of GDM. In current scenario GDM in pregnancy is one of the major complications during pregnancy. Overt maternal diabetes mellitus can adversely influence intrauterine development. Spontaneous abortions and major congenital anomalies may be induced in the first trimester. Excessive foetal growth, neonatal hypoglycemia, still birth may be induced during second and third trimester. Gestational Diabetes may lead to gangrene, damage of retina, kidneys. If diabetes is not properly controlled, then in the long run fat gets deposited on inner layer of arteries and the possibilities of occurrence of paralysis increase. Complications of diabetes include eye problems and blindness, heart dis-ease, stroke, neurological problems, amputation, and impotence It is needed to cure maternal diabetes as soon as it is diagnosed. Adopting pre-conceptional and thorough antenatal care through Ayurveda; this aims that a woman enters pregnancy in healthy state of body and mind. While describing Garbhadhan vidhi acharyas have advised certain body purifying measures (Sanshodhana karma) followed by special dietet-ics and mode of life for the couple. Ayurveda focuses on change in lifestyle of the Garbhini which helps in maternal health and fetal growth minimizing the complications related to pregnancy. Ayurveda efforts of having healthy baby commences with pre-conception care and management. Pre-conception counselling, Diet, Herbs, Yoga, Asanas are useful as a supportive therapy together with modern medication under su-pervision. The best way to improve your diet is by eating a variety of healthy foods. Various vegetables, pulses, spices, cereals, fruits, dry fruits are helpful in GDM patients. Daily 20 mins walk is also helpful. Ayurvedic herbs like Guduchi, Amalaki, Haritaki, Haridra, Bilva, Neem, Jamun are also useful in GDM. They are having antidiabetic, antioxidant properties. Tinospora Cordifolia are potential therapeutics that act as anti-diabetic drug in the prevention and treatment of GDM. Metformin is safe and effective drug in treatment of GDM. Combination of metformin, diet, Ayurvedic herbs, preconception counselling, Yoga, Pranayama and meditation can give best result in GDM.

scholarly journals Noggin Overexpression Impairs the Development of Muscles, Tendons, and Aponeurosis in Soft Palates by Disrupting BMP-Smad and Shh-Gli1 Signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamin Deng ◽  
Shangqi Wang ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Chen ◽  
Biying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Sox9 Expression ◽  
Palate Development ◽  
Smad Signaling ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein

The roles of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in palatogenesis were well documented in the developing hard palate; however, little is known about how BMP signaling regulates the development of soft palate. In this study, we overexpressed Noggin transgene via Osr2-creKI allele to suppress BMP signaling in the developing soft palate. We found that BMP-Smad signaling was detected in the palatal muscles and surrounding mesenchyme. When BMP-Smad signaling was suppressed by the overexpressed Noggin, the soft palatal shelves were reduced in size with the hypoplastic muscles and the extroversive hypophosphatasia (HPP). The downregulated cell proliferation and survival in the Osr2-creKI;pMes-Noggin soft palates were suggested to result from the repressed Shh transcription and Gli1 activity, implicating that the BMP-Shh-Gli1 network played a similar role in soft palate development as in the hard palate. The downregulated Sox9, Tenascin-C (TnC), and Col1 expression in Osr2-creKI;pMes-Noggin soft palate indicated the impaired differentiation of the aponeurosis and tendons, which was suggested to result in the hypoplasia of palatal muscles. Intriguingly, in the Myf5-creKI;pMes-Noggin and the Myf5-creKI;Rosa26R-DTA soft palates, the hypoplastic or abrogated muscles affected little the fusion of soft palate. Although the Scx, Tnc, and Co1 transcription was significantly repressed in the tenogenic mesenchyme of the Myf5-creKI;pMes-Noggin soft palate, the Sox9 expression, and the Tnc and Col1 transcription in aponeurosis mesenchyme were almost unaffected. It implicated that the fusion of soft palate was controlled by the mesenchymal clues at the tensor veli palatini (TVP) and levator veli palatini (LVP) levels, but by the myogenic components at the palatopharyngeus (PLP) level.

scholarly journals Autism-associated synaptic vesicle transcripts are differentially expressed in maternal plasma exosomes of physiopathologic pregnancies

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangwu Fang ◽  
Chan Wan ◽  
Youlu Wen ◽  
Ze Wu ◽  
Jing Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
And Function

AbstractBackgroundDuring intrauterine development, the formation and function of synaptic vesicles (SVs) are thought to be fundamental conditions essential for normal development of the brain. Lacking advanced technology during the intrauterine period, such as longitudinal real-time monitoring of the SV-associated transcripts (SVATs), which include six pairs of lncRNA-mRNA, has limited acquisition of the dynamic gene expression profile (GEP) of SVATs. We previously reported the differential expression of SVATs in the peripheral blood of autistic children. The current study was designed to determine the dynamic profiles of differentially-expressed SVATs in circulating exosomes (EXs) derived from autistic children and pregnant women at different gestational ages.MethodsBlood samples were collected from autistic children and women with variant physiopathologic pregnancies. EXs were isolated with an ExoQuick Exosome Precipitation Kit and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blotting. The expression of lncRNAs and lncRNA-targeted mRNAs were quantified using real-time PCR.ResultsSVAT-associated lncRNAs-mRNAs were detected in autistic children and differentially expressed from the first trimester of pregnancy to the term of delivery. Pathologic pregnancies, including spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), preeclampsia (PE), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), were compared to normal physiologic pregnancies, and shown to exhibit specific correlations between SVAT-lncRNA and SVAT-mRNA ofSTX8,SLC18A2, andSYPwith sPTB; SVAT-lncRNA and SVAT-mRNA ofSTX8with PE; and SVAT-lncRNA and SVAT-mRNA ofSV2Cas well as SVAT-mRNA ofSYPwith GDM.ConclusionVariant complications in pathologic pregnancies may alter the GEP of SVATs, which is likely to affect the intrauterine development of neural circuits and consequently influence fetal brain development.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of organometric parameters of the hard palate in the second and third trimester of the intrauterine development and newborns

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
A. I. Prodanchuk ◽  
O. M. Slobodian ◽  
N. S. Korchynska
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Intrauterine Development ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Human Ontogenesis ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Palatine Bone

Finding anatomical variability of organs, structures and their parts at all the stages of human development is rather topical. Determination of organometric parameters of the hard palate in fetuses and newborns is an essential part for perinatal diagnostics and understanding real parameters of the norm and pathology. Purpose of the study is to find organometric parameters of the palatine maxillary process and horizontal lamina of the palatine bone during fetal and early neonatal periods of human ontogenesis. By means of adequate anatomical methods of examination the study was conducted on 53 specimens of dead fetuses from 4 to 10 months of fetal development (from 165.0 mm to 500.0 mm of the parietal-calcaneal length (PCL)) and 9 specimens of dead neonates. The length of the palatine maxillary process during the perinatal period was found to be characterized by the two periods of accelerated development (5-7 and 8-10 months), and the period of relatively slow development (7-8 months). Its width was found to be characterized by the two period of accelerated development (5-7 and 9-10 months), and relatively slow development (7-8 months). The length of the horizontal lamina of the palatine bone is characterized by the period of accelerated development from 8 to 10 months, and the period of relatively slow development from 7 to 8 months. Meanwhile 5-8 and 9-10 months were the periods of accelerated development for its width, and 8-9 months – the period of relatively slow development for it. During fetal and early neonatal periods of human ontogenesis the value of all the paired correlation coefficients between organometric parameters of the palatine maxillary process (hard palate) and horizontal lamina of the palatine bone are positive and rather close to 1 (>0.84), which is indicative of a close positive correlation between all the organometric parameters. Very strong relation is found between the length of the hard palate and its width in the right and left (r=0.92), between the length of the hard palate and palatine bone (r=0.97), between the length of the palatine bone and the width of the hard palate in the right (r=0.91) and in the left (r=0.90). Therefore, by means of adequate anatomical methods of examination new scientifically substantiated data are obtained concerning organometric characteristics of anatomical structures of the hard palate at all the stages of perinatal period.

scholarly journals Shox2 regulates osteogenic differentiation and pattern formation during hard palate development in mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 (48) ◽  
pp. 18294-18305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jue Xu ◽  
Linyan Wang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Tianfang Yang ◽  
Yanding Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Palate Development

scholarly journals ANGKA KEJADIAN SUMBING BIBIR DI RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE 2011-2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriani Supandi
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Surgery Department

Abstract: Cleft lip is a gap defect in the upper lip tha tcan extend to the gums, jaw and palate that are formed in the first trimester of pregnancy because of the mesodermis is not formed in that area so the nasal and maxillary processes that have been fused into a broken back. Cleft lip is caused by genetic and environmental factors. This study aimed to obtain the incidence of cleft lip in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado for period 2011-2013. This was a descriptive retrospective study by using data of the Surgery Department and the Medical Record. The results showed that during the period 2011-2013, the most frequent cases were cleftlip and alveolar with cleft soft palate and hard palate (65.5%). Unilateral cleft lip (66%) was more common than bilateral cleft lip (34%) and the localizations of defects were more common on the left (57%). The number of male patients (67%) were higher than the females (33%). Most patients underwent surgery at the ages of 1-6 years (39%). Most patients underwent Primary Lip Repair surgery (71%) and the most frequent performed techniques was Triangular Variant (33%).Keywords: cleft lip, incidenceAbstrak: Sumbing bibir merupakan cacat berupa celah pada bibir atas yang dapat meneruskan diri sampai ke gusi, rahang dan langitan yang terbentuk pada trimester pertama kehamilan karena tidak terbentuknya mesoderm pada daerah tersebut sehingga prosesus nasalis dan maksilaris yang telah menyatu menjadi pecah kembali. Sumbing bibir disebabkan oleh faktor genetik dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian sumbing bibir di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 2011-2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif retrospektif melalui pengumpulan data di bagian Bedah dan bagian Rekam Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama periode 2011-2013 kasus tertinggi yang ditemukan adalah kasus sumbing bibir dan alveolus yang disertai dengan sumbing palatum lunak dan palatum keras (65,5%). Sumbing bibir unilateral (66%) lebih banyak ditemukan daripada sumbing bibir bilateral (34%) dan lokalisasi defek lebih sering terjadi di sebelah kiri (57%). Jumlah pasien laki-laki (67%) lebih banyak ditemukan daripada perempuan (33%). Sebagian besar pasien dilakukan operasi pada usia 1-6 tahun (39%). Sebagian besar pasien dilakukan operasi Primary Lip Repair (71%) dan tehnik operasi yang tersering ialah Triangular Variant (33%).Kata kunci: Angka kejadian, sumbing bibir

scholarly journals Regulatory Mechanisms of Soft Palate Development and Malformations

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 959-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
G. Rodriguez ◽  
X. Han ◽  
E. Janečková ◽  
S. Kahng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Palate ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Palate Development ◽  
Orofacial Clefting ◽  
Tissue Interactions ◽  
Craniofacial Malformation

Orofacial clefting is the most common congenital craniofacial malformation, appearing in approximately 1 in 700 live births. Orofacial clefting includes several distinct anatomic malformations affecting the upper lip and hard and soft palate. The etiology of orofacial clefting is multifactorial, including genetic or environmental factors or their combination. A large body of work has focused on the molecular etiology of cleft lip and clefts of the hard palate, but study of the underlying etiology of soft palate clefts is an emerging field. Recent advances in the understanding of soft palate development suggest that it may be regulated by distinct pathways from those implicated in hard palate development. Soft palate clefting leads to muscle misorientation and oropharyngeal deficiency and adversely affects speech, swallowing, breathing, and hearing. Hence, there is an important need to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of soft palate development. Significantly, the anatomy, function, and development of soft palatal muscles are similar in humans and mice, rendering the mouse an excellent model for investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms of soft palate clefts. Cranial neural crest–derived cells provide important regulatory cues to guide myogenic progenitors to differentiate into muscles in the soft palate. Signals from the palatal epithelium also play key roles via tissue-tissue interactions mediated by Tgf-β, Wnt, Fgf, and Hh signaling molecules. Additionally, mutations in transcription factors, such as Dlx5, Tbx1, and Tbx22, have been associated with soft palate clefting in humans and mice, suggesting that they play important regulatory roles during soft palate development. Finally, we highlight the importance of distinguishing specific types of soft palate defects in patients and developing relevant animal models for each of these types to improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of soft palate development. This knowledge will provide a foundation for improving treatment for patients in the future.

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