scholarly journals The Effect of Managerial Share Pledges on the Cost of Debt

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-650
Author(s):  
Soonhong Park ◽  
Hyeon Sook Kim ◽  
Byungkwon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Risk Premium ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Controlling Shareholders ◽  
Managerial Risk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

We examines whether share pledges by controlling shareholders influence a firm’s cost of debt. We also investigate whether the relationship between share pledges and the cost of debt stems from the managerial risk-taking incentives or pursuing the private benefits of controlling shareholders. We make three major findings. First, we find the cost of debt is higher in firms with share pledges than in firms without share pledges. Furthermore, we identify a positive relationship between the cost of debt and the level of share pledges. Second, we find that there is no increased corporate financial leverage or investment activities in firms with share pledges. Finally, our empirical evidence demonstrates that the positive relationship between share pledges and cost of debt is more pronounced for lower foreign institutional investor stakes or higher controlling shareholders ownership. Overall, the results indicate that share pledges by controlling shareholders negatively affect the cost of debt. However, the effect of share pledges on the cost of debt is differently influenced by a firm’s ownership structure. Our findings suggest that share pledges induce stockholder-bondholder conflict, and the bondholder requires more risk premium due to the decrease of firm value.

scholarly journals Role of Managerial Competencies and Risk-Taking Behavior in Financial Service Outreach of Microfinance Banks in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Fozia Taj ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Managerial Competencies ◽  
Managerial Risk ◽  
Calculated Risk ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the managerial risk-taking, managerial competencies and financial service outreach of microfinance banks in Pakistan. Primary data was collected from 36 branches of microfinance banks (MFBs) in nine cities. The unit of investigation is the branch manager and senior credit officer of each MFB branch. Descriptive statistics, correlation and regression, are used for data analysis. This study found a positive relationship between financial service outreach of MFBs and managerial competencies; financial service outreach also has a positive relationship with the risk-taking behavior of managers. There is a positive relationship between risk-taking behavior and financial service outreach of banks. The risk-taking behavior partially mediates the relationship between the managerial competencies and financial service outreach. The magnitude of the relationship between managerial competencies and outreach is significant, and its magnitude reduces when there is the mediation of managerial risk-taking behavior between them. Thus, managerial competencies, along with risk-taking behavior are the keys drivers of financial service outreach of MFBs. This study informs MFB’s top management and policymakers that competencies of managers and their calculated risk-taking propensities determined outreach performance of the MFBs.

scholarly journals Will the Reduction of CO2 Emissions Lower the Cost of Debt Financing? The Case of EU Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8361
Author(s):  
Sylwester Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Risk Premium ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Debt Capital ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Company

The main objective of this article is to test the relationship between the intensity of CO2 emissions and company’s cost of debt capital. This study fills a gap in the financial literature on this compound by examining a sample of 225 large nonfinancial enterprises operating in 15 EU countries in the years 2018–2021. The fractional logit regression controlling for company’s characteristics (assets, profitability, liquidity and leverage) was used. The results show that by reducing the intensity of CO2 emissions, a company can reduce the cost of debt. This relationship was confirmed for three measures of intensity, i.e., CO2 emissions in relation to revenues, assets and number of employees. Markets and financial institutions impose an additional risk premium in relation to companies operating in an industry considered to be comprised of strong CO2 emitters. The use of the latest data for a wide sample of European enterprises provides an up-to-date assessment of the analyzed issues and the results can be used by enterprises and public authorities when analyzing the benefits of implementing a technology that reduces CO2 emissions.

scholarly journals Dealing with Carbon Risk and the Cost of Debt: Evidence from the European Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Pizzutilo ◽  
Massimo Mariani ◽  
Alessandra Caragnano ◽  
Marianna Zito
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
European Market ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Specific Component ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

The ever-increasing attention towards climate change has led to investigate the economic and financial impact of environmental risk. In this scenario, we aimed at investigating the relationship between a specific component of environmental risk, namely the so-called carbon risk, and the cost of debt. This research is motivated by the fact that few studies have focused on the aforementioned relationship. We fill this gap by using a sample of companies listed on the Eurostoxx 600 Index. Our results evidence a positive relationship between carbon risk and cost of debt, providing a relevant contribution to the scarce existing literature on this topic.

scholarly journals A Study of the Relationship between Corporate Governance and Non-business Real Estate

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-313
Author(s):  
Changu Jeon ◽  
Hyangmi Choi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Shareholder Wealth ◽  
Private Benefits ◽  
Controlling Shareholders ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Corporate non-business real estate can be used for the private benefits of controlling shareholders, but is also likely to enhance shareholder wealth. This study explores the impact of corporate governance to address this contradiction, particularly the ownership-control disparity on non-business real estate. We further examine the moderating effect of foreign blockholders on the relationship, then conduct additional analyses on the relationship between non-business real estate and firm value. The results are as follows. First, the disparity has a consistently positive relationship with non-business real estate, which implies that corporate non-business real estate can be utilized for expropriation for the benefit of controlling shareholders. Second, the relationship between the disparity and non-business real estate is mitigated by foreign blockholders. Third, we find that non-business real estate has a negative relationship with firm value. This result implicates the inefficiency of non-business real estate and the possibility of agency problem. Forth, investment in non-business real estate is likely to decrease firm value, compared with investment in core business. This study revisits and extends corporate governance research in terms of non-business real estate by identifying the presence of agency problems and monitoring effects of outside blockholders.

Ownership Structure, Antitakeover Provisions, and the Cost of Debt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzi Chen ◽  
Jun-Koo Kang ◽  
Jungmin Kim ◽  
Hyun Seung Na
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Risk-Taking Behavior and the Consumption of Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink among Australian, Dutch and UK Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5315
Author(s):  
Sean J. Johnson ◽  
Sarah Benson ◽  
Andrew Scholey ◽  
Chris Alford ◽  
Joris C. Verster
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Energy Drink Consumption ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Risk

The relationship between risk-taking behavior, alcohol consumption and negative alcohol-related consequences is well known. The current analyses were conducted to investigate whether alcohol mixed with energy drink (AMED) is related to risk-taking behavior and if there is a relationship between the amount of energy drink mixed with alcohol consumed, risk-taking behavior and negative alcohol-related consequences. Data from N = 1276 AMED consuming students from the Netherlands, UK and Australia who completed the same survey were evaluated. The analysis revealed that, compared to AMED occasions, on alcohol only (AO) occasions significantly more alcohol was consumed and significantly more negative alcohol-related consequences were reported. On both AO and AMED occasions, there was a strong and positive relationship between amount of alcohol consumed, level of risk-taking behavior and number of reported negative alcohol-related consequences. In contrast, the level of risk-taking behavior was not clearly related to energy drink consumption. Across risk-taking levels, differences in the amount of energy drink consumed on AMED occasions did not exceed one 250 mL serving of energy drink. When correcting for the amount of alcohol consumed, there were no statistically significant differences in the number of energy drinks consumed on AMED occasions between the risk-taking groups. In conclusion, alcohol consumption is clearly related to risk-taking behavior and experiencing negative alcohol-related consequences. In contrast, energy drink intake was not related to level of risk-taking behavior and only weakly related to the number of experienced negative alcohol-related consequences.

The Relation Between Stock Repurchase And Ownership Structure In France

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Rim El Houcine ◽  
Adel Boubaker
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Stock Repurchase ◽  
Interest Alignment ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this article is to study the relationship between the type of shareholders of French companies and their stock repurchase policy. According to the financial theory, the presence of institutional investors negatively influences the policy of purchasing the fact of preference of these investors over the reinvestment projects. The theoretical hypotheses of interest alignment and entrenchment have been used to justify the relationship between management stockholding and repurchasing policy. We have tested the validity of our hypotheses on a sample of 77 French companies during 2003-2008. The results have shown that the institutional investors affect negatively the repurchase, which can explain the priority of these latter for dividends compared to repurchasing and with holding the profit to invest it again. Moreover, we have found a positive relationship between the management stockholding and the repurchase, which has been explained by the power of entrenchment that can perform the repurchase by raising the stockholding percentage of managers who repurchase the stocks.

Business group affiliation, ownership structure, and the cost of debt

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 311-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Young Byun ◽  
Sunhwa Choi ◽  
Lee-Seok Hwang ◽  
Robert G. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Business Group ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Business Group Affiliation ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals ESG Scores and the Credit Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ga-Young Jang ◽  
Hyoung-Goo Kang ◽  
Ju-Yeong Lee ◽  
Kyounghun Bae
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Credit Rating ◽  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Debt Financing ◽  
Corporate Bond ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Rating Agencies ◽  
Bond Returns ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

This study analyzes the relationship between Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) scores and bond returns using the corporate bond data in Korea during the period of 2010 to 2015. We find that ESG scores include valuable information about the downside risk of firms. This effect is particularly salient for the firms with high information asymmetry such as small firms. Interestingly, of the three ESG criteria, only environmental scores show a significant impact on bond returns when interacted with the firm size, suggesting that high environmental scores lower the cost of debt financing for small firms. Finally, ESG is complementary to credit ratings in assessing credit quality as credit ratings cannot explain away ESG effects in predicting future bond returns. This result suggests that credit rating agencies should either integrate ESG scores into their current rating process or produce separate ESG scores which bond investors integrate with the existing credit ratings by themselves.

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