Las estrategias discursivas de algunos artículos de opinión de Umberto Eco

Author(s):  
Loreta De Stasio

En este artículo examinaremos algunas de las principales estrategias discursivas empleadas en dos artículos publicados por U. Eco en L’Espresso, una revista semanal muy conocida en Italia de carácter político, social, cultural y económico, en el marco de una página personal titulada “La Bustina di Minerva”, es decir, “El Sobrecito de Minerva”. El título es una referencia a la comunicación breve, a las observaciones de cualquier tipo, pero igualmente, de forma simultánea. Los sobrecitos reflexionan sobre el mundo contemporáneo, la sociedad italiana, los medios de comunicación de masas; tratan de la actualidad y la relacionan con la historia y la filosofía, con Internet y el futuro del Tercer Milenio, y nos proponen los pensamientos de U. Eco con más viveza que una conferencia o un tratado.La ironía, la sátira y la parodia son las bases argumentativas de muchos “Sobrecitos”. Generalmente, el humor transmite dos sentidos a la vez. Detrás de una serie de textos tan variados temáticamente aparece a menudo una misma estructura binaria, un cuerpo dual. Con frecuencia, un mismo artículo obedece a una doble orientación tematica, ya que suelen mezclar dos motivos que pertenecen a áreas diferentes, alternando simultáneamente dos sujetos. A esta doble orientación temática del “Sobrecito” corresponde la doble orientación semántica de la palabra irónica que, junto con la parodia es un discurso dialógico o bi-direccional en el que se mezclan dos voces.In this article some of the main discursive strategies used in two articles published by U. Eco are examined. These articles have been published in L'Espresso, a weekly review very widespread in Italy, of political, social, cultural and economic character, within the framework of a column titled “La Bustina di Minerva”, that is to say, “The little bag/envelope of Minerva”. This title refers to a brief communication, to observations of any type, but also, immediate. The “bustine” reflects on the contemporary world, the Italian society, the mass media; they deal with present time and relate it to history and philosophy, Internet and the future of the Third Millennium, and they propose us Eco’s thoughts with more vividness than a conference or an essay.Irony, satire and parody are the argumentative bases of many “bustine”. Generally, humour transmits two senses simultaneously. Behind a series of texts so thematically varied there is often a same binary structure, a dual body. Frequently, a same article obeys to a double thematic direction, since usually they mix two arguments that belong to different areas, alternating two subjects simultaneously. To this double thematic direction of the “bustina” corresponds the double semantic direction of the ironic word that, along with parody, is a dialogic or bidirectional speech in which two voices are mixed.

Author(s):  
Richard Tjan

The global dementia epidemic now and in the future is mainly caused by the steady increase in the population of older persons, where around 2 billion people will be 60 years of age and older by 2050.<sup>(1,2)</sup> As a consequence, in that year  there will be 135 million people with dementia, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where 60% of the more than 47 million cases (2015 estimate) are living now.<sup>(2)</sup>


Futures ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances K. Goldscheider

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Michael Amaladoss

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Pellicciari

Over the last twenty years, about 240,000 articles where histochemical techniques were used have been published in indexed journals, and their yearly number has progressively increased. The histochemical approach was selected by researchers with very different scientific interests, as the journals in which these articles were published fall within 140 subject categories. The relative proportion of articles in some of these journal categories did change over the years, and browsing the table of contents of the European Journal of Histochemistry, as an example of a strictly histochemical journal, it appeared that in recent years histochemical techniques were preferentially used to mechanistically investigate natural or experimentally induced dynamic processes, with reduced attention to purely descriptive works. It may be foreseen that, in the future, histochemistry will be increasingly focused on studying the molecular pathways responsible for cell differentiation, the maintenance or loss of the differentiated state, and tissue regeneration.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Kovalyov ◽  
Olena Ataeva

The article reveals the essence and preconditions of the global crisis in nature and society at the beginning of the third millennium. The purpose of human life as a manifestation of its society is defined in accordance with the requirements of the objectively existing laws of human evolution on the way to extracurricular society. In particular, attention is paid to such cataclysms of the planet that interfere with human life in the present and future, such as earthquakes, devastating typhoons, temperature fluctuations, downpours, tsunamis, or, conversely, droughts that lead to vegetation, crop failures, forest fires and more , to eliminate which humanity has limited opportunities. A significant impact on the state of natural conditions of our planet is caused by changes in solar activity. Changes in the survival of mankind, such as the emergence of viral diseases, including plague, Ebola, coronavirus and others, which endanger human life and lead to changes in production and living conditions, which in turn forces people to join forces in the struggle for survival. Possible ways to eliminate or mitigate the devastating effects of the planetary crisis in the context of human existence through socio-economic restructuring within the modern era, the trends of which are currently manifested in the socio-economic confrontation of such countries, on the one hand as the United States, on the other – Russia and China, which are heading to the social and economic space. The main provisions of the methodology for quantifying social changes on the path of socio-economic restructuring of mankind in the future by indicators: the level of labor potential, human and physical capital, wages, as representatives of existing industrial relations in the world. In particular, methods have been invented to analyze and calculate the level of wages as an economic category of the transition period to the direct social order in the future of mankind on such elements as the minimum, additional and stimulating wages. The scientific approaches to determining the degree of social maturity of society in the present and future, which distort the progress of mankind to its ultimate goal – the restructuring of extracurricular, direct community structure, its existence on the planet.


2003 ◽  
Vol 117 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ramı́rez-Salgado ◽  
J Marı́n-Cruz ◽  
A Estrada-Martı́nez

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